Skip to main content

MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS

 

MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS

(Erroneous and folkloric beliefs, folk and traditional stories...) 


    • LCF in English Bibles The first written mention of the LCF in humans is found in the ancient Hebrew book – Bereshit (Genesis). In English translations of the Bible, LCF is denoted by various terms, often not explicitly referring to the «ligament». 
    • The Shortest Comments on Genesis, Chap. XXXII-XXXIII In the selected excerpt, the symptoms, mechanism, and differential diagnostic test for the injury to LCF are provided, along with details about the circumstances, time, and place of the biblical trauma. 
    • 1609-1583bcProtoBereshit Hypothesis: in the work of fiction, an unknown physician-encyclopedist for the first time pointed out damage to the LCF as a cause of gait disturbance. 
    • 922-722bcElohist A variant of the oldest description of damage to the LCF and the cause of lameness in Hebrew, dating from 922-722 BC. 
    • 8cent.bcHomer The poet describes an open hip fracture-dislocation, which is usually accompanied by damage to the LCF.
    • 650-570bcJeremiah_Baruch The editors of the book of Bereishit mention the LCF of the animal. 
    • 5-2cent.bcSamaritan Pentateuch The Samaritan text contains references to the LCF of an animal and a human. 
    • 445bсEzra An extreme Hebrew version of a passage from the Book of Bereshit mentioning the LCF of an animal and a human. 
    • 3-1cent.bcSeptuaginta The text in ancient Greek contains references to the LCF of an animal and a human. 
    • 0cent.4Q158.1-2. Fragments of the Dead Sea Scroll, which previously contained the text of Genesis 32 with a mention of LCF.
    • 50-135Akiva ben Joseph The rabbi mentions the LCF of the animal. 
    • 80-110Eliezer ben Hyrcanus The author indicates the location of the LCF and describes its injury. 
    • 80-120Targum Onkelos The Aramaic text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
    • 93-94JosephusF The author mentions LCF in an animal and an episode of its damage in a human. 
    • 1-2cent.Vetus Latina The oldest Latin text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
    • 2cent.Mur1. A fragment of the Dead Sea Scroll containing the text of the final part of the 32nd chapter of the Book of Genesis with a mention of LCF.
    • 1-3cent.Peshitta The Syriac text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
    • 135-170Yehudah ben Ilai The religious scholar points out the distal attachment site of the LCF and demonstrates knowledge of the possibility of its injury. 
    • 150-250Targum Jonathan The mentions ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in an animal and an episode of its damage in a human.
    • 165-257Shmuel Babylonian physician demonstrates knowledge of LCF injury, identifies topography and distal attachment site. 
    • 190-230Mishnah Chullin Selected quotations discuss the presence of LCF in different animals, its location and distal attachment site. 
    • 200Mekilta de-Rabbi Yishmael The passage we have chosen mentions the LCF of the animal. 
    • 2-3cent.Coptic Bible The Coptic text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
    • 220-299Yehuda ben Yechezkel The religious scholar points out the location of the LCF in animals and distinguishes it from the sciatic nerve. 
    • 220-320Kahana The rabbi points out the location of the LCF and knows how to differentiate it from the sciatic nerve. 
    • 250-350Sifra The passage we have chosen mentions the LCF of the animal.
    • 280-352Rava The rabbi identifies the location and distal attachment site of the LCF and demonstrates knowledge of its function. 
    • 290-320Chisda The religious scholar indirectly mentions LCF. 
    • 320-350Abun bar Ḥiyya The rabbi notes the presence of LCF in the even-toed ungulate - the deer.
    • 320-350Aha The rabbi points out the location of the LCF and knows how to differentiate it from the sciatic nerve. 
    • 375-425Jerusalem Talmud The rabbis discuss the presence of LCF in different animals.
    • 375-425Ravina The rabbi speaks about the presence of the LCF and explains how it differs from the sciatic nerve. 
    • 386Ambrosius Mediolanensis The author mentions LCF of the animal.
    • 386-397John Chrysostom The author mentions LCF in an animal and an episode of its damage in a human. 
    • 4cent.Gothic Bible A Gothic term that may have been used to refer to the LCF of an animal and a human. 
    • 4-5cent.Ethiopic Bible The Ethiopic text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human. 
    • 398-405Jerome of Stridon The Latin text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human. 
    • 435Armenian Bible The ancient Armenian text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
    • 450-550Babylonian Talmud The rabbis discuss the presence of LCF in different animals, its location, role, distal attachment area, and the possibility of damage.
    • 5-6cent.Georgian Bible The ancient Georgian text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.  
    • 862-885Cyril_Methodius An Old Slavonic terms that may have been used to refer to the LCF of an animal and a human. 
    • 893-927Gregory the Presbyter An Old Slavonic term that may have been used to refer to the LCF of an animal and a human.
    • 927-942Arabic Bible The Arabic text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
    • 978Oshki Bible The ancient Georgian text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
    • 1039-1065Giorgi Mtatsmindeli The translator mentions the LCF damage, and notes its presence in animals.
    • 1120-1140Judah Halevi The author mentions LCF (גיד) of mammals.
    • 1176-1178(a)Rambam The author mentions the pathology of LCF (גיד) in humans and points out the presence of this structure in animals.
    • 1176-1178(b)Rambam The author writes about the localization of LCF (גיד) ) and distinguishes it from a tendon, blood vessel or nerve.
    • 1185-1235David Kimchi The author writes about the localization, purpose, and injury of the LCF (גיד), and also talks about its presence in adult animals and embryos. 
    • 1190Rambam The author mentions a variant of the pathology LCF (גיד) in humans.
    • 1220-1260Hezekiah ben Manoah The author briefly mentions LCF (גיד) of animals.
    • 1255-1285Sefer HaChinukh The author mentions LCF (גיד) of animals.
    • 1290-1310Bahya ben Asher The author discusses the damage to the LCF (גיד), its strength, role and shape, mentioning the presence of this structure in animals.
    • 1270-1340Jacob ben Asher The author mentions LCF (גיד) damage in humans and notes its presence in animals.
    • 1482-1548BartenuraO The author refers to the LCF of animals using the term "גיד".
    • 1742Chaim_ben_Attar The author mentions the LCF of man and animal, calling this formation “גיד הנשה” (gid ha-nashe). 
    • 1802PaleyW Mention of the LCF in theological literature. 
    • 1922LeeserI The fragment from the Book of Genesis recounts the journey of the family of Patriarch Jacob from Charan to Canaan (Gen. 31:1 – 33:20). In the provided excerpt of the ancient text, for the first time in history, the injury to the LCF of a man is mentioned (Gen. 32:26,33). 
    • 2013MorrisonC_KookAI The rabbi writes about the mechanical function of the LCF in humans.
    • 2019(a)ArkhipovSV_SkvortsovDV For the first time, damage to the ligament of the head of femur in humans and the mechanism of injury are described in the Bible. Read more in the article: Ligamentum capitis femoris: first written mentions. 




