Skip to main content

1698CowperW

 

Fragments from the book Cowper W. The anatomy of humane bodies (1698). The author writes about the anatomy and attachment of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). The monograph points to the function of the LCF: to reduce compression of the femoral head and upper part of the acetabulum during walking and running.


Quote 1.

THE SEVENTY-FOURTH TABLE.

I, The Head of the Os Femoris lying out of the Acetabulum, after the Ligamentum Latum is cut off

k, The Round Ligament of the Os Femoris which is Fasten’d to the Inferior Part or Margin of the Acetabulum; whereby the Great Atrition of the Superior Part of the Acetabulum, with the Head of the Os Femoris, is prevented in Walking, Running, and the like Actions.

l, The Mucilaginous Gland Entertain’d in a particular Depressure in the Bottom and Lower Part of the Acetabulum; whereby the too Great and often Compressure of the Mucilage in Ordinary Motions of the Thigh, is Prevented.

m, Some Remains of the Mucilaginous Glands on the Neck of the Os Femoris, near the Conjunction of the Ligamentum Latum; which is here taken off, to shew the Head of the Thigh-Bone and Acetabulum of the Os Coxendicis.




Quote 2.

THE NINETY-NINTH TABLE.

Fig. 2.

The External Convext Surface of the Os Innominatum:

ABB, Its Cavity, wherein the Head of the Os Femoris is receiv’d, call’d Acetabulum and Pixis.

A, A Sinus Excavated in the Inferior Part of the Acetabulum, in which the Mucilaginous Gland is plac’d: Vid. Tab. 74.1.

The Ligamentum Rotundum Figur’d Tab. 74. k, Arises from the Lower-part of the Acetabulum towards its External Margin ; whence it passes Upwards to its Termination in the Head of the Os Femoris ; which Disposition of that Ligament, is no small Artifice in Nature, in preventing too great a Coalision of the Superior Part of the Acetabulum with the Head of the Thigh-bone, in Walking, Running, &c. as before Noted.

B B, The External Margin of the Acetabulum, whence the Ligamentum Latum do’s Arise; which Ligament is Implanted in the Neck of the Os Femoris.

C D E, The Dorsurn Ilii.

D Superior, The Spina Ilii.

EE, Divers Precedes towards the Back part of the Ilium, where its other Side, Exprest in the Former Figure D, is join’d with the Sacrum.

F, A Sinus of the Os Ilium, in which the Musculus Piriformis passes towards its Implantation.

G, An Acute Process of the Ischium.

H, An Appendix of the Ischium, to which a Ligament Arising from the Os Sacrum is Fasten’d: From this Appendix the Musculus Quadratus Femoris, and the Muscules Bending the Tibia, do Arise.

I, That Part where the Os Ischium joins with the Os Pubis.

K, The Os Pubis or Pectinis.

L, The Great Foramen of the Ischium and Pubis.

N. B. The Three Bones which Compose the Os Innominatum, all meet and join in the Acetabulum.




Quote 3.

THE HUNDRED & THIRD TABLE.

The Bones of the Inferior Artus or Limbs are Divided into the Thigh, Shank, and Foot.

Fig. I.

The Fore-part of the Left Thigh-bone.

A, The Upper Appendix of the Thigh-bone, call’d its Head, cover’d with a Cartilage, which is receiv’d in the Acetabulum of the Os Innominatum, Tab. 99. Fig. 2. ABB. The Round Ligament Arising from the Inferior Part of the Acetabulum, is Inserted near the Middle of this Head of the Thigh-bone, Fig. 2. B. This Articulation of the Thigh-bone with the Hip-bone, is call’d Enarthrosis.

B, The Trochanter Major, which in Young Bodies Appears join’d with a Cartilage to the Thigh-bone, and is therefore call’d an Epiphysis or Appendix.

C, The Cervix or Neck of the Os Femoris, to which the Ligamentum Latum is Fasten'd.

DE, The Inferior Appendix of the Os Femoris, Framing Two Heads: The Smooth Cartilaginous Surface which Appears between them, receives the Internal Surface of the Patella, Fig. 4.

F, A Sinus whence the Musculus Poplitaeus has its Tendinous Origin.

Fig. 2.

The Posterior Part of the Right Thigh-bone.

A, Its Head.

B, A little Depressure, where the Ligamentum Rotundum is Implanted.

C, The Lesser Trochanter, to which the Muscuius Psoas and Iliacus Internus, are Inserted.

DE, The Two Inferior Heads of the Thigh-bone, which are receiv’d in Two Shallow Depressures, Fram’d by Two Semilunary Cartilages, plac’d on the Superior Part of the Tibia: The Sinus between these Two Heads, receives a small Prominence on the Upper-part of the Tibia, especially in its Flexion: This Articulation of the Thigh with the Tibia, is by Gynglimus.

