1858GrayH

Fragments from the book Gray H. Anatomy, descriptive and surgical (1858, first edition). The selected passages of the "classical" anatomy of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and original illustrations of Henry Carter.

Quote p. 81

The cotyloid cavity or acetabulum, is a deep cup-shaped hemispherical depression; formed internally by the pubes, above by the ilium, behind and below by the ischium, a little less than two-fifths being formed by the ilium, a little more than two-fifths by the ischium, and the remaining fifth by the pubes. It is bounded by a prominent uneven rim, which is thick and strong above, and serves for the attachment of a fibro-cartilaginous structure, which contracts its orifice and deepens the surface for articulation. It presents on its inner side a deep notch, the cotyloid notch, which transmits the nutrient vessels into the interior of the joint, and is continuous with a deep circular depression at the bottom of the cavity: this depression is perforated by numerous apertures, lodges a mass of fat, and its margins serve for the attachment of the ligamentum teres. The notch is converted, in the natural state, into a foramen by a dense ligamentous band which passes across it. Through this foramen the nutrient vessels and nerves

Quote p. 111

The head, which is globular, and forms rather more than a hemisphere, is directed upwards, inwards, and a little forwards, the greater part of its convexity being above and in front. Its surface is smooth, coated with cartilage in the recent state, and presents a little behind and below its centre a rough depression, for the attachment of the ligamentum teres.

Fig. 87. — Right Femur. Anterior Surface. [fragment]

Quote p. 170

I. Hip Joint, (fig. 121). This articulation is an enarthrodial, or ball and socket joint, formed by the reception of the globular head of the femur into the cup-shaped cavity of the acetabulum. These two articulating surfaces are covered with cartilage, that on the head of the femur being thicker at the centre than at the circumference, and covering the entire surface with the exception of a depression just below its centre for the ligamentum teres; that covering the acetabulum is much thinner at the centre than at the circumference, and is deficient in the situation of the circular depression at the bottom of this cavity. The ligaments of this joint are the Capsular. Cotyloid. Ilio-femoral. Transverse. Teres. Synovial Membrane.

Fig. 121. — Left Hip-joint laid open.

Quote p. 171

The Ligamentum Teres is a flat triangular band of fibres, implanted by its apex into the depression just below the middle of the head of the femur, and by its broad base, which consists of two bundles of fibres, into the margins of the notch at the bottom of the acetabulum, becoming blended with the transverse ligament. It is formed of a bundle of fibres, the thickness and strength of which is very variable, surrounded by a tubular sheath of synovial membrane. Sometimes the synovial fold only exists, or the ligament may be altogether absent.

External links

Gray H. Anatomy, descriptive and surgical; the drawings by H.V. Carter; the dissections jointly by the author and Dr. Carter. London: J.W. Parker, 1858. [archive.org]

Authors & Affiliations

Henry Gray (1825-1861) was a British anatomist and surgeon. [wikipedia.org]

Henry Gray
Author: H. Pollock, unknown date;
original in the wikimedia.org collection (CC BY 4.0, no changes).

Henry Vandyke Carter (1831-1897) was an English anatomist, surgeon, and anatomical artist. [wikipedia.org]

Henry Vandyke Carter (ca. 1870)
Author: Henry Vandyke Carter;
original in the wikimedia.org collection (CC0 – Public Domain, no changes).

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, anatomy

NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7

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MORPHOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY

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1916WalmsleyT

Article by Walmsley T. A note on the retinacula of Weitbrecht (1916). The author discusses the embryonic development and relationships of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in humans and animals. A NOTE ON THE RETINACULA OF WEITBRECHT. By THOMAS WALMSLEY, M.B., Senior Demonstrator in Anatomy, University of Glasgow. The synovial membrane of the hip-joint is in extent and attachment similar to that of other diarthroses, but the retinacula of Weitbrecht (or ligaments of Stanley) lend to it a special interest. These retinacula are readily recognized on the interior of the capsule as flattened bands passing inwards towards the margin of the head of the femur from the attachment of the peripheral capsule. The following description of their constitution may be selected as expressive of current opinion. The retinacula are arranged in three groups, superior, middle, and inferior: structurally, they are synovial covered capsular reflections: morphologic...

