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MORPHOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY

 

MORPHOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY 

(Anatomy, histology, embryology, topography in normal and pathological conditions...) 


  • 1176-1178(b)Rambam The author writes about the localization of LCF (גיד) ) and distinguishes it from a tendon, blood vessel or nerve.
  • 1523Berengario da CarpiJ The author describes the attachment, physical properties and role of the LCF. 
  • 1543(a)VesaliusA The author describes the anatomy, attachment, properties and role of LCF, also interprets its synonyms. 
  • 1543(b)VesaliusA The author describes the attachment and shape of the LCF. 
  • 1555VesaliusA The author describes the anatomy, attachment, properties and role of LCF, also interprets its synonyms (second edition of the treatise).
  • 1559ColomboMR Selected fragments of the treatise describe the topography, function, geometric and physical properties of the LCF. 
  • 1600LaurensA The author writes about the anatomy, attachment, properties, shape and size LCF.
  • 1603IngrassiaeIP The author writes about the topography of LCF, its geometric and mechanical properties. 
  • 1610RiolanJ The author discusses the localization, function, attachment and mentions rare synonyms of LCF. 
  • 1611BartholinC The author describes the anatomy, topography, geometric and mechanical properties of the LCF. 
  • 1611GuidiG The author briefly writes about the anatomy, function, and attachment of the LCF. 
  • 1615BauhinC The author describes the consistency, attachment and role of the LCF.
  • 1626BartholinC The author describes the anatomy, topography, geometric and mechanical properties of the LCF. 
  • 1632CasseriGC The author writes about the location and attachment of the LCF. 
  • 1666VeslingJ The author describes the attachment, properties and role of the LCF.
  • 1687BlancardS The author writes about the attachment and function of the LCF.
  • 1693VerheyenP The author indicates the localization and briefly describes the shape and consistency of LCF. 
  • 1697MunnicksJ The author describes the attachment and shape of the LCF.
  • 1698CowperW The author writes about the anatomy, attachment and function of the LCF
  • 1705RuyschF The author describes the anatomical preparation containing the LCF, notes its areas of attachment, geometric and mechanical properties. 
  • 1724FabriciusJA Selected passages provide views on the normal anatomy of the LCF and its inherent connective function. 
  • 1726AlbinusBS The author describes the attachment areas of the LCF, as well as mentions the role of the adipose tissue of the acetabular cavity and the vessels entering it.
  • 1726HeisterC The author briefly writes about the anatomy and role of the LCF. 
  • 1732KulmusJA The author briefly writes [Lat] about the anatomy, properties and attachment of the LCF.
  • 1732WinslowJB The author writes in detail about the anatomy, structure and synonyms of LCF. 
  • 1734KulmusJA The author briefly writes [Fra] about the anatomy, properties and attachment of the LCF. 
  • 1736NesbittR The author mentions the proximal attachment region of the LCF.
  • 1738FabriciusH Selected fragments of the treatise describe the topography, function, geometric and physical properties of the LCF, as well as its injury during hip dislocation.
  • 1739LimburgA  The author briefly writes about the LCF. 
  • 1740KulmusJA The author briefly writes [Deu] about the anatomy, properties and attachment of the LCF.
  • 1741HeisterL The author describe the anatomy and topography LCF.
  • 1742WeitbrechtJ The author describes the prismatic shape of the LCF and the areas of its attachment.
  • 1743SchwenckeT A photocopy and preliminary translation of a forgotten scientific article dedicated to the anatomy of the LCF. 
  • 1750DrakeJ The author does not name the LCF, but accurately describes its appearance (short, thick, and round), and indicates the attachment points.
  • 1751BöhmerPA The author describes the topography, mechanical properties and role of the роль LCF.  
  • 1751DuVerneyJG The author discusses the topography of the LCF, its role and injury in dislocations, using the rare synonym ligament plat.
  • 1753TarinP The author notes the localization of LCF and uses synonyms.
  • 1756HallerA The author describes the sources of blood supply to the LCF. 
  • 1758MonroA The author writes about the attachment, role and strength of the LCF. 
  • 1762MorgagniJB The author mentions the properties and localization of LCF.
  • 1775SabatierRB The author discusses the form, anatomy, injuries, and role of the LCF.
  • 1776LieutaudJ The author describes the form, attachment, function of the LCF and discusses its name. 
  • 1783(a)MayerJCA The author describes the shape and areas of attachment of the LCF.
  • 1783(b)MayerJCA The author notes the place of attachment of the LCF. 
  • 1784CheseldenW The author draws attention to the role of LCF in counteracting hip dislocation and maintaining the femoral head in the joint (XII-th ed.). 