F, The Great Trochanter, where the Musculus Pyriformis, Marsupialis, Obturator Externus, and Parts of the Glutaei Medii, Minimi, and Quadratics Femoris, are Inserted.

G G, The Linea Aspera, to which Part of the Muscuius Quadratus Femoris, Glutaeus Maximus, and the Greatest Part of the Triceps are Inserted: The Vastus Externus and Internus, do chiefly Arise from the Linea Aspera.

In some Bodies, especially Aged, we find Two Ossa Sesamoidea on the Superior Parts of the Two Lower Heads of the Thigh-bone D E: The Office of which, is to Defend the Bending Tendons of the Tibia from too great a Collision on those Heads of the Bone, which they would else be Subject to: The like Ossification I have more than once Observ’d in the Tendon of the Peroneus Longus, at its Contortion over the Os Calcis towards the Bottom of the Foot.




External links

Cowper W. The anatomy of humane bodies: with figures drawn after the life by some of the best masters in Europe, and curiously engraven in one hundred and fourteen copper plates, illustrated with large explications, containing many new anatomical discoveries, and chirurgical observations: to which is added an introduction explaining the animal oeconomy, with a copious index. Oxford: Printed at the Theater, for Sam. Smith and Benj. Walford, printers to the Royal Society, at the Princes Arms in St. Paul's Church Yard, London, MDCXCVIII [1698]. [archive.org]

Authors & Affiliations

William Cowper (1666-1709) was an English surgeon and anatomist. [wikipedia.org]

William Cowper (1698)

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, anatomy, attachment, role 

                                                                                                                   

NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7


BLOG CONTENT 

MORPHOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Great Compilation. Chapter 15

  English version of the article:  Архипов СВ. Книга Берешит как великая компиляция текстов и смыслов Второго переходного периода Египта: пилотная культурологическая, медицинская, археологическая и текстологическая экспертиза преданий против традиционной атрибуции. Введение.  О круглой связке бедра . 14.02.2026 .  The text in Russian is available at the following link:  2026АрхиповСВ .    The Book of Genesis as a Great Compilation of Texts and Meanings from the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt: A Pilot Culturological, Medical, Archaeological, and Textological Examination of the Legends versus Traditional Attribution.  Chapter 15   By Sergey V. Arkhipov, MD, PhD   CONTENT [i]   Abstract [ii]   Book of Genesis. Chapter 15 Analysis [iii]   Notes to Chapter 15 [iv]   AI Agent's Conclusion [v]   Content [vi]   External links [vii]   Application [i]   Abstract The Book of Genesis (Bereshith) was compo...

Great Compilation. Chapter 3

       English version of the article:  Архипов СВ. Книга Берешит как великая компиляция текстов и смыслов Второго переходного периода Египта: пилотная культурологическая, медицинская, археологическая и текстологическая экспертиза преданий против традиционной атрибуции. Введение.  О круглой связке бедра . 14.02.2026 .  The text in Russian is available at the following link:  2026АрхиповСВ .    The Book of Genesis as a Great Compilation of Texts and Meanings from the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt: A Pilot Culturological, Medical, Archaeological, and Textological Examination of the Legends versus Traditional Attribution. Chapter 3   By Sergey V. Arkhipov, MD, PhD   CONTENT [i]   Abstract [ii]   Book of Genesis. Chapter 3 Analysis [iii]   Notes to Chapter 3 [iv]   AI Agent's Conclusion [v]   Content [vi]   External links [vii]   Application [i]   Abstract The Book of Genesis (Beresh...

1882ReevesHA

  Fragments from the book Reeves HA. Human Morphology: A Treatise on Practical and Applied Anatomy. Vol. 1. (1882). The author describes the anatomy of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and its role.   Quote pp. 451 - 452 By arrangement with the dissector of the abdomen, who will be interested in the observation, the student should carefully trephine or chisel out a small piece from the roof of the acetabulum in order to observe what has already been stated with regard to the capsule, and also to note how the ligamentum teres is affected with regard to its tension or laxity in the various movements of the joint. He may also try to inject into the joint some warm tallow so as to note if there be any hernial protrusions or projections of the synovial membrane between the layers of the capsule, or whether the synovial membrane of the joint communicates with any of the neighbouring bursæ, more especially with the psoas bursa. FIG 336. RIGHT HIP JOINT OPENED. The femur is pu...

13c.Soligalich

   Soligalich , icon, Jacob wrestling with the angel ( 13 cent. ).   Depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Ja cob wa s left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank.  ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work:  Ninth month, eleventh day   ( 2024 АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ).     Soligalich  – Jacob Wrestling with the Angel ( 13 cent. ); original in the  leonovval...

