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1880HyrtlJ


Fragments from the book Hyrtl J. Onomatologia anatomica (1880). The author describes the various synonyms of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), before the entire ligamentum teres. The text is prepared for machine translation using a service built into the blog from Google or your web browser. In some cases, we have added links to quotations about LCF available on our resource, as well as to publications posted on the Internet. 

Quote p. 279

Im Rufus Ephesius treffen wir Ischium als Hüftgelenk, und als Band, welches den Schenkel mit dem Hüftbein verbindet: καὶ τὸ νεῦρον (Band), καὶ ὃλον τὸ ἄρθρον. (see 1581CrassoPI; 1879DarenbergCV_RuelleCE; 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV).

Quote pp. 504-505

Alle übrigen Bänder dieses Namens, wie das Ligamentum suspensorium hepatis, lienis, processus odontoidei, capitis femoris, und mehrere andere, hangen die betreffenden Organe nieht auf, tragensic auch nieht, weil sie nie in die Lage kommen, durch ihre Last angespannt zu warden.

…

Das Aufhangeband des Schenkelkopfes wurde schon durch Ligamentum teres s. triquetrum ersetzt, und konnte besser Ligamentum intracapsilare capituli femoris heissen, so wie das Ligamentum suspensorium processus odontoidei, viel richtiger als Ligamentum medium oder interalare zu bezeichnen ware.

Quote pp. 533 - 535

366. Teres.

Einige anatomische Anwendungen von teres, lassen sich grammatikalisch nicht verfechten. Das Ligamentum teres hepatis und uteri sind tadelfrei, aber der Teres major et minor, der Pronator teres, und das Ligamenitum teres capituli femoris, bedurfen einer Correctur. Teres definiren die Lexica als: quidquid oblongum et cylindricum (Gresner), und Forcellini setzt hinzu cum laevitate, d. i. mit glatter Oberflache, weil das Etymon von teres, tero ist = reiben. Festus sagt: in lonigitudine rotundatum. In diesem Sinne finden wir Digiti teretes, Surae teretes, und Collum teres im Ovid, und Membra teretia im Suetonius. Ein Cylinder, ein Baumstamm, eine Saule, kann teres genannt werden, weil ihr Querschnitt ein Kreis ist. Die drei oben genannten Muskeln sind, wie Albin sagt, latiores quam crassi, geben im Querschnitt flache Ellipsen, sind also keine Cylinder, und somit auch nicht Teretes. Cowper brachte ihnen diese Namen auf, wahrend Riolan sie als rotundi abhandelt. Dass teres und rotundus nicht synonym sind, bezeugt der Horazische Vers vom weisen Manne:

„Fortis et in se ipso totus, teres atque rotundus” (Satyra II, 7, 85.)

 '''Horaz wurde sich einer Tautologie nicht schuldig gemacht haben. Teres und rotundus stehen hier in figurlicher Anwendung als glatt und rund, d. h. minime scaber aut angulosus, ut nulla labes, nullum vitium, sapienti adhaerere pessit, wie die Commentaria sich vernehmen lassen. Hunderte von Muskeln konnten teretes genannt werden, wenn man einmal vom Cylinder absieht, mit Recht aber nur die conischen, wie der Psoas, weil sie den Querschnitt von Cylindern haben. Chaussier's Benennung des Teres major als Anguli-scapulo-humeral, und jene von Dumas fur den Teres minor als : Margini-sus-scapulo- trochiterien, sind horrend. Haben sich diese Herren je denken konnen, dass solche monstrose Compositionen, die alten und einfachen anatomischen Muskelnamen verdrangen, und es sich an ihrer Stelle durch allgemeinen Consensus bequemer machen werden? Wollen wir uns, solcher Kleinigkeit willen, nicht ereifern. Desto dringender muss das Ligamentum teres femoris, ohne alle Wortsturmerei aus der Anatomie ausgewiesen werden. Denn erstens ist es kein Band, halt den Schenkelkopf nicht, und tragt ihn nicht, greift in keine einzige Bewegung im Huftgelenk hemmend ein, und gehort den gefassreichen Synovialfalten an 1), welche fur nichts anderes als fiir die Absonderung der Gelenksfeuchtigkeit zu sorgen haben. Zweitens ist es, seiner Gestalt nach, keineswegs teres, sondern dreiseitig prismatisch, mit zwei scharfen, und einer sehr stumpfen Kante — gerade der Gegensatz von teres. Wenn auch das Ligamentum bleiben darf, weil ich nicht weiss welchen anderen kurzen Ausdruck man wahlen konnte, so muss doch, wie alle Welt zugeben wird, das teres in triquetrum oder prismaticum umgeformt werden, was sporadisch bereits geschah. Auch das Ligamentum privatum capitis femoris 2) ware annehmbar, wie das Ligamentum acetabuli internum des Thomas Schwenke 3), und das Ligamentum interarticulare von A. F. Walther 4) (Ligament renferme des Winslow 5). Das Ligamentum neurocartilagineum des Riolan, und Bohmer's Ligamentum suspensorium femoris, sind Absurditaten. Der Ausdruck Ligamentum teres, ist ubrigens nur eine wortliche Uebersetzung von σύνδεσμος στρογγύλος im Galen 6), welcher somit die erste Schuld dieser anatomischen Unrichtigkeit auf sich hat. Στρογγύλος = cylinidricus.