                                                             

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

LCF in 2026 (May)

LCF in 2026 (May )  (Quotes from articles and books published in May   2026 mentioning the ligamentum capitis femoris)   Kim, P. S., Kang, C., Lee, J. K., & Hwang, J. M. (2026). Hip arthroscopy to treat symptomatic paralabral cysts: a retrospective analysis of clinical outcomes. Arthroscopy and Orthopedic Sports Medicine , 13 (1), 27-34.     [i]     e-aosm.org   Ko, H. Y. (2026). Vascular Anatomy of the Extremities and Lungs. In Practical Functional Anatomy for Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation: A Guide for Physiatrists and Rehabilitation Specialists (pp. 191-223). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.      [ii] link.springer.com   Aiba, H., Yamaguchi, M., Kimura, H., & Murakami, H. (2026). Advances in limb-salvage surgery and reconstruction for pediatric bone and soft tissue tumors. Frontiers in Pediatrics , 14 , 1817788.      [iii]     pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov   Bajwa, A., Villar, R., ...
Post a Comment
Read more

1990HarveyB

  Harvey B, sculpture, Jacob wrestling with the angel (ca. 1990).   Depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis:  25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day.  26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work: Ninth month, eleventh day ( 2024АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ). Bessie Harvey – tree root sculpture Jacob Wres tling with the Angel (ca. 1990); original in the high.org collection (Fair...
Post a Comment
Read more

Vertebrates

VERTEBRATES According to the molecular clock, a specific method for dating phylogenetic events, vertebrates (Vertebrata) separated from arthropods (Arthropoda) 976±97 Ma (2004HedgesSB_ShoeJL). The latter began to dominate in species diversity with the Cambrian burst of radiation, which occurred 520 Ma (2010EdgecombeGD). This ratio in the fauna of the Earth is still preserved. Approximately 525 Ma, the phylum Chordates separated from the group of bilaterally symmetrical animals (1995ChenJY_ZhouGQ). In turn, the evolution of chordate organisms led to the formation of the first vertebrates at least 500 Ma, from which the jawed mouths 450-400 Ma descended, becoming the ancestors of the placoderms or "armored" fish (Placodermi) (1979 НаумовНП _ КарташевНН ). Sculptural reconstruction of the placoderm Coccosteus from the order Arthrodires, Middle Devonian, 393.3-382.7  Ma ; exposition of the Orlov Paleontological Museum (Moscow); photo by the author. The first cartilaginou...
Post a Comment
Read more