LCF in 2025 (November)

  LCF in 2025 ( November )   (Quotes from articles and books published in  November  2025 mentioning the ligamentum capitis femoris)   Awad, A., Rizk, A., ElAlfy, M., Hamed, M., Abdelghany, A. M., Mosbah, E., ... & Karrouf, G. (2025). Synergistic Effects of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and Platelet Rich Fibrin on Femoral Head Avascular Necrosis Repair in a Rat Model.  Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials ,  113 (11), e35672.    [i]    onlinelibrary.wiley.com   Loughzail, M. R., Aguenaou, O., Fekhaoui, M. R., Mekkaoui, J., Bassir, R. A., Boufettal, M., ... & Lamrani, M. O. (2025). Posterior Fracture–Dislocation of the Femoral Head: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.  Sch J Med Case Rep ,  10 , 2483-2486.     [ii]    saspublishers.com  ,  saspublishers.com   Vertesich, K., Noebauer-Huhmann, I. M., Schreiner, M., Schneider, E., Willegger...

LCF in 2026 (February)

  L CF in 2026 ( February )   (Quotes from articles and books published in  February   2026 mentioning the ligamentum capitis femoris)   Longoni, A., Major, G. S., Arnold, S., Tomkins, S., Spessot, E., Loeffler, S., ... & Lim, K. S. (2026). Characterization of an Injectable Poly (vinyl alcohol)‐gelatin Hydrogel for Growth Factor Delivery in an Orthopedic Application.  Advanced healthcare materials , e04224.   [i]    advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com   Patil, A. Y., Babhulkar, S., Kimmatkar, N., Apte, A., Kadu, A., & Sonegaonkar, A. Anterior Trans-Muscular Approach to Hip (AP’s Access).  SVOA Orthopaedics 2026 ,   6 (1), 28-41.     [ii]     sciencevolks.com   Zhou, R., Bian, Y., Cai, X., Sun, H., Lv, Z., Xu, Y., ... & Weng, X. (2026). Advances in the mechanism for steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head.  Bone Research ,   14 (1), 23.    [iii]  ...

LCF in 2024 (July)

  Publications about the  LCF  in  July 2024 Salas, A. P., Lara-Albisua, J. L. P., Taffinder-Villarreal, D. S., & Mazek, J. (2024). Postless Hip Arthroscopy for Labrum Reconstruction and Labrum Augmentation. Arthroscopy Techniques , 103092. [i] arthroscopytechniques.org , sciencedirect.com   Mat, C. M. H. B. C., Sulaiman, A. R., & Noor, N. M. (2024). Early Versus Late Fixation of Paediatric Femoral Neck Fractures: A systematic review and meta-analysis. [ii]   opendata.usm.my   Mishima, K., Kamiya, Y., Sawamura, K., Matsushita, M., & Imagama, S. (2024). Gradual Reduction Using Overhead Traction for Late-Detected Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: A Report of Three Cases Diagnosed Among Children Over Four Years Old.  Cureus , 16 (7).   [iii]   assets.cureus.com   Siebenrock, K. A., Steppacher, S. D., Ziebarth, K., Schwab, J. M., & Büchler, L. (2024). Modified Dunn Procedure for Open Reduction of Chronic S...

BLOG CONTENT

  T he ligament of the head of femur or ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) is the key to a graceful gait and understanding the causes of hip joint diseases. We present promising scientific knowledge necessary for preserving health,  to create new implants and techniques  of treating degenerative  pathology and damage of the hip joint. Project objective : preserving a normal gait and quality of life, helping to study of hip joint biomechanics, developing effective treatments for its diseases and injuries. In translating to English, the author is assisted by ChatGPT (version 3.5)  and the Google Translate service .  We're sorry for any flaws in the syntax. The meaning makes up for the imperfections!     TABLES OF CONTENTS    Acetabular Canal   (Anatomy, topography and significance of the functioning area of ​​the ligamentum capitis femoris) Acetabular Canal.  Part 1.   This article describes the space where the ligam...

Great Compilation. Chapter 20

   English version of the article:  Архипов СВ. Книга Берешит как великая компиляция текстов и смыслов Второго переходного периода Египта: пилотная культурологическая, медицинская, археологическая и текстологическая экспертиза преданий против традиционной атрибуции. Введение.  О круглой связке бедра . 14.02.2026 .  The text in Russian is available at the following link:  2026АрхиповСВ .    The Book of Genesis as a Great Compilation of Texts and Meanings from the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt: A Pilot Culturological, Medical, Archaeological, and Textological Examination of the Legends versus Traditional Attribution.  Chapter 20   By Sergey V. Arkhipov, MD, PhD   CONTENT [i]   Abstract [ii]   Book of Genesis. Chapter 20 Analysis [iii]   Notes to Chapter 20 [iv]   AI Agent's Conclusion [v]   Content [vi]   External links [vii]   Application [i]   Abstract The Book of Genesis (Bereshith) was...

1650StellaJ

  Stella J, painting – Jacob Wresting with the Angel (1650).  Depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day.  26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank.  ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work:  Ninth month, eleventh day  ( 2024АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ). Jacques Stella – Jacob Wresting with the Angel (1650); original in the  collezionegalleriaborghese.it   coll...