MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS

MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS

(Erroneous and folkloric beliefs, folk and traditional stories...)

LCF in English Bibles The first written mention of the LCF in humans is found in the ancient Hebrew book – Bereshit (Genesis). In English translations of the Bible, LCF is denoted by various terms, often not explicitly referring to the «ligament».
The Shortest Comments on Genesis, Chap. XXXII-XXXIII In the selected excerpt, the symptoms, mechanism, and differential diagnostic test for the injury to LCF are provided, along with details about the circumstances, time, and place of the biblical trauma.
1609-1583bcProtoBereshit Hypothesis: in the work of fiction, an unknown physician-encyclopedist for the first time pointed out damage to the LCF as a cause of gait disturbance.
922-722bcElohist A variant of the oldest description of damage to the LCF and the cause of lameness in Hebrew, dating from 922-722 BC.
8cent.bcHomer The poet describes an open hip fracture-dislocation, which is usually accompanied by damage to the LCF.
650-570bcJeremiah_Baruch The editors of the book of Bereishit mention the LCF of the animal.
5-2cent.bcSamaritan Pentateuch The Samaritan text contains references to the LCF of an animal and a human.
445bсEzra An extreme Hebrew version of a passage from the Book of Bereshit mentioning the LCF of an animal and a human.
3-1cent.bcSeptuaginta The text in ancient Greek contains references to the LCF of an animal and a human.
50-135Akiva ben Joseph The rabbi mentions the LCF of the animal.
80-110Eliezer ben Hyrcanus The author indicates the location of the LCF and describes its injury.
80-120Targum Onkelos The Aramaic text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
93-94JosephusF The author mentions LCF in an animal and an episode of its damage in a human.
1-2cent.Vetus Latina The oldest Latin text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
1-3cent.Peshitta The Syriac text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
135-170Yehudah ben Ilai The religious scholar points out the distal attachment site of the LCF and demonstrates knowledge of the possibility of its injury.
150-250Targum Jonathan The mentions ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in an animal and an episode of its damage in a human.
165-257Shmuel Babylonian physician demonstrates knowledge of LCF injury, identifies topography and distal attachment site.
190-230Mishnah Chullin Selected quotations discuss the presence of LCF in different animals, its location and distal attachment site.
200Mekilta de-Rabbi Yishmael The passage we have chosen mentions the LCF of the animal.
2-3cent.Coptic Bible The Coptic text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
220-299Yehuda ben Yechezkel The religious scholar points out the location of the LCF in animals and distinguishes it from the sciatic nerve.
220-320Kahana The rabbi points out the location of the LCF and knows how to differentiate it from the sciatic nerve.
250-350Sifra The passage we have chosen mentions the LCF of the animal.
280-352Rava The rabbi identifies the location and distal attachment site of the LCF and demonstrates knowledge of its function.
290-320Chisda The religious scholar indirectly mentions LCF.
320-350Abun bar Ḥiyya The rabbi notes the presence of LCF in the even-toed ungulate - the deer.
320-350Aha The rabbi points out the location of the LCF and knows how to differentiate it from the sciatic nerve.
375-425Jerusalem Talmud The rabbis discuss the presence of LCF in different animals.
375-425Ravina The rabbi speaks about the presence of the LCF and explains how it differs from the sciatic nerve.
386Ambrosius Mediolanensis The author mentions LCF of the animal.
386-397John Chrysostom The author mentions LCF in an animal and an episode of its damage in a human.
4cent.Gothic Bible A Gothic term that may have been used to refer to the LCF of an animal and a human.
4-5cent.Ethiopic Bible The Ethiopic text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
398-405Jerome of Stridon The Latin text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
435Armenian Bible The ancient Armenian text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
450-550Babylonian Talmud The rabbis discuss the presence of LCF in different animals, its location, role, distal attachment area, and the possibility of damage.
5-6cent.Georgian Bible The ancient Georgian text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
862-885Cyril_Methodius An Old Slavonic terms that may have been used to refer to the LCF of an animal and a human.
893-927Gregory the Presbyter An Old Slavonic term that may have been used to refer to the LCF of an animal and a human.
927-942Arabic Bible The Arabic text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
978Oshki Bible The ancient Georgian text contains mentioned to LCF of an animal and a human.
1039-1065Giorgi Mtatsmindeli The translator mentions the LCF damage, and notes its presence in animals.
1120-1140Judah Halevi The author mentions LCF (גיד) of mammals.
1176-1178(a)Rambam The author mentions the pathology of LCF (גיד) in humans and points out the presence of this structure in animals.
1176-1178(b)Rambam The author writes about the localization of LCF (גיד) ) and distinguishes it from a tendon, blood vessel or nerve.
1185-1235David Kimchi The author writes about the localization, purpose, and injury of the LCF (גיד), and also talks about its presence in adult animals and embryos.
1190Rambam The author mentions a variant of the pathology LCF (גיד) in humans.
1220-1260Hezekiah ben Manoah The author briefly mentions LCF (גיד) of animals.
1255-1285Sefer HaChinukh The author mentions LCF (גיד) of animals.
1290-1310Bahya ben Asher The author discusses the damage to the LCF (גיד), its strength, role and shape, mentioning the presence of this structure in animals.
1270-1340Jacob ben Asher The author mentions LCF (גיד) damage in humans and notes its presence in animals.
1482-1548BartenuraO The author refers to the LCF of animals using the term "גיד".
1742Chaim_ben_Attar The author mentions the LCF of man and animal, calling this formation “גיד הנשה” (gid ha-nashe).
1802PaleyW Mention of the LCF in theological literature.
1922LeeserI The fragment from the Book of Genesis recounts the journey of the family of Patriarch Jacob from Charan to Canaan (Gen. 31:1 – 33:20). In the provided excerpt of the ancient text, for the first time in history, the injury to the LCF of a man is mentioned (Gen. 32:26,33).
2013MorrisonC_KookAI The rabbi writes about the mechanical function of the LCF in humans.
2019(a)ArkhipovSV_SkvortsovDV For the first time, damage to the ligament of the head of femur in humans and the mechanism of injury are described in the Bible. Read more in the article: Ligamentum capitis femoris: first written mentions.

