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NEOLITHIC AND BRONZE

 

NEOLITHIC AND BRONZE: Evidence from 8,000 to 2,000 years BCE.

Catalog of evidence for the specified period:

  • Chinchorro Mummies The practice of embalming and disarticulations in South America 5050-1720 years BCE.
  • Human LCF intersection Probably the first postmortem intersection of the human LCF 8000-4500 years ago.
  • Hip disarticulation of the human Postmortem surgery with intersection of the LCF in humans 15-12.5 thousand years ago.
  • Australian Aborigines Anatomical drawings of the indigenous people of Australia created 24-5 thousand years ago. 
  • 2000-1600bcBM29663 In the list of body parts of a sheep, the author indicates LCF. 
  • 1650-1550bcImhotep the Younger Hypothesis: in the work of fiction, an unknown physician-encyclopedist for the first time pointed out damage to the LCF as a cause of gait disturbance.
  • 1609-1583bcProtoBereshit Hypothesis: in the work of fiction, an unknown physician-encyclopedist for the first time pointed out damage to the LCF as a cause of gait disturbance. 
  • The Shortest Comments on Genesis, Chap. XXXII-XXXIII In the selected excerpt, the symptoms, mechanism, and differential diagnostic test for the injury to LCF are provided, along with details about the circumstances, time, and place of the biblical trauma.  


«Ancient Egyptian library» 
The image was created in collaboration with the Image Creator service from Microsoft.



«Mesopotamian library» 
The image was created in collaboration with the Image Creator service from Microsoft.



THE DOCTRINE OF LCF

                                                                                                    



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FIRST STAGES OF EVOLUTION

  FIRST STAGES OF EVOLUTION: 500-1 million years ago Catalog of evidence for the specified period: Vertebrates   Predecessors and oldest tetrapod species (LCF prehistory). Tiktaalik roseae  The first animal to have LCF (age about 375 million years).  THE OLDEST LCF   The first quadruped with LCF Amphibians & Reptilomorphs   The oldest amphibians and ancestors of reptiles (375-300 million years ago). Eryops megacephalus  An ancient amphibian of the Permian period (298.9-251.9 million years ago). Dinosauria : Saurischia & Ornithischia  A group of reptiles that lived 233-66 million years ago. Primates: Prosimii & Anthropoidea   Ancestors of humans that appeared about 50 million years ago.  Australopithecus afarensis   An ancestor of humans that lived 3.8-3.2 million years ago.  LCF of Australopithecus   The Australopithecus afarensis (3.2 Ma) had a ligament of the  head of femur.  Australopithecus G...
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CHIEFS OF CREATION

  CHIEFS OF CREATION: 999 to 10,000 y ears  a go . Catalog of evidence for the specified period: Homo ergaster   The species flourished in the period 1.8-0.6 million years ago. Homo antecessor. Hip disarticulation   A case of disarticulation aged over 780 thousand years. Pithecanthropus erectus   LCF of a human ancestor who lived 540-430 thousand years ago on the island of Java. Homo heidelbergensis   Signs of LCF in a human ancestor who lived 600-200 thousand years ago in Europe. Homo   neanderthalensis   A close relative of humans who flourished 500-30 thousand years ago. Homo naledi   A species that lived in southern Africa 335-236 thousand years ago. Homo   floresiensis   A human ancestor who lived on the island of Flores 190-50 thousand years ago. Australian   Aborigines   Anatomical drawings of the indigenous people of Australia created 24-5 thousand years ago. «Chiefs of Creation» The image was created in collaborat...
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Tiktaalik roseae

  TIKTAALIK ROSEAE The first truly tetrapod animal (Limbed tetrapods) is recognized as the lobe-finned fish Tiktaalik roseae (clade Elpistostegalia), discovered in rocks aged about 375 Ma (2006DaeschlerEB_JenkinsJrFA; 2008ShubinN; 2017ShubinN). Discoveries in recent years have allowed us to place the taxa of early tetrapodomorphs in the following order: Tinirau, Eusthenopteron, Megalichthys, Panderichthys, Qikiqtania, Tiktaalik, Elpistostege, Parmastega, Ventastega, Acanthostega, Elginerpeton, Ymeria, Ichthyostega (2022StewartTA_ShubinNH). The closest ancestor of Tiktaalik roseae, the fragments of the skeleton of which are relatively well preserved, is Panderichthys. Reconstruction of the prehistoric fish Pandericthys Author Tyler Rhodes; original in the  wikipedia.org   collection (license CC BY-SA 3.0, no changes). The shape of the skeleton of the pectoral fin and shoulder girdle suggests that Panderichthys rhombolepis "walked" (2006AhlbergPE_ClackJA). At the very least...
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Vertebrates

VERTEBRATES According to the molecular clock, a specific method for dating phylogenetic events, vertebrates (Vertebrata) separated from arthropods (Arthropoda) 976±97 Ma (2004HedgesSB_ShoeJL). The latter began to dominate in species diversity with the Cambrian burst of radiation, which occurred 520 Ma (2010EdgecombeGD). This ratio in the fauna of the Earth is still preserved. Approximately 525 Ma, the phylum Chordates separated from the group of bilaterally symmetrical animals (1995ChenJY_ZhouGQ). In turn, the evolution of chordate organisms led to the formation of the first vertebrates at least 500 Ma, from which the jawed mouths 450-400 Ma descended, becoming the ancestors of the placoderms or "armored" fish (Placodermi) (1979 НаумовНП _ КарташевНН ). Sculptural reconstruction of the placoderm Coccosteus from the order Arthrodires, Middle Devonian, 393.3-382.7  Ma ; exposition of the Orlov Paleontological Museum (Moscow); photo by the author. The first cartilaginou...
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The First Animals

  THE FIRST ANIMALS According to molecular clock data, the separation of the Animal Kingdom from the Plant Kingdom occurred 1609±60 Ma (2004HedgesSB_ShoeJL). Molecular estimates indicate that the last common ancestor of multicellular representatives of the fauna (Metazoa) was Neoproterozoic, most likely younger than 800 million years (2015PisaniD_LiuAG). Biomarkers of metazoan living systems identified in sedimentary deposits indicate their presence in the seas since the Cryogenian period (2018ZumbergeJA_SummonsRE), which began around approximately 720 Ma (2023CohenKM_CarN). Multicellular animals were part of early Ediacaran ecosystems and are found below layers dated to 632.5 ± 0.5 Ma (2007Yin_LHuJ). The oldest fossil of a multicellular organism resembling a sponge (Porifera) is about 600 Ma (2015YinZ_TafforeauP). The last Neoproterozoic glaciation (about 582 Ma) coincides with the appearance of complex organisms in the fossil record (2007BowringSA_AllenPA). Ev...
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