2008ArkhipovSV

  On the Role of the Ligamentum Capitis Femoris  in the Maintenance of Different Types of Erect Posture S.V. Arkhipov Keywords: ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, abductor muscle group, role,  function, hip joint, model, biomechanics, walk, gait cycle, single-legged stance  ABSTRACT New experimental and clinical data on the function of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and its participation in maintaining an erect posture were obtained. It was established that this anatomical element is involved in constraining the hip joint adduction and may fi x the joint in the frontal plane, turning it into an analogue of a second-class lever. In both unstrained one-support and asymmetrical two-support orthostatic postures, when the LCF is stretched and the abductor muscle group is exerted, a load equal to the body weight is evenly distributed between the upper and lower hemispheres of the caput femoris. In addition, the LCF fu...
Post a Comment
Read more

1943SinzWA

  Sinz WA , s culpture Jacob and the Angel (1943).   Depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis:  25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day.  26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work: Ninth month, eleventh day ( 2024АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ). Walter A. Sinz – Jacob and the Angel (1943). Ceramic. Gift of Hilda Kisella (2007.187) ; original in clevelandart.org   collect...
Post a Comment
Read more

1132Sant’Orso

  Collegiate Church of Sant’Orso of Aosta (France), capital – Jacob with the Angel (1132).  Depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work: Ninth month, eleventh day ( 2024 АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ).     Collegiate Church of Sant’Orso of Aosta (1132) Capital № 21 – Jacob with the Angel. О riginal ...
Post a Comment
Read more

20c.WikstromB

  Wikstrom B , s culpture I will not let you go» (Jacob wrestling the Angel , 20th cent.?) .   Depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis:  25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day.  26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work: Ninth month, eleventh day ( 2024АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ). Brit Wikstrom – « I will not let you go» (Jacob wrestling the Angel , 20th?) . O riginal in gg...
Post a Comment
Read more

THE ROLE OF THE HIP JOINT LIGAMENTS

  The role of the hip joint ligaments Ligaments tighten when the pelvis tilts, support the body, and correct the movement of the center of mass. A horizontal position of the pelvis in a single-leg stance and during walking is pathological. See experiments: https://kruglayasvyazka.blogspot.com/2024/07/blog-post_26.html https://kruglayasvyazka.blogspot.com/2024/07/lcf_16.html Publication in the facebook group 05/23/2025.     BLOG CONTENT NEWS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS FACEBOOK
Post a Comment
Read more

Australopithecus afarensis

  AUSTRALOPITHECUS AFARENSIS In 1735, Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778) placed humans as a species «Homo nosce te ipsum» in the order Anthropomorpha along with monkeys and sloths (1735LinneC). In a publication in 1758, the naturalist transferred humans to the order Primates (1758LinneC). Today, humans and chimpanzees are united in the tribe Hominini, as descended from a common ancestor (2001GrovesCP). It has been established that the chromosome that distinguishes humans from monkeys was formed before 4.5 Ma (2022PoszewieckaB_GambinA). The hominin subfamily Sahelanthropus tchadensis lived in the Republic of Chad (Central Africa) from 7.2±0.31 to 6.8±0.45 Ma (2008LebatardAE_BrunetM; 2012ReynoldsSC_GallagherA). Reconstruction of its musculoskeletal system showed that the creature could have been an upright bipedal primate (2005ZollikoferCP_BrunetM). Fossils of what is probably the first bipedal representative of the hominid family Orrorin tugenensis, lived 6.1-5.7 Ma and still retained adapta...
Post a Comment
Read more

BLOG CONTENT

  T he ligament of the head of femur or ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) is the key to a graceful gait and understanding the causes of hip joint diseases. We present promising scientific knowledge necessary for preserving health,  to create new implants and techniques  of treating degenerative  pathology and damage of the hip joint. Project objective : preserving a normal gait and quality of life, helping to study of hip joint biomechanics, developing effective treatments for its diseases and injuries. In translating to English, the author is assisted by ChatGPT (version 3.5)  and the Google Translate service .  We're sorry for any flaws in the syntax. The meaning makes up for the imperfections!     TABLES OF CONTENTS    Acetabular Canal   (Anatomy, topography and significance of the functioning area of ​​the ligamentum capitis femoris) Acetabular Canal.  Part 1.   This article describes the space where the ligam...
Post a Comment
Read more