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INFERIOR PORTAL FOR HIP ARTHROSCOPY

Combined PDF version of the article: Arkhipov SV. Arkhipov SV. Inferior Portal for Hip A rthroscopy: A Pilot Experimental Study. This page contains a photocopy of the publication. The links for downloading the PDF version and the addresses of the online versions are given below. The original in Russian is available at the link: Нижний портал для артроскопии тазобедренного сустава .

2000-1600bcBM29663

Fragment of the text of clay tablet BM 29663 (Mesopotamia, 2000-1600 BC). In the list of body parts of a sheep, the author indicates ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). See our commentary at the link: 2000-1600bcBM29663 [Rus]. Quote [Akk] Clay tablet BM 29663 (original source: photo - British Museum britishmuseum.org , text - 2018CohenY , p. 134). Translation [Eng] List of Sheep Body Parts ( с lay tablet BM 29663, obverse) 10. ni-im-šu → nimšu, “sciatic nerve”, “sinew” . ( original source: 2018CohenY , p. 135). ( original source: British Museum britishmuseum.org , CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) External links Clay tablet; museum number 29663; registration number 1898,1115.49. Middle East, Old Babylonian period (2000-1600 BC). [ britishmuseum.org , cdli.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de ] Sigrist M, Zadok R, Walker C. Catalogue of the Babylonian tablets in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Babylonian tablets in the British Museum. London: British Museum Press, 2006. ...

Inferior Portal. Part 1.

