Skip to main content

1751BöhmerPA


Fragments from the book Böhmer PA. Institutiones osteologicae in usum praelectionum academicarum cum iconibus anatomicus (1751). The author describes the topography, mechanical properties and role of the роль ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). This work has been repeatedly cited in publications by other medical writers: 1803SchregerCHT, 1880HyrtlJ. The translation was done in collaboration with ChatGPT (version 3.5) and the Google Translate service. 

Böhmer PA. Institutiones osteologicae in usum praelectionum academicarum cum iconibus anatomicus. Halae Magdeburgicae: In Officina Libraria Rengeriana, MDCCLI [1751]. [fragments]

Quote pp. 263-264

§. CCCCLXXX.

Acetabularum structura, et vsus,

Sunt autem amplissima cauatam mirifice coxis adposita, vt iisdem coxae cum toto trunco diuersimode super femora moueri et inclinari possint. Quaelibet sinuositas caput femoris profundius excipiens proprie acetabulum, Gr. κοτύλῃ vocatur (§. LXXVI.), ex concursu trium ossium componitur (§. CCCCLXXVII.), et crusta cartilaginea obducitur ac augetur (§. CCCCLXVIII); defectus vero in imperfecta ipsius ora ab opposita cartilagine suppletur, et per incisuram (§. CCCCLXXXI.) vasa, a compressione libera, tutissime admittuntur. Totus denique sinus validissimo, ex supercilio eius inaequali pro deunte ligamento, firmissime cum capite ossis femoris unitur.

§. 480.

The structure of the acetabulum and its appearance,

However, there are very large cavities wonderfully placed near the hips to allow them to move and bend in various ways relative to the entire torso. Each depression in which the head of the femur is deeply embedded is called the acetabulum proper, in Greek κοτύλῃ (§. 76), consists of a connection of three bones (§. 477), is covered with a cartilaginous layer and expanded (§. 468); but there is a defect, which at the edge is filled with the opposite cartilage, and through the incision (§. 481) the vessels, free from compression, are safely passed. In the end, the entire sinus is very strong, thanks to the uneven edge, with the missing ligament, it is firmly connected to the head of the femur.

Quote p. 264

§. CCCCLXXXI.

corumque sminor in ima parte cauitas.

Quum vero anterius et lateraliter ex parte dehifcat, supercilium illius imperfectum et inaequale fit, immo sinuositas, quae in medio et versus ilia latescit, ad hiatum rursus angustatur. Cauitas minor, quam in ima parte continet, simili gaudet margine imperfecto et inaequali, ac aspera superficie, eaque non solum ligamentum teres siue planum recipit, verum etiam glandulae mucilaginosae tutissimum concedit locum, efficitque, ne tota sub motu comprimatur.

§. 481.

smaller cavity at the bottom.

Where the rupture occurs anteriorly and laterally, its [acetabulum] edge becomes incomplete and uneven, and the notch, which extends from the middle outward, narrows again to a fissure. The smaller cavity which it [the acetabulum] contains in the lower part, also has the same interrupted and uneven edge and a rough surface, which not only receives the round or flat ligament, but also provides the safest place for the mucous glands, preventing them from being completely compressed when movements.

Quote pp. 324-325

§. DLXXXVIII.

eiusque inaequalis fossa qua ligamentum teres educitur

In medio profundam et inaequalem fossam habet, ex qua ligamentum firmissimum, crassum, et elasticum educitur, quod propriae acetabuli crenae inseritur (§. CCCCLXXXI), et, vi officii, suspensorium dici meretur.

§. 588.

and its irregular fossa, through which the round ligament passes.

In the middle there is a deep and uneven fossa, from which emerges a very firm, thick and elastic ligament, which is attached to its own notch of the acetabulum (§. 481), and by its function deserves to be called suspensory.

Quote pp. 325-326

§. DXC.

Connexio capitis femoris cum acetabulo.