Great Compilation. Chapter 32

English version of the article: Архипов СВ. Книга Берешит как великая компиляция текстов и смыслов Второго переходного периода Египта: пилотная культурологическая, медицинская, археологическая и текстологическая экспертиза преданий против традиционной атрибуции. Введение. О круглой связке бедра . 14.02.2026 . The text in Russian is available at the following link: 2026АрхиповСВ . The Book of Genesis as a Great Compilation of Texts and Meanings from the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt: A Pilot Culturological, Medical, Archaeological, and Textological Examination of the Legends versus Traditional Attribution. Chapter 32 By Sergey V. Arkhipov, MD, PhD CONTENT [i] Abstract [ii] Book of Genesis. Chapter 32 Analysis [iii] Notes to Chapter 32 [iv] AI Agent's Conclusion [v] Content [vi] External links [vii] Application [i] Abstract The Book of Genesis (Bereshith) was compo...

Who, When, and Where Wrote the Book of Genesis?

Who, When, and Where Wrote the Book of Genesis? A Medical Hypothesis By Sergey V. Arkhipov, MD, PhD & Lyudmila N. Arkhipova, BSN CONTENT [i] Abstract [ii] Introduction [iii] Egyptian physician [iv] Asian diviner [v] Conclusion [vi] References [vii] Application [i] Abstract The Book of Genesis is an example of an ancient literary text that contains important medical insights. We propose that it was written in northern Egypt in the late 17th century BCE, approximately ten years after the Minoan eruption. The protograph likely emerged from the collaboration between an Asiatic seer, who rose to the rank of an Egyptian official, and an Egyptian physician-encyclopedist. By refining its dating and authorship, this hypothesis positions Genesis as a credible source of medical and historical data, thereby enhancing its value for interdisciplinary research. [ii] Introduction According to Rabbinic Judais...

LCF in 2026 (August)

LCF in 2026 (August ) (Quotes from articles and books published in August 2026 mentioning the ligamentum capitis femoris) Maldonado, D. R., Schab, A. R., & Domb, B. G. (2026). Improvement in Patient‐Reported Outcomes, High Rate of Return to Sport, and Secondary Surgery Rate Ranging From 0% to 9.8% After Hip Arthroscopy in Dancers and Athletes in Flexibility Sports: A Systematic Review. Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation , e70020. [i] arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com Klingele, K., & Strub, D. (2026). Author Response: Considerations and Challenges in Open Reduction With Ligamentum Teres Reconstruction for Pediatric Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics . [ii] ovid.com Quesada‐Jimenez, R., Rana, K., Strok, M. J., Kahana‐Rojkind, A. H., Burt, A. K., Sugarman, E. P., & Domb, B. G. (2026). Dual Labral and Ligamentum Ter...

1991FussFK_BacherA

Abstract and citation of the article Fuss FK, Bacher A. New aspects of the morphology and function of the human hip joint ligaments (1991). The authors suggest that ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) is unable to exert a restricting function, despite reaching a state of tension in extreme adduction. Quote 1. Abstract The capsular ligaments of the human hip joint were submitted to exact morphological analysis, and they proved to be multiple and numerous. We have described various ligamentous systems and their interconnections, and have suggested new terminologies and systematics. The ligaments were subjected to functional analysis by means of measuring strips to determine the positions in which the ligaments are taut. The ligament systems were all found to serve a restrictive function, and various parts of the apparatus restricted all possible movements in the hip joint. Extension is restricted by the medial iliofemoral complex, abduction by the pubofemoral ligament, and addu...

18th Century

18th Century Catalog of archived publications of the specified period 1700-1709 1705PetitJL The author writes about anatomy, role, and damage of the LCF in hip dislocation. 1705RuyschF The author describes the anatomical preparation containing the LCF, notes its areas of attachment, geometric and mechanical properties. 1706PolluxJ The author refers to LCF as "νεῦρον" and also points out the synonym "ἰσχίον". 1709PetitJL The author discusses the anatomy, role and damage of the LCF in hip dislocation, and also mentions the principle of treatment. 1710-1719 1715MunnicksJ The author describes the attachment, shape, role of the LCF, and discusses subluxation of the hip. 1717HermannD The author indicates the distal area of attachment of the LCF and uses a rare synonym. 1720-1729 1720RuyschF The author draws attention to the well-developed blood supply of the acetabular fossa, as well as the ...

