1649RiolanJ

Fragments from the book Riolan J. Opera anatomica (1649). The author discusses the areas of attachment of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), physical properties and mentions several rare synonyms (neruus, priuatum, neurocartilagineum). In particular, the author chooses the unusual term «neurocartilagineum, which is mentioned by 1880HyrtlJ and 1803SchregerCHT. It should be noted that the translation «neurocartilaginous» would be incorrect, since Jean Riolan implies «sinew» rather than «nerve». In quoting Hippocrates, the author is clearly mistaken, since the LCF is described in the treatise on «Mochlicus» (Instruments of Reductions). In some cases, we have added links to quotations about LCF available on our resource, as well as to publications posted on the Internet.

Quote p. 514.

[Lat]

In librum Galeni De ossibus ad tyrones commentaries.

Commentarius in caput XX. De crure.

Caput XXVII.

In vnoquoque quaedam obseruanda veniunt. Ac primum in superiore notari debet Caput rotundum coxendici articulatum, quod Hippocrati, lib. de Ossibuum natura, epiphiysis est, ex qua nascitur Neruus, qui Femur acetabulo colligat & adstringit. Huic substrata pars gracilior Ceruix dicitur, quae acetabulo foris extrorsum abscedit, vt musculis inferna parte collocandis, itemque magnis venis, arteriis, neruis & glandulis vasorum diuifionibus praepositis locum relioqueret, in quit Gelenus, lib. 3. de vsu partium.

Quote p. 638.

[Lat]

Animadversiones in opus anatomicum Andreae Laurentij.

Ligamenta Femoris et Tibia.

Cap. II. lib.3. Non rect describit ligamentum, quod appellat priuatum, a cotyles fundo in medium femoris caput productum. Non enim enascitur a fundo cotyles, sed ab illo hiatu aspero ad latus internum cotyles exsculpto, istudque ligamentum medium est inter neruum & cartilaginem, vt neurocartilagineum dici debeat, atque etiam cruentum est, quale spectur illud ligamentum interiectum tibiae & femori, quod est vnicum, latum, non triplex, vt voluit Laurentius.

Translation

[Eng]

Quote p. 514.

On Galen's book «On Bones for Beginners». Comments.

COMMENTARY TO CHAPTER XX. About the shin.

Chapter XXVII.

Each of them has something to observe. First, in the upper part we should note the round head articulated with the hip joint, which Hippocrates in On the Nature of Bones calls the epiphysis, from which emerges the nerve/sinew [Neruus], which connects and strengthens the femur in the acetabulum. Below this is a narrower part called the neck, which extends outward from the acetabulum to leave room for the muscles located in the lower part, as well as for the large veins, arteries, nerves and glands, as well as the branching of the vessels, as Galen says in the book 3 «De vsu partium».

Quote p. 638.

Notes to the anatomical work of Andrea Laurentius.

Ligaments of the thigh and lower leg.

Chapter II, Book 3. He incorrectly describes the ligament, which he calls private [priuatum], emerging from the floor of the acetabulum and attaching to the middle of the femoral head. It does not arise from the floor of the acetabulum, but from this rough hole cut on the inside of the acetabulum, and this ligament is intermediate between the nerve/sinew [neruum], and cartilage [cartilaginem], so it should be called neurocartilaginous/sinewcartilaginous [neurocartilagineum], it also contains blood vessels, like that ligament that connects the tibia and thigh, which is single, broad, and not triple, as Laurentius asserted.

External links

Riolan J. Opera anatomica vetera, recognita, & auctiora, quamplura noua, quorum seriem dabit sequens pagina. Lutetiae Parisiorum: sumptibus Gaspari Meturas viâ Iacobaea, sub signo SS. Trinitatis, prope Maturinenses, MDCXLIX [1649]. [archive.org]

Authors & Affiliations

Jean Riolan the Younger (1580-1657) was French physician, botanist and anatomist, professor of Collège Royal. [wikipedia.org]

Jean Riolan (1626)
Line engraving by M. Lasne after D. Dumontier,
original in the wellcomecollection.org
(CC0 – Public Domain, no changes)

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, anatomy, attachment, synonym, properties

NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7

BLOG CONTENT

SCIENTIFIC SYNONYMS

Comments

4cent.Gothic Bible

About the Book of Genesis of the Gothic Bible (4th century). A Gothic term that may have been used to refer to the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) of an animal and a human. See our commentary at the link: 4cent.Gothic Bible [Rus]. Quote [ Got ] Genesis 32:33 (possible term; original source lost) Translation [Eng] Genesis 32:33 The original text and English translation are currently unavailable to our project. Suggested term: … gabinda ( gabundi) … The closest analogue is in the Epistle to the Colossians 2:19 — jah ni habands haubiþ, us þammei all leik þairh gawissins jah gabindos auknando jah þeihando wahseiþ du wahstau gudis. — καὶ οὐ κρατῶν τὴν κεφαλήν , ἐξ οὗ πᾶν τὸ σῶμα διὰ τῶν ἁφῶν καὶ συνδέσμων ἐπιχορηγούμενον καὶ συμβιβαζόμενον αὔξει τὴν αὔξησιν τοῦ θεοῦ . — And not holding the Head, from which all the body by joints and bands having nourishment ministered, and knit together, increaseth with the increase of God. (original source: wulfila.be ; Codex Ambrosianus? Milan, Bi

2018FreitasA_BandeiraVC

The authors reported a case of open hip dislocation and documented avulsion of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) from the acetabulum. The injured LCF appeared as a large cord-like structure, attached to the femoral head ( Fig. 1 ). Perhaps Hippocrates of Kos saw such an LCF in open dislocation of the hip and described it in his treatise «Mochlicus» ( 1886AdamsF ). One year later, the patient's x-ray revealed a significant narrowing of the joint space in the upper part of the hip joint ( Fig. 9 ). In our opinion, this to be a consequence of hyaline cartilage wear due to overload in the absence of LCF. In an unaffected hip joint, the width of the radiological joint space at the upper section than in the lower section ( Ossification of the LCF ). When examined one year after the injury, the patient could stand on one leg. We noticed that his body was excessively deviated towards the supporting hip joint, and the opposite half of the pelvis was elevated ( Fig. 8 ). This is a me

1875BrauneW

We present a study dedicated to the experimental investigation of the function of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). Wilhelm Braune established that the LCF prevents hip supination and adduction, especially during flexion. In the conclusion of the study, the author writes: "It also remains to determine in which body movements this ligament function plays a role, as it is currently unclear why the femur requires a special fixing device…". Apparently, Wilhelm Braune did not have time to find the answer, since his outstanding monograph on LCF does not say a word ( Braune W, Fischer O. Der Gang des Menschen (1895 books.google ) . Based on our own experiments on mechanical models and research, we believe that adduction and supination of the hip, along with flexion, are observed at the beginning of the single-support period of the step. At this moment, tension occurs in the LCF, allowing to reduce the load on the upper segment of the femoral head. The LCF is also stretched in

927-942Arabic Bible

Fragment of the Book of Bereshit translated into Arabic by Saadia Gaon ( 927-942 ) . The Arabic text contains mentioned to ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) of an animal and a human. See our commentary at the link: 927-942ArabicBible [Rus]. Quote [ a ra] التكوين 32:32 (original source: 1653WaltonB, p. 145) See also modern editions: لذلك لا يأكل بنو اسرائيل عرق النّسا الذي على حقّ الفخذ الى هذا اليوم . لانه ضرب حقّ فخذ يعقوب على عرق النّسا (original source: arabicbible.com ) لِذَلِكَ لا يَاكُلُ بَنُو اسْرَائِيلَ عِرْقَ النَّسَا الَّذِي عَلَى حُقِّ الْفَخِْذِ الَى هَذَا الْيَوْمِ لانَّهُ ضَرَبَ حُقَّ فَخْذِ يَعْقُوبَ عَلَى عِرْقِ النَّسَا (original source: copticchurch.net ) Translation [Eng] Genesis 32:32 Translation of the text is currently unavailable for our project. The term for the LCF: النّسا ~ sciatica ( see also: 70-110Rufus Ephesius ; 180-238PolluxJ ) Saʻadia ben Joseph . Pentateuch ( 1600) , p. 1 ( original: digital.library.yu.edu ) External links Saʻadia

2016ArkhipovaAS Classification of Joints with Flexible Elements.

