Fragments from the book by Jones Quain (eighth edition): Sharpey W, Thomson A, Schäfer EA (Eds). Quain's elements of anatomy. Vol. 1 (1878), the first edition was published in 1828. The author writes about the anatomy and function of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and mentions several synonyms too.
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| Fig. 145. ARTICULATIONS OF THE PELVIS AND HIP-JOINT, SEEN FROM BEFORE. THE ANTERIOR HALF OF THE CAPSULAR LIGAMENT OF THE LEFT HIP-JOINT HAS BEEN REMOVED, AND THE FEMUR ROTATED OUTWARDS. (A. T.) 1, 1, anterior common ligament of the bodies of the vertebræ passing down to the front of the sacrum and coccyx ; 2, ilio-lumbar ligament ; 3, anterior sacro-iliac ligament ; between 2 and 3, on the right side, the sacro- vertebral ligament is shown, but not with sufficient distinctness ; 4, placed in the great sacro-sciatic foramen, points to the lesser sacro-sciatic ligament ; 5, a portion of the great sciatic ligament ; 6, the anterior ligament of the symphysis pubis ; 7, the obturator membrane ; 8, the capsular ligament of hip-joint the figure is placed on its ilio-femoral band ; 9, the upper part of the divided capsular ligament of the left hip-joint near the place of its attachment to the border of the acetabulum ; 10, placed on the os pubis of the left side above the transverse ligament of the acetabular notch. The head of the femur is withdrawn partially from the socket, so as to show the round ligament stretched from the transverse ligament. |
Quote p. 163
THE
HIP-JOINT.
This is a
large ball and socket joint, in which the globular head of the femur is
received into the acetabulum or cotyloid cavity of the innominate bone. The
articular surface of the acetabulum is formed by a broad riband- shaped
cartilage occupying the upper and outer part, and folded round a depression
which, extending from the notch, is hollowed out in the bottom of the cavity,
and is occupied by delicate adipose tissue covered with synovial membrane, the
so-called synovial or Haversian gland. The articular surface of the femur
presents a little beneath its centre a pit in which the round ligament is
attached.
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| Fig. 147. RIGHT HALF OF A FEMALE PELVIS, SEEN FROM THE INNER SIDE. (A. T.) 1, supraspinous ligaments descending to the sacrum from 2, 2, the lumbar spinous processes ; 3, 4, the lumbar and sacral spinal canal, with its periosteal lining ; 5, placed on the ilium above the anterior sacro-iliac ligament ; 6, placed in the great sacro-sciatic foramen, points to the lesser sacro- sciatic ligament ; 7, greater sacro-sciatic ligament, with 7' , its continuation over the inner border of the tuberosity of the ischium ; 8, a portion of the wall of the cotyloid cavity, removed so as to give a view from the inside of the head of the femur ; 9, the round ligament put upon the stretch, the femur being partially flexed and adducted ; 10, the inner part of the capsular ligament relaxed ; 11 , the shaft of the femur. |
Quote p. 165
The
interarticular or round ligament (ligamentum teres) is a strong fasciculus
surrounded by synovial membrane, implanted by one extremity, which is round,
into the fossa in the head of the femur; by the other, which is broad, flat,
and bifid , into the margins of the cotyloid notch, where its fibres become
blended with those of the transverse ligament. It rests on the fat in the
depression of the acetabulum.
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| Fig. 148. TRANSVERSE OBLIQUE SECTION OF THE PELVIS AND HIP-JOINT, CUTTING THE FIRST SACRAL VERTEBRA AND THE SYMPHYSIS PUBIS IN THEIR MIDDLE, FROM A MALE SUBJECT OF ABOUT NINETEEN YEARS OF AGE. (A. T.) 1 , the first sacral vertebra ; 2, the divided ilium ; 3, the posterior sacro-iliac ligaments ; 4, 4, the sacro-iliac synchondrosis, with a slight separation between the two plates of cartilage ; 5, the anterior sacro-iliac ligament : 6, the lesser sacro-sciatic ligament ; 7, greater sacro- sciatic ligament ; 8, placed in front of the symphysis pubis, in the cut surface of which the small median cavity, the adjacent fibro-cartilaginous plates, and the anterior and posterior ligamentous fibres are shown ; 9, the lower part of the obturator membrane ; 10, the cartilaginous surface of the cotyloid cavity, through the middle of which the incision passes transversely, dividing the round ligament and the synovial fat of the depression ; 11, the cotyloid ligament ; 12, the round ligament connected with the transverse part of the cotyloid ligament ; 13, placed on the cut surface of the head of the left femur near the depression where the round ligament is attached ; 14, 14', the upper and lower parts of the capsular ligament and synovial capsule. |
The
synovial membrane of the joint is reflected from the neck of the femur to the
inner surface of the capsule, thence to the inner surface of the cotyloid
ligament and to the pad of fat in the bottom of the acetabulum, from which it
is further prolonged as a tubular investment upon the round ligament. It
frequently communicates through an opening in the anterior wall of the capsule,
with a synovial bursa placed beneath the tendon of the ilio-psoas muscle.
Movements. The
movements allowed at the hip-joint are extension, flexion , abduction,
adduction , circumduction, and rotation. Extension is limited by the anterior
fibres of the capsular ligament, and the ilio- femoral band: flexion is limited
only by the contact of the neck of the femur with the acetabulum. Abduction is
controlled by the pubo-femoral bands, and by the lower part of the capsule ;
adduction by the ilio-trochanteric band and by the upper part of the capsule.
The round ligament is put upon the stretch when the thigh is partially flexed
and adducted ; it therefore resists dislocation upwards and backwards on the
dorsum ilii , which is, notwithstanding its presence, the most frequent kind of
displacement. The round ligament is also put upon the stretch in the position of
flexion and external rotation. The swinging antero-posterior movement of the
femur, as in walking or running, is effected by rotation of the head of the bone
in the hip-joint. In the erect attitude, as a vertical line passing through the
centre of gravity of the trunk falls behind the centres of rotation in the hip-joints,
the pelvis tends to fall backwards by over extension of the hip-joints, but as
this is prevented by the tightening of the capsule in front, the maintenance of
the erect attitude, without muscular effort, is partly due to this mechanism of
the hip-joint.
External links
Sharpey W, Thomson
A, Schäfer EA (Eds). Quain's elements of anatomy. Vol. 1. New York: W.
Wood & Co., 1878. [books.google ,
Authors & AffiliationsJones Quain (1796-1865) was an Irish anatomist, professor of anatomy and physiology in the University of London. [wikipedia.org]
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| Jones Quain (19th century) Author: Barraud's London, original in the wikimedia.org collection (CC0 – Public Domain, fragment, color correction) |
William Sharpey (1802-1880) was a
Scottish anatomist and physiologist. [wikipedia.org]
Allen Thomson (1809-1884) was a Scottish physician, anatomist
and embryologist. [wikipedia.org]
Edward Albert Sharpey-Schäfer (1850-1935) was a British physiologist.
[wikipedia.org]
Keywords
ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum
teres, ligament of head of femur, anatomy, function, synonym
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MORPHOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY
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