Selected fragments of the treatise
describe the topography, function, geometric and physical properties of the
ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). What is especially noteworthy is that the
author describes one of the symptoms of LCF damage, lameness, and explains its
cause. We find the first ever mention of this symptom in non-scientific
literature in Chapter XXXII of the book Genesis (1922LeeserI, 32:32).
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Colombo MR. Realdi Colvmbi
cremonensis, in almo Gymnasio Romano Anatomici celeberrimi, De re Anatomica
libri XV. Venetiis: Ex Typographia Nicolai Beuilacquae, MDLIX [1559]. [fragments] |
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p. 81 |
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Nam praeter eam cartilaginem, quae
crustae ritu circundatur tam femoris capiti, quam acetabulo: exurgit ex
labris ipsius sinus crassa quaedam, & circularis cartilago, quae
acetabuli capacitatem auget; atque ita complectitur altum femoris caput, vt
ne de sua sede egredi, luxariue tam facile possit. atque vt huiusmodi capitis
insercio firmius in eodem acetabulo resideat; e medio eius incrustatae
appendicis teres, ac validum ligamentum nascitur, quod in medio sinu figitur;
sicq; articulationem hanc alioqui laxam maximopere colligat, continetq;. |
For in addition to the cartilage [of the joint capsule], which surrounds the head of the femur and the acetabulum, there is, at the very edge of this socket, a thick circular cartilage, increasing the capacity of the acetabulum; in this way, it clasps the large head of the femur so that it cannot easily come out of its seat or be dislocated. And in order for the head of the bone to be more firmly held in the acetabulum, from the middle of the protruding cartilage of the head originates an encrusted rounded appendage, giving rise to a strong ligament, which is fixed in the center of the socket; thus it greatly strengthens and supports this otherwise rather loose joint. |
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p. 84 |
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Iccirco natura non modo altiorem insertionem effinxit, & cum profundo acetabulo cartilaginem composuit; vt ipsum adauctum, altiusq; redditum femoris caput facilius susciperet; Verumetiam teretem, ac robustam copulam parauit, quam e sinu quodam non leui in medio pene capitis vertice, magis tamen versus interiora produxit: atque id in acetabuli fundum immittendum curauit vinculi, ac firmamenti validioris gratia. |
Therefore, nature not only created
a deeper attachment, but also added cartilage for the deep acetabulum; so
that it would increase and deepen to better hold the femoral head; it also
prepared a pair for it, a rounded and sturdy ligament, which arises from a
somewhat not smooth depression in the middle of the head, but rather closer
to its inner part, and took care to connect it to the bottom of the
acetabulum, which ensures a stronger connection. |
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p. 108 |
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In articulo femoris cum osse
coxendicis ilei, ac pubis, praeter membraneum quidem vinculum, sed crassum,
quod articulis omnibus commune est, ligamentum videbis teres ac longiusculum,
quod cum a profundo acetabulo ortum ducat, in superius femoris caput insertum
deperditur, idq; roboris ergo; quod dum haec pars laxatur saepenumero
disrumpitur: & quamuis os in locum pristinu redeat, luxatus tamen semper
claudicat: hoc enim ligamentum impedimento est quominus ossa illa cohaereant. |
In the hip joint, at the point of
its connection with the pelvic bones: the ilium and the pubis, in addition to
the membranous ligament common to all joints, you will see a rounded and
elongated ligament, which starts from the depths of the acetabulum and which
connects to the upper part of the head of the femur; this formation is
designed to strengthen the joint. However, when it relaxes, it often tears.
And even if the bone returns to its place, lameness always remains after a
dislocation: this is explained by the fact that the ligament interferes with
the bones rejoining. |
External links
Colombo MR. Realdi Colvmbi cremonensis, in almo Gymnasio Romano Anatomici celeberrimi, De re Anatomica libri XV. Venetiis: Ex Typographia Nicolai Beuilacquae, MDLIX [1559]. [archive.org]
Colombo MR. Realdi Colvmbi cremonensis, in almo Gymnasio Romano Anatomici celeberrimi, De re Anatomica libri XV. Parisiis: A. Wechelum, 1562. [books.google]
Authors & Affiliations
Matteo Realdo Colombo (c. 1515-1559)
was an Italian professor of anatomy and a surgeon at the University of Padua. wikipedia.org
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| Realdo Colombo, anatomy professor at the University of Padua, decribed the pulmonary circulation around the same time as Servetus. Image from article: ElMaghawry M, Zanatta A, Zampieri F. The discovery of pulmonary circulation: From Imhotep to William Harvey. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract. 2014 Jun 18;2014(2):103-16. researchgate.net (CC BY 4.0, color correction) |
Keywords
ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, anatomy, topography, role, symptom, dislocation
.
NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7
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