  • 1785SandifortE The author briefly writes about the attachment of the LCF.
  • 1786BlumenbachJF The author briefly writes about the anatomy and attachment of the LCF. 
  • 1794(a)SommerringT The author describes the attachment, role, and absence of the LCF.
  • 1794(b)SommerringT The author describes the form, attachment, structure and function of the LCF. 
  • 1796WiedemannCRW The author describes the shape and attachment areas of the LCF.
  • 1796LoschgeFH The author writes about the attachment and function of the LCF.
  • 1798LauthT The author describes the structure, geometric properties and attachment of the LCF.
  • 1803PortalA The author writes about synonyms, the anatomy and attachment options of the LCF, and also mentions cases where it is missing. 
  • 1803BoyerA The author describes the anatomy, shape, structure and attachment of the LCF.
  • 1808BellJ The author describes the anatomy of the LCF and its synovial membrane.
  • 1816MeckelJF The author discusses the anatomy and function of the LCF, and also identifies one of the reasons for its damage. 
  • 1816CloquetJH In the passage, the author describes the anatomy of the LCF, and also mentions several synonyms. 
  • 1819MitchellE_BarclayJ The authors expressed the opinion: LCF movements stimulate the production of synovial fluid, and restricts the translational movements of the femoral head.
  • 1820PallettaGB The author extensively describes the topography, structure, and blood supply of the LCF. 
  • 1824BarclayJ The author expressed the opinion: LCF movements stimulate the production of synovial fluid, and restricts the translational movements of the femoral head. 
  • 1832MeckelJF The author briefly discusses abnormalities of the LCF and its distal insertion. 
  • 1836MunzM The author briefly writes about the anatomy and function of the LCF.
  • 1837CruveilhierJ The author discusses the anatomy and role of the LCF, while denying its mechanical significance. 
  • 1838BlandinPF The author describes the anatomy and mechanical properties of the LCF. 
  • 1839WeberMI The author examines the anatomy, properties of the LCF and uses several synonyms. 
  • 1840HarrisonR  The author describes the anatomy, topography, dimensions, attachment, and role of the LCF.
  • 1840RosenmüllerJC The author provides basic information about the LCF and its function.
  • 1841BarkowHCL The author discusses development, anatomy and function of the LCF. 
  • 1842LangenbeckCJM The author discusses the anatomy, role and synonyms of the LCF.
  • 1844CruveilhierJ The author discusses the anatomy and role of the LCF. 
  • 1844NelatonA. According to the author, the LCF does not hold the femoral head in the acetabulum, but it is involved in its blood supply. 
  • 1845ArnoldF The author briefly describes the anatomy of the LCF and notes its role in supporting the pelvis when the body is in an upright position. 
  • 1845HollsteinL The author discusses the anatomy of the LCF, and mentions its synonyms. 
  • 1848HarrisonR The author discusses the anatomy, topography, and role of the LCF. 
  • 1849QuainJ The author writes about the anatomy and function of the LCF and mentions synonyms. 
  • 1849SantessonC. The author reviews the anatomy, role and development of the LCF.
  • 1850SappeyMPC The author expresses the opinion that the primary role of the LCF is to protect the blood vessels supplying the femoral head. 
  • 1851HyrtlJ The author expresses a classic view on the functions of the LCF: a conductor of blood vessels and a limiter of adduction of the femur. 
  • 1853KnoxR The author points out that LCF is a thick and dense bundle of fibers. 
  • 1853JamainA The author briefly describes the anatomy of the LCF, noting its three points of proximal attachment.
  • 1855WalbaumCFE The author reports the presence of blood vessels in the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), and its mechanical significance in the prenatal period.
  • 1856HenleJ The author examines in detail the structure, shape and blood supply of the LCF. 
  • 1857HyrtlJ The author discusses the anatomy, structure, and role of the LCF (a conductor of inflammatory processes). 
  • 1857RichetA Fragments of the book are devoted to the anatomy of the LCF. 
  • 1857RüdingerN The author found that the inferior branch of the obturator nerve reaches the LCF.
  • 1858GrayH Selected fragments of the "classical" anatomy of the LCF and original illustrations of Henry Carter. 
  • 1861HoldenL The author discusses the attachment and anatomy of the LCF. 
  • 1864RambaudA_RenaultC The authors describe the development of the hip joint in children and mention the place of attachment of the LCF.
  • 1865LangerC The author discusses the structure of the LCF and notes the presence of a cavity filled with vessels and loose fiber. 
  • 1865HollsteinL The author discusses the anatomy and role of the LCF, and mentions its synonyms too.
  • 1867GrayH Selected fragments of the "classical" anatomy of the LCF and original illustrations.
  • 1867CruveilhierJ The author discusses the anatomy of the LCF and denies mechanical significance. 