1) Henle, Banderlehre, 1. Auft., pag. 124.

2) Andreas Laurentius, Hist. anat. hum. corporis, Lib. III, Cap. 21.

3) De acetabuli ligamento interno, in dessen Haematologia, Hagae, 1743, 8.

4) De articulamentis et musculis hominis, etc, Lips., 1728, pag. 22, Ich habe, pag. 505, Ligamentum intracapsulare vorgeschlagen.

5) Exposition anat., Traite des os, §. 127, 144 und 145.

6) Galen. De usu partium, Lib. XII, Cap. 5. (see 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV).

 

External links  

Hyrtl J. Onomatologia anatomica: Geschichte und Kritik der anatomischen Sprache der Gegenwart; mit besonderer Berücksichtigung ihrer Barbarismen, Widersinnigkeiten, Tropen, und grammatikalischen Fehler. Wien: Wilhelm Braumüller, 1880. [archive.org]

Darenberg CV, Ruelle CE. Oeuvres de Rufus d'Ephèse. Paris: A L’Imprimerie nationale, MDCCCLXXIX [1879]. [books.google]

Henle J. Handbuch der systematischen Anatomie des Menschen: in drei Bänden. Erster band, zweite abthelung. Handbuch der Bänderlehre des Menschen. Braunschweig: F. Vieweg und sohn, 1856. [books.google , wellcomecollection.org] 

Crasso P.I. Medici antiqui graeci Aretaeus, Palladius, Ruffus, Theophilus, physici & chirurgic. Basileae: ex officina Petri Pernae, MDLXXXI [1581]. [archive.org]

Arkhipov SV, Prolygina IV. Ancient Textual Sources on Ligamentum Teres: Context and Transmission. MLTJ. 2020;10(3):536-546. doi:10.32098/mltj.03.2020.27 [mltj.online , mltj.online(PDF) , researchgate.net]

Schwencke T. Haematologia, sive sanguinis historia, experimentis passim superstructa. Accedit observatio anatomica de acetabuli ligamento interno, caput femoris firmante, cum binis tabulis adjectis. Hagae: Jon. Mart. Husson, 1743. [books.google]

Winslow JB. Exposition anatomique de la structure du corps humain. Vol. I. Paris: Guillaume Desprez et Jean Desessartz, MDCCXXXII [1732]. [books.google]

Du Laurens A. Historia anatomica humani corporis singularum eius partium... Paris: Excudebat Iametus Mettayer & Marcus Ourry, MDC [1600]. [books.google]

Du Laurens A. Historia anatomica, humani corporis partes singulas vberrime enodans, novisqve controversiis et observationibus illustrate… Prodit e nobilis Francofurti Paltheniana, sumtibus Iohnae Rodii, MDCII [1602]. [archive.org]

Riolan J. Opera anatomica vetera, recognita, & auctiora, quamplura noua, quorum seriem dabit sequens pagina. Lutetiae Parisiorum : sumptibus Gaspari Meturas viâ Iacobaea, sub signo SS. Trinitatis, prope Maturinenses, MDCXLIX [1649]. [archive.org]

Walther AF. De articulis ligamentis et musculis hominis incessu statuque dirigendis in theatro anatomico Lipsiensi observationes fecit denuo recognovit et iconibus illustravit Augustinus Frid. Walther. Lipsiae: Apud Jon. Frid. Gleditschii B. Fil. MDCCXXVIII [1728]. [books.google , wellcomecollection.org]

Böhmer PA. Institutiones osteologicae in usum praelectionum academicarum cum iconibus anatomicus. Halae Magdeburgicae: In Officina Libraria Rengeriana, MDCCLI [1751]. [archive.org , books.google] 

Authors & Affiliations 

Josef Hyrtl (1810-1894) was an Austrian anatomist, a professor at the University of Vienna. wikipedia.org

Josef Hyrtl (1850)
Lithograph by Eduard Kaiser; original in the wikimedia.org collection
(CC0 – Public Domain, no changes)

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, scientific synonym

                                                                    

NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7

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SCIENTIFIC SYNONYMS

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