In commissura capitis cum collo femoris, et circulo praecipue circa basin ceruicis aspero, ligamentum vasis refertissimum, robustum, validumque capsulare, quod caput ossis femoris cum acetabulo iungit (§. CCCCLXXX), firmatur. Quo vero liberius in centro acetabuli versari, et absque vasorum, illud ingredientium (§. CCCCLXXXI.) compressione, ex glanduloso-pinguedinosis organis mucus capsam inter et caput femoris exprimi, nec, relaxato forsan articulari vinculo, os prorsus ex articulatione elabi possit; natura suspensorio prospexit ligamento (§. DLXXXVIII).

 

§. 590.

Connection of the head of the femur with the acetabulum.

At the junction of the head with the neck of the femur and especially around the base of the neck, there is a very dense, strong and powerful capsular ligament that connects the head of the femur with the acetabulum (§. 480) and secures it. It allows the head of the femur to move freely inside the acetabulum and without compressing the vessels entering it (§. 481), under pressure the mucus from the glandular-fatty organs is squeezed out between the acetabulum and the head of the femur, and, even if the articular ligament [capsule] weakened, the bone cannot slide completely out of the joint; is because nature has focused on the suspensory ligament (§. 588).

 



External links

Böhmer PA. Institutiones osteologicae in usum praelectionum academicarum cum iconibus anatomicus. Halae Magdeburgicae: In Officina Libraria Rengeriana, MDCCLI [1751]. [archive.org , books.google] 

Authors & Affiliations

Philipp Adolph Böhmer (1711-1789) was a Prussian physician and professor of medicine at the University of Halle. [wikipedia.org] 

Philipp Adolph Böhmer (before 1900)
Unknown author; original in the 
wikimedia.org collection
(CC0 – Public Domain, no changes)

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, anatomy, synonym, role, mechanical properties

                                                                     

NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7

MORPHOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Australopithecus afarensis

  AUSTRALOPITHECUS AFARENSIS In 1735, Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778) placed humans as a species «Homo nosce te ipsum» in the order Anthropomorpha along with monkeys and sloths (1735LinneC). In a publication in 1758, the naturalist transferred humans to the order Primates (1758LinneC). Today, humans and chimpanzees are united in the tribe Hominini, as descended from a common ancestor (2001GrovesCP). It has been established that the chromosome that distinguishes humans from monkeys was formed before 4.5 Ma (2022PoszewieckaB_GambinA). The hominin subfamily Sahelanthropus tchadensis lived in the Republic of Chad (Central Africa) from 7.2±0.31 to 6.8±0.45 Ma (2008LebatardAE_BrunetM; 2012ReynoldsSC_GallagherA). Reconstruction of its musculoskeletal system showed that the creature could have been an upright bipedal primate (2005ZollikoferCP_BrunetM). Fossils of what is probably the first bipedal representative of the hominid family Orrorin tugenensis, lived 6.1-5.7 Ma and still retained adapta...

Great Compilation. Chapter 38

  English version of the article:  Архипов СВ. Книга Берешит как великая компиляция текстов и смыслов Второго переходного периода Египта: пилотная культурологическая, медицинская, археологическая и текстологическая экспертиза преданий против традиционной атрибуции. Введение.  О круглой связке бедра . 14.02.2026 .  The text in Russian is available at the following link:  2026АрхиповСВ .    The Book of Genesis as a Great Compilation of Texts and Meanings from the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt: A Pilot Culturological, Medical, Archaeological, and Textological Examination of the Legends versus Traditional Attribution.  Chapter 38   By Sergey V. Arkhipov, MD, PhD   CONTENT [i]   Abstract [ii]   Book of Genesis. Chapter 38 Analysis [iii]   Notes to Chapter 38 [iv]   AI Agent's Conclusion [v]   Content [vi]   External links [vii]   Application [i]   Abstract The Book of Genesis (Bereshith) was compo...

