1649RiolanJ

Fragments from the book Riolan J. Opera anatomica (1649). The author discusses the areas of attachment of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), physical properties and mentions several rare synonyms (neruus, priuatum, neurocartilagineum). In particular, the author chooses the unusual term «neurocartilagineum, which is mentioned by 1880HyrtlJ and 1803SchregerCHT. It should be noted that the translation «neurocartilaginous» would be incorrect, since Jean Riolan implies «sinew» rather than «nerve». In quoting Hippocrates, the author is clearly mistaken, since the LCF is described in the treatise on «Mochlicus» (Instruments of Reductions). In some cases, we have added links to quotations about LCF available on our resource, as well as to publications posted on the Internet.

Quote p. 514.

[Lat]

In librum Galeni De ossibus ad tyrones commentaries.

Commentarius in caput XX. De crure.

Caput XXVII.

In vnoquoque quaedam obseruanda veniunt. Ac primum in superiore notari debet Caput rotundum coxendici articulatum, quod Hippocrati, lib. de Ossibuum natura, epiphiysis est, ex qua nascitur Neruus, qui Femur acetabulo colligat & adstringit. Huic substrata pars gracilior Ceruix dicitur, quae acetabulo foris extrorsum abscedit, vt musculis inferna parte collocandis, itemque magnis venis, arteriis, neruis & glandulis vasorum diuifionibus praepositis locum relioqueret, in quit Gelenus, lib. 3. de vsu partium.

Quote p. 638.

[Lat]

Animadversiones in opus anatomicum Andreae Laurentij.

Ligamenta Femoris et Tibia.

Cap. II. lib.3. Non rect describit ligamentum, quod appellat priuatum, a cotyles fundo in medium femoris caput productum. Non enim enascitur a fundo cotyles, sed ab illo hiatu aspero ad latus internum cotyles exsculpto, istudque ligamentum medium est inter neruum & cartilaginem, vt neurocartilagineum dici debeat, atque etiam cruentum est, quale spectur illud ligamentum interiectum tibiae & femori, quod est vnicum, latum, non triplex, vt voluit Laurentius.

Translation

[Eng]

Quote p. 514.

On Galen's book «On Bones for Beginners». Comments.

COMMENTARY TO CHAPTER XX. About the shin.

Chapter XXVII.

Each of them has something to observe. First, in the upper part we should note the round head articulated with the hip joint, which Hippocrates in On the Nature of Bones calls the epiphysis, from which emerges the nerve/sinew [Neruus], which connects and strengthens the femur in the acetabulum. Below this is a narrower part called the neck, which extends outward from the acetabulum to leave room for the muscles located in the lower part, as well as for the large veins, arteries, nerves and glands, as well as the branching of the vessels, as Galen says in the book 3 «De vsu partium».

Quote p. 638.

Notes to the anatomical work of Andrea Laurentius.

Ligaments of the thigh and lower leg.

Chapter II, Book 3. He incorrectly describes the ligament, which he calls private [priuatum], emerging from the floor of the acetabulum and attaching to the middle of the femoral head. It does not arise from the floor of the acetabulum, but from this rough hole cut on the inside of the acetabulum, and this ligament is intermediate between the nerve/sinew [neruum], and cartilage [cartilaginem], so it should be called neurocartilaginous/sinewcartilaginous [neurocartilagineum], it also contains blood vessels, like that ligament that connects the tibia and thigh, which is single, broad, and not triple, as Laurentius asserted.