Original in Russian is available at the link: Нижний портал. Часть 1. below is a machine translation edited by a non-native speaker ( version dated 03/02/2025 ) . INFERIOR PORTAL FOR HIP ARTHROSCOPY: A PILOT STUDY PART 1. Background and Hypothesis Arkhipov S.V., Independent Researcher, Joensuu, Finland Abstract: The article presents, theoretically and graphically substantiates the technique of a new arthroscopic approach to the central compartment of the hip joint. It is proposed to introduce the optical system of the arthroscope from below through the acetabular notch without traction. Similar approaches were used for puncture, arthroscopy, arthrography, and arthrotomy of the hip joint. Diagnostics using the described lower portal will exclude complications caused by distraction of the leg and compression of the perineal support during surgery. CONTENTS PART 1. Background and Hypothesis [1] . Introduction [2] . Passage through t...

Online Journal «ABOUT ROUND LIGAMENT OF FEMUR», February 2025

SCIENTIFIC THEMATIC ONLINE JOURNAL « About Round Ligament of Femur » February, 2025 The publication is dedicated to the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and related topics. About the Journal The online journal « About Round Ligament of Femur » was created based on the scientific blog of the same name. Updates: As new materials are prepared. Purpose: Popularization and preservation of knowledge about LCF, as well as promoting its practical application. Main goal: Improvement of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of injuries and diseases of the hip joint. Announcements 25.02.2025 A Facebook group « LIGAMENTUM CAPITIS FEMORIS » has been created. 26.02.2025 The scientific blog « About Round Ligament of Femur » has been transformed into an online journal of the same name. Surgical Treatment INFERIOR P...

3-1cent.bcSeptuaginta

Fragment of the Septuagint Genesis (LXX, Γένεσις ; 3-1 cent. BC). The text in ancient Greek contains references to the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) of an animal and a human. See our commentary at the link: 3-1cent.bcSeptuaginta [Rus]. Quote [Grc] LXX . Γένεσις 32:33 ἕνεκεν τούτου οὐ μὴ φάγωσιν οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ τὸ νεῦρον , ὃ ἐνάρκησεν , ὅ ἐστιν ἐπὶ τοῦ πλάτους τοῦ μηροῦ , ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης , ὅτι ἥψατο τοῦ πλάτους τοῦ μηροῦ Ιακωβ τοῦ νεύρου καὶ ἐνάρκησεν . (original source: 1883 deLagardeP, p. 32 ) Translation [Eng] Septuaginta . Genesis 32:32(33) Therefore the children of Israel will by no means eat of the sinew which was benumbed, which is on the broad part of the thigh, until this day, because the angel touched the broad part of the thigh of Jacob — even the sinew which was benumbed. (original source: 1900 BrentonLCL , p. 44) External links Septuagint. Genesis. Alexandria, 3-1 cent. BC. de Lagarde P. Libri veteris Testamenti canonici Librorum veteris Testamenti c...

1012-1024Avicenna

Fragment from the book Avicenna. Canon of Medicine (1012-1024). The author writes about the localization and variant of the pathology ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), leading to hip dislocation. See our commentary at the link: 1012-1024Avicenna [Rus]. Quote. [Lat] Canon Medicinae . Lib. III. De doloribus iunctura… L. V. (original source: 1476Avicenna, p. 191, fragment) Quote . [ Rus ] Канон врачебной науки. Книга 3. Том 2. Часть 22. Заболевания внешних и конечных органов. Статья 2. Боли в этих органах, §3. Боли в суставах и то, что является общим для подагры, воспаления седалищного нерва и тому подобного (332a). Материя при воспалении седалищного нерва чаще всего пребывает в суставе и просачивается из него в широкий нерв; когда [нерв] испытывает боль, это предрасполагает его к [приему других] соков, изливающихся к нему сверху из всего тела, кроме тех, которые были заперты вначале. А бывает и так, что материя [первоначально] находится не в суставе, а в широком нер...

2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV

Ancient Textual Sources on Ligamentum Teres: Context and Transmission S.V. Arkhipov, I.V. Prolygina KEYWORDS: ancient medicine; ancient traumatology; Galen; Hippocrates; hip joint; ligamentum capitis femoris; ligament of head of femur; ligamentum teres. SUMMARY Background. One of the