Classification of Joints with Flexible Elements The classification of joints with flexible elements was first proposed by A.S. Arkhipova in 2016 and presented at conferences in 2016-2017 ( 2017АрхиповаАС ). Joints with flexible elements are divided by the author into detachable and non-detachable, three-axis, two-axis, and single-axis. Each can contain in various combinations one or more external and internal flexible elements - analogs of joint ligaments, including the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). Conditional designations of joints with flexible elements using the example of a ball joint: Detachable ball joint with an internal flexible element Non-detachable ball joint with an internal flexible element Detachable ball joint with an external flexible element Non-detachable ball joint with an external flexible element Detachable ball joint with both internal and external flexible elements Non-detachable ball joint with both internal and external flexible elements Flexible e

1879MorrisH

Fragments of the book Morris H. The anatomy of the joints of man (1879) dedicated to ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). The author discusses the anatomy of the LCF and describes his experiments to study its movement. Quote p p . 318-319 The acetabulum is partly articular, partly non-articular. The articular portion is of horseshoe shape, and extends inwards from the margin, more or less. It is altogether deficient at the cotyloid notch, which corresponds with the gap of the horseshoe. It is the widest at the iliac part, where it is over one inch from without inwards; then it very gradually gets narrower along the ischium, but widens out again at the ischial end of the cotyloid notch ; forwards from the pubo-iliac suture it narrows more rapidly, and does not extend quite up to the pubic end of the cotyloid notch. At its narrowest point in an adult bone it measures half an inch in width. When coated with cartilage, and fringed round with the cotyloid ligament, it fits very closel

DIAGNOSTICS AND EXAMINATION

DIAGNOSTICS AND EXAMINATION (Diagnostic, examination and testing methods... ) Catalog. LCF Pathology Tests Tests for the detection of pathology LCF. 2004VialleR_GlorionC The article discusses the examination technique for dislocation of the femur and describes the radiographic symptom of infringement of the damaged LCF. BLOG CONTENT

150-250Targum Jonathan

Fragments from the Targum Jonathan on Genesis. Tractate was written between about 150 - 250 in lend of Israel. The text is a combination of a translation and commentary on the book of Bereshit. The unknown compiler mentions ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in an animal and an episode of its damage in a human. See our commentary at the link: 150-250Targum Jonathan [Rus]. Quote 1. [Heb] Genesis. 32:33 (original source: sefaria.org ) Quote 2. [Heb] Genesis. 43:16 (original source: sefaria.org ) Translation Quote 1. [Eng] Genesis. 32:33 Therefore, the sons of Israel eat not the sinew which shrank, which is in the hollow of the thigh of cattle and of wild animals, until this day; because the Angel touched and laid hold of the hollow of the right thigh of Jakob, in the place of the sinew which shrank. (Transl. by J.W. Etheridge (186 2 ) ; original source: targum.info ) Quote 2. [Eng] Genesis. 43:16 And Joseph saw Benjamin with them: and he said to Menasheh whom he had made superintende

1679DiemerbroeckI

Fragments from the book Diemerbroeck I. Anatome corporis humani (1679). The author describes the pathology variants, function, topography and attachment of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). The damage to the LCF in hip dislocation, symptoms and treatment are discussed. The text is similar to a paraphrase of Hegetor's work «On Causes» and Galen of Pergamon's commentary on Hippocrates' treatise «On Joints» ( 1745CocchiA ; 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV ). Isbrand van Diemerbroeck uses many synonyms for LCF: nervus cartilaginosus, terete, teres, rotundum ligamentum, interius ligamentum. Quote p. 593. [Lat] CAPUT XIX. De Ossibus Femoris, & Cruris. Superius procesum crassum, versus coxendicis os prominentem, eique epiphyin rotundam & amplam impositam habet, sicque globosum femoris caput, valida cervice subnixum, constituit, quod cartilagine obductum in coxendicis acetabulum reconditur, in eoque duobus validis ligamentis detinetur: uno lato, crasso, & membranoso,

2014ArkhipovaAS

In 2014, at the International Olympics Space for school students, Alexandra Arkhipova presented a report on the feasibility of using joints with flexible elements in walking machines. The author was recognized as the overall winner (more details: cyclowiki.org ). The report suggested: «An important area of possible application of walking robots would be remote exploration of other planets». Ten years later, professionals from NASA began to put this idea into practice: Robot dog trains to walk on Moon in Oregon trials (more details: bbc.com ). Below we present the text of the first message about walking machines in space, the ball joint of which contains a flexible element - an analogue of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). Mobile biomorphic platforms with analogues of natural locomotion algorithms Arkhipova A.S. For ten years of its mission, American wheeled Mars rover vehicle 'Opportunity' covered just 40 kilometers through the Red Planet, and its twin Spirit go

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