Great Compilation. Introduction

  English version of the article:  Архипов СВ. Книга Берешит как великая компиляция текстов и смыслов Второго переходного периода Египта: пилотная культурологическая, медицинская, археологическая и текстологическая экспертиза преданий против традиционной атрибуции. Введение.  О круглой связке бедра . 14.02.2026 .  The text in Russian is available at the following link:  2026АрхиповСВ .    The Book of Genesis as a Great Compilation of Texts and Meanings from the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt: A Pilot Culturological, Medical, Archaeological, and Textological Examination of the Legends versus Traditional Attribution . Introduction By Sergey V. Arkhipov, MD, PhD   CONTENT [i]   Abstract [ii]   Introduction [iii]   Content [iv]   External links [v]   Application [vi]   References [vii]   Application [i]   Abstract The Book of Genesis (Bereshith) was composed in Egypt during the 17th century BCE and reached ...

Great Compilation. Chapter 12

  English version of the article:  Архипов СВ. Книга Берешит как великая компиляция текстов и смыслов Второго переходного периода Египта: пилотная культурологическая, медицинская, археологическая и текстологическая экспертиза преданий против традиционной атрибуции. Введение.  О круглой связке бедра . 14.02.2026 .  The text in Russian is available at the following link:  2026АрхиповСВ .    The Book of Genesis as a Great Compilation of Texts and Meanings from the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt: A Pilot Culturological, Medical, Archaeological, and Textological Examination of the Legends versus Traditional Attribution.  Chapter 12   By Sergey V. Arkhipov, MD, PhD   CONTENT [i]   Abstract [ii]   Book of Genesis. Chapter 12 Analysis [iii]   Notes to Chapter 12 [iv]   AI Agent's Conclusion [v]   Content [vi]   External links [vii]   Application [i]   Abstract The Book of Genesis (Bereshith) was compo...

Tiktaalik roseae

  TIKTAALIK ROSEAE The first truly tetrapod animal (Limbed tetrapods) is recognized as the lobe-finned fish Tiktaalik roseae (clade Elpistostegalia), discovered in rocks aged about 375 Ma (2006DaeschlerEB_JenkinsJrFA; 2008ShubinN; 2017ShubinN). Discoveries in recent years have allowed us to place the taxa of early tetrapodomorphs in the following order: Tinirau, Eusthenopteron, Megalichthys, Panderichthys, Qikiqtania, Tiktaalik, Elpistostege, Parmastega, Ventastega, Acanthostega, Elginerpeton, Ymeria, Ichthyostega (2022StewartTA_ShubinNH). The closest ancestor of Tiktaalik roseae, the fragments of the skeleton of which are relatively well preserved, is Panderichthys. Reconstruction of the prehistoric fish Pandericthys Author Tyler Rhodes; original in the  wikipedia.org   collection (license CC BY-SA 3.0, no changes). The shape of the skeleton of the pectoral fin and shoulder girdle suggests that Panderichthys rhombolepis "walked" (2006AhlbergPE_ClackJA). At the very least...

Human Children. Retelling of Chapter 3

Short retelling of chapter 3 of the essay: Arkhipov S.V. Human Children: The Origins of Biblical Legends from a Physician's Perspective. Joensuu: Author's Edition, 2025. [In Russian]  Chapter 3. THE DAWN OF SURGERY The animal kingdom exhibits numerous forms of social support, many of which lay the groundwork for rudimentary medical practices. Insects like bees, fish such as cichlids, amphibians like bullfrogs, reptiles like crocodiles, and most birds and mammals demonstrate care for their offspring. Lions and wolves feed injured kin, while buffalo and flocking birds collectively defend against predators. Marine mammals assist struggling companions to the surface for air, and elephants help free trapped herd members from mud or aid them in standing. These behaviors hint at the origins of altruism, a trait that extends to early medical instincts. Animals also engage in self-medication and basic healing. Birds employ various techniques to combat ectoparasites, while moths, ant...