  • 1864LuschkaH The author reports the presence of three bundles in the fibrous base of the LCF.  
  • 1868AebyCT The author believed that the LCF is the internal capsule of the joint. 
  • 1868BeaunisH_BouchardA The authors briefly describe the anatomy of the LCF and its role. 
  • 1874HenleJ. The author indicates the attachment of the LCF to the transverse ligament of the acetabulum.
  • 1875HeitzmannC The author briefly describes the topography and blood supply of the LCF, and also supplements the text with original illustrations. 
  • 1876SappeyMPC The author summarized the basic information about LCF. 
  • 1877aWelckerH The author discusses the differences in the anatomy of the LCF in animals: tapir, orangutan, chimpanzee.
  • 1877bWelckerH The author discusses differences in the relative strength and size of the LCF in humans at different ages.
  • 1878WelckerH In the article, the author discusses the embryonic development of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in humans and certain animals (pinnipeds, tapirs). 
  • 1878MarshallJ The author discusses the anatomy and briefly the role of the LCF.
  • 1878QuainJ The author writes about the anatomy and function of the LCF and mentions several synonyms too.
  • 1879 Krause CFT The author discusses the attachment and shape of the LCF, and lists several of its lesser-known synonyms.
  • 1880SchusterH The article discusses the embryonic development of the LCF in humans and some animals. 
  • 1881HartmannR The author discusses the shape, anatomy of the LCF, mentions its synonyms and cases of absence in animals.
  • 1882LangerC In the work, the author focuses on the presence in the LCF of strong fibrous bundles attached to the bones.
  • 1882NuhnA The author discusses the anatomy and role of the LCF, considering it a synovial formation, a source of synovial fluid. 
  • 1882ReevesHA The author describes the anatomy of the LCF and its role.
  • 1883MorelC_DuvalM The selected passages on the LCF and its function. 
  • 1883GegenbaurC The author denies the mechanical significance of the LCF.
  • 1886LesshaftP According to the author, the LCF reduces shocks and impacts of the articular surfaces. 
  • 1886PanschA The author believes that the LCF is a synovial process and briefly writes about its anatomy and function.
  • 1887GrayH Selected fragments of LCF anatomy and original illustrations of Henry Carter with additional drawings in later editions. 
  • 1887HeitzmannC The author briefly describes the topography and blood supply of the LCF, and also supplements the text with original illustrations (eng. ed.).
  • 1889AmantiniC Selected excerpts from the article examine the role of the LCF vessels in the blood supply to the femoral head. 
  • 1890DebierreC The author discusses the anatomy and briefly the role of the LCF.
  • 1892PoirierPJ The selected passages summarized the basic information about LCF obtained by the end of the 19th century.
  • 1895SiraudM The author discusses the involvement of the LCF arteries in the blood supply of the femoral head. 
  • 1897RauberA The author discusses the anatomy and role of the LCF, suggesting that it stimulates the production of synovial fluid.   
  • 1904FickR Fragments of the book summarize the basic information about LCF obtained by the beginning of the 20th century. 
  • 1904TestutL Fragments of the book recapitulate the basic information about LCF anatomy obtained by the beginning of the 20th century.
  • 1908GrayH Selected fragments of LCF anatomy and illustrations. 
  • 1910SuttonHA_DrinkerCK The selected fragments discuss the anatomy and topography of the LCF.
  • 1918GrayH Selected fragments of LCF anatomy and color illustrations.
  • 1920FrazerJES The author describes the attachment and development of the LCF, as well as its role as a vascular and nerve conductor.
  • 1930PhemisterDB. The author discusses the involvement of the LCF arteries in the blood supply and metaplasia of the femoral head. 
  •  1934BökerH The author discusses the attachment, role and movement of the LCF. 
  • 1953LangA_BalintJ The authors discuss the arterial vessels of the LCF and the blood supply to the femoral head. 
  • 1956SingerCJ Galen writes about the high resiliency and hardness of LCF, and also notes its connective function. 
  • 1996ChenHH_LeeMC The authors investigate the strength of the LCF in avascular necrosis and femoral neck fracture.
  • 2015DehaoBW_YoungJLS Understanding the ligamentum teres of the hip: a histological study. 
  • 2017KakuN_TsumuraH The article discusses the internal structure and attachment features of the LCF in the norm. 
  • 2024StetzelbergerVM_TannastM The authors found low LCF strength in patients with femoroacetabular impingement. 
  • 2025SrinivasanS_SakthivelS The article is devoted to the morphology of LCF in the Indian population. 
  • Acetabular Canal. Part 1. This article describes the space where the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) attaches and functions. See also Part 2 and Part 3. 