External links

Riolan J. Opera anatomica vetera, recognita, & auctiora, quamplura noua, quorum seriem dabit sequens pagina. Lutetiae Parisiorum: sumptibus Gaspari Meturas viâ Iacobaea, sub signo SS. Trinitatis, prope Maturinenses, MDCXLIX [1649]. [archive.org]

Authors & Affiliations

Jean Riolan the Younger (1580-1657) was French physician, botanist and anatomist, professor of Collège Royal. [wikipedia.org]

Jean Riolan (1626)
Line engraving by M. Lasne after D. Dumontier,
original in the wellcomecollection.org
(CC0 – Public Domain, no changes)

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, anatomy, attachment, synonym, properties

NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7

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2025ArkhipovSV. Human Children

The monograph Arkhipov S.V. Human Children: The Origins of Biblical Legends from a Physician's Perspective. An essay with references to interactive materials. 2nd revised and expanded edition. Joensuu: Author's Edition, 2025. [In Russian]. The monograph dates the writing of the Book of Genesis and the events depicted in it, as well as refutes the authorship of Moses. I offer mutually beneficial cooperation (50/50) in literary translation into English or native language. Proofreading of machine translation and cooperation in editing are expected. Requirements for co-author: 1. Native speaker 2. Experience as a writer. E-mail: archipovsv(&)gmail.com Annotation The first version of the Book of Genesis appeared in Ancient Egypt approximately 3,600 years ago, during the Hyksos period. The work was conceived as a fairy tale epic. An unknown physician-encyclopedist, who is also presumed to have authored the Edwin Smith Papyrus, played a role in its composition...

ILIOTIBIAL TRACT & LCF

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1836WeberW_WeberE

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1922LeeserI

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At our request, the language model ChatGPT, prepared to assist in the analysis and editing of texts by OpenAI, 2025, wrote a review of the article by Arkhipov SV. Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective: A Note on the Mysterious ‘Dark Matter’ in the Hip Joint ([Ru] Архипов СВ . Почему восстановление вертлужной губы может быть неэффективно?: Заметка о таинственной «темной материи» в тазобедренном суставе. 06.04.2025 ). The original article was reviewed and edited based on the recommendations of Grok , an artificial intelligence developed by xAI. In accordance with the comments of both reviewers, the article was corrected and published. Below is the original text of the review by ChatGPT: Scientific Review and Critical Commentary On the article: “Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective: A Note on the Mysterious ‘Dark Matter’ in the Hip Joint” Author: S.V. Arkhipov, Independent Researcher, Joensuu, Finland I. Scientific...

LCF Mechanics

Ligamentum Capitis Femoris Mechanics Announcement: A new scientific direction « Ligamentum Capitis Femoris Mechanics» has been formed. Definition: A section of physiology that develops issues of applying the doctrine of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), its movements and forces to solving medical and biological problems. Synonyms: LCF Mechanics Ligamentum Capitis Femoris Mechanics Ligament of the Head of Femur Mechanics L igamentum Teres Femoris Mechanics Round Ligament of Femur Mechanics Postulates of LCF biomechanics: Strong, flexible, and non-stretchable with specific attachment points. Limits adduction, rotation, and cranial displacement of the femur. Shunts load on the femoral head and the abductor muscle group of the hip joint. Ensures rhythmicity, symmetry, and energy efficiency of walking. The foundation of Ligamentum Capitis Femoris Mechanics is laid by the work of physicians, physicists, anatomists, and physiologists over the pa...

Set of Classifications

General Classification of LCF Pathology Version : 20240420 Annotation Analysis of literature data and our own morphological observations allowed us to propose a General Classification of LCF Pathology. Introduction In Russia, the initial attempts to classify pathology of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) were made by morphologists. L.I. Gaevskaya distinguished three types of LCF: 1) long and thick (length 41–51 mm, thickness 5 mm), 2) short and thin (length 10–20 mm, thickness 1 mm), 3) long and of small thickness (length 43–45 mm, with a thickness of 3 mm, and length 28–30 mm with a thickness of 4–5 mm) (1954 ГаевскаяЛИ ). V.V. Kovanov, A.A. Travin identified three varieties of histological structure of LCF: 1) with a predominance of loose connective tissue; 2) with a predominance of dense connective tissue; 3) with a uniform distribution of loose and dense connective tissue ( 1963 КовановВВ _ ТравинАА ). The development of arthroscopic surgery has made it possible to i...

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