1816MeckelJF

    The author discusses the anatomy and function of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), and also identifies one of the reasons for its damage. The translation was done in collaboration with ChatGPT 3.5.   Meckel JF. Handbuch der menschlichen Anatomie. Zweiter Band. Besondere Anatomie. Halle, Berlin: Buchhandlung des Hallischen Waisenhauses, 1816. [fragment] Quote p p . 3 65 -366 c. Runds band §. 948. Gerade vor dem Theile der Synovialhaut, welcher auf der Lücke unter dem brückenförmigen Theile der Knorpellippe liegt, entspringt ein, ungefähr einen Zoll langes, sehr länglichviereckiges Band, das runde Band des Oberschenkels (Ligamentum ossis femoris teres s. rotundum) welches, an beiden Enden etwas ausgebreitet, sich mit seis nem äußern an die Bertiefung im Kopfe des Oberschenkels beines heftet und zu noch größerer Befestigung deffelben beiträgt. Es besteht aus longitudinalen Fasern, welche sich an das obere un...

New Biomechanics in Illustrations

  The New Biomechanics of the Hip Joint: A Pictorial Essay S.V. Arkhipov  INTRODUCTION  First in the history of humanity, the mention of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and the pathomechanics of walking associated with its damage is found in the ancient literary monument “Book of Genesis” (32:24-24,31-32), created approximately 3600 years ago (2019Arkhipov_Skvortsov; 2023 Архипов ). Fig. 1 The LCF = ligamentum teres of the hip joint, drawing by H.V. Carter (1870Grey). Fig. 2 Pencil drawing “Crossing of the Jabbok River” based on the “Book of Genesis” 32:22 (author: Lyudmila Arkhipova, 2008). The first description of LCF in a medical text is given by Hippocrates of Kos in the treatise “Instruments of Reductions” or “ Mochlicus ”, written in the V-IV centuries BCE (1844Littre). We know that with the normal LCF, walking it is light, rhythmic, and symmetrical, but we don't know “why ”. See video:  Supplement 1  Normal Walking We don't even know why we wi...

862-885Cyril_Methodiu

  On the Book of Genesis translated into Old Slavonic by Cyril and Methodius ( 862-885 ). Presumably, the translators used the Glagolitic alphabet, less likely the Cyrillic alphabet. A Old Slavonic terms that may have been used to refer to the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) of an animal and a human = sinew. See our commentary at the link: 862-885Cyril_Methodius [Rus]. Quote [Chu (Glagolitic)] ⰽⱀⰺⰳⰰ ⰱⱏⰹⱅⰺⱑ ( ⱔ ) Original source lost, possible term: … ⰶⰺⰾⰰ … [ž ila ] (transliteration: drevlit.ru , cphpvb.net ) [Chu (Cyrillic)] Быти ѥ (1912МихайловАВ) Original source lost. The term used to refer to LCF in the 15th century was: … жилы ... (original source: 15cent. Пятокнижие   Моисеево , p. 34) Translation [Eng] Glagolitic: Book of Genesis … sinew … Cyrillic : Genesis … of sinew … Пятокнижие   Моисеево , XV cent. External links Пятокнижие Моисеево [с прибавлениями], 15 в. [ lib-fond.ru ] Михайлов АВ. Опыт изучения текста Книги Бытия пророка Моисея в древне...

SURGERY

  SURGERY ( Osteotomy, arthroplasty, arthroscopy, ligamentoplasty... ) Inventions Method s  by Arkhipov S.V.   (subsection) Articles 1926HeyGrovesEH   The author proposes fixation of the femoral head by creating a LCF from the joint capsule during reduction of congenital hip dislocation.  1927HeyGrovesEH   The author  describes  fixation of the femoral head by creating a LCF from the joint capsule during reduction of congenital hip dislocation.  1968TrevorD  The author discusses E. Hey Groves's operation for reconstruction of the LCF in the reduction of congenital hip dislocation. 2021ArkhipovSV_SkvortsovDV   Ligamentum Teres and its Analog in the Hip Endoprosthesis–Necessary or Superfluous? A Systematic Review 2025ArkhipovSV. Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective .  Article  (07.04.2025).  UNDERWATER  ROCK OF THE RECONSTRUCTIONS  What is the load on the  ligamentum capitis femoris ? The First...