Factors Causing of LCF Pathology

Version : 20240418 Factors leading to pathology of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), acting directly or indirectly. FACTORS CAUSING OF LCF PATHOLOGY 1. Mechanical (damage with a blunt or sharp object, direct, indirect impact) 2. Temperature (action of high or low temperature) 3. Chemical (exposure to alkalis, acids) 4. Infectious (local process, disease of the whole body) 5. Radiation (X-rays, gamma radiation, particle streams) 6. Medicinal (exposure to medications and their breakdown products) 7. Barometric (low or high atmospheric pressure, such as decompression sickness) 8. Mental (behavioral disorders: chronic, episodic, for example, intoxication, suicide) 9. Neurological (damage to the brain, peripheral nerves) 10. Malignant tumor process (destruction by the primary tumor or metastasis) 11. Benign tumor process (destruction by tumor, compression) 12. Biological (endocrine diseases, genetic abnormalities) Keywords: ligamentum capitis...

Topography of the Acetabular Canal

Version : 20250728 Topography of the Acetabular Canal Side Femoral (lateral) Pelvic (medial) Contents Synovial fluid Ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) White adipose tissue Loose connective tissue Synovial membrane Transverse acetabular ligament Arteries Veins Nerves Lymphatic vessels Sections Peripheral section Central section Subsynovial section Suprasynovial section Peripheral Section Entrance foramen -- Upper edge -- Lower edge -- Anterior edge -- Posterior edge External segment (subligamentous) - Superior wall - Inferior wall - Posterior wall - Anterior wall Internal segment (extraligamentous) - Subsynovial part (tier) -- Superior wall -- Inferior wall -- Posterior wall -- Anterior wall - Suprasinovial part (tier) -- Superior wall -- Inferior wall -- Posterior wall -- Anterior wall Central Section Iliac recess Ischial recess Subsynovial part (tier) - Outer margin - Medial wall - Lateral wall - Anteroinferior wall - Posteroinferior wall - Supra...

Great Compilation. Chapter 41

English version of the article: Архипов СВ. Книга Берешит как великая компиляция текстов и смыслов Второго переходного периода Египта: пилотная культурологическая, медицинская, археологическая и текстологическая экспертиза преданий против традиционной атрибуции. Введение. О круглой связке бедра . 14.02.2026 . The text in Russian is available at the following link: 2026АрхиповСВ . The Book of Genesis as a Great Compilation of Texts and Meanings from the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt: A Pilot Culturological, Medical, Archaeological, and Textological Examination of the Legends versus Traditional Attribution. Chapter 41 By Sergey V. Arkhipov, MD, PhD CONTENT [i] Abstract [ii] Book of Genesis. Chapter 41 Analysis [iii] Notes to Chapter 41 [iv] AI Agent's Conclusion [v] Content [vi] External links [vii] Application [i] Abstract The Book of Genesis (Bereshith) was compo...

1605BauhinC

Fragment from the book Bauhin C. Theatrum anatomicum (1605). The author writes about the attachment, function, possible elongation and damage of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). Lameness after dislocation is mentioned and its cause is explained. In the margins of the page are references to the works of other authors Vesalius , Laurens , Arch ang ( Archangelo Piccolomini ??? ) . Quote p. 1244. Liber IV. DE LIGAMENTIS OSSIS ILII & sacri et que in toto pede habentur. CAP. XXXIX. Femur, coxendicis articulo duplici ligamento nectitur; altero communi membrane, articulum orbiculatim ambit, quod Græci [ischos], totius articuli nomine vocarunt; quod cætera, articulos ambientia crassitie, duritie, & robore su perat, cum articulus hic corpus totum sustinere & motus validos perferre debuerit. Hoc articulo & femoris ceruici accumbit & solum radici magni processus orbiculatim adnascitur, quo motus capitis ipsius femoris non impediantur. Alterum ipsius ligamentum teres...

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