                                                                   


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1845HollsteinL

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1981OrtnerDJ_PutscharWGJ

  Content [i] Annotation [ii] Original text [iii] Illustrations [iv] Source & links [v] Notes [vi] Authors & Affiliations [vii] Keywords [i] Annotation Fragment from the book: Ortner DJ, Putschar WGJ. Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal Remains (1981). The authors describe signs of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) pathology in the remains of a Bronze Age individual, possibly resulting from recurrent hip subluxation. The text in Russian is available at the following link: 1981OrtnerDJ_PutscharWGJ . [ii] Original text Quote pp. 360-361   An adult male skeleton from tomb A100E at the Early Bronze Age [c. 3500–2000 BCE] cemetery of Bab edh-Dhra in Jordan has an abnormally shallow acetabulum of the right hip. This is the same skeleton that had a separate neural arch. The acetabulum is also much larger in diameter than the corresponding acetabulum of the left innominate (Figure 577). There is a moderate amount of arthritic lipping on the m...
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1665LindenJA

  Content [i] Annotation [ii] Original text (in Latin) [iii] English translation [iv] Source & links [v] Notes [vi] Authors & Affiliations [vii] Keywords [i] Annotation Fragment from the book: Linden JA . Magni Hippocratis Coi Opera Omnia Graece Et Latine Edita. Vol. I. (1665). This article presents an excerpt from the treatise «Mochlicus» (Instruments of Reductions) by  Hippocrates of Cos    (b. 460 BC), translated into Latin. The author describes for the first time the localization and area of distal attachment of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) describit, mentionem in alio tractatu ponens. A translation of this article into Russian is available at the link: 1665LindenJA .  The original source in Greek sees at the link: 1844LittreE , and in English at: 1886AdamsF . [ii] Original text (in Latin) Quote pp. 294-295 Vol. I. Ossium natura II. Ipsum aurem femur foras, & in anteriore parte incurvum est. Caput autem ejus appendix eft r...
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1900BetheE

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1753AstrucJ

  Content [i] Annotation [ii] Original text (in French) [iii] English translation [iv] Source & links [v] Notes [vi] Authors & Affiliations [vii] Keywords [i] Annotation Fragments from the book: Astruc J . Conjectures sur les memoires originaux dont il paroit que Moyse s'est servi pour composer le livre de la Genese (Conjectures on the Original Documents Which Moses Apparently Used in Compiling the Book of Genesis, 1753). In analyzing the book of Genesis, the author cites a French text mentioning a hip injury, damage to the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), and the consequences of an accident. An Russian translation is available at: 1753AstrucJ . [ii] Original text (in French) Quote p. 176 Genesis. Chap. XXXII A 25. Et quand cest hommeld vid qu’il ne le pouvoit vaincre, il toucha l'enrdroit de l'emboifiement de la hanche d'icelui: ainsi l'emboifiement de l'os de la hanche de Jacob fut entors quand l'homme luictoit avec lui.   Quote p. 177...
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1948EpsteinI

  Content [i] Annotation [ii] Original text [iii] Illustration [iv] Source & links [v] Notes [vi] Authors & Affiliations [vii] Keywords [i] Annotation Fragments from the book: Epstein I. Babylonian Talmud. Seder Kodashim. Vol. 2. Hullin (1948). The editor comments on the words of Rabbi Samuel (Shmuel) in the tractate Hullin of the Babylonian Talmud, explaining the location of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in relation to the joint and its differences from the sciatic nerve. The original in Russian is available at: 1948EpsteinI . [ii] Original text Quote p. 500 Hullin. Chapter 7.89b MISHNAH. [THE PROHIBITION OF] THE SCIATIC NERVE(1) IS IN FORCE BOTH WITHIN THE HOLY LAND AND OUTSIDE IT, BOTH DURING THE EXISTENCE OF THE TEMPLE AND AFTER IT, IN RESPECT OP BOTH UNCONSECRATED AND CONSECRATED [ANIMALS]. IT APPLIES TO CATTLE AND TO WILD ANIMALS, TO THE RIGHT AND LEFT HIP, BUT IT DOES NOT APPLY TO BIRDS BECAUSE THEY HAVE NO SPOON-SHAPED HIP(2). IT ALSO APPLIES TO A F...
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2025ZhangY_MartinRL

  We publish without changes an excellent article on the biomechanics of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) by Zhang Y et al. «A finite element analysis model to support ligamentum teres function» (2025). This is an an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  Journal of Hip Preservation Surgery A finite element analysis model to support ligamentum teres function Yongni Zhang , Jianing Wang , Linxia Gu , Hal David Martin , RobRoy L Martin Abstract The function of the ligamentum teres (LT) remains debated, particularly its role in limiting motion. The aim of this study was to use finite element analysis to assess LT stress during hip movements, which included external rotation with flexion. A 3D model of the hip joint, including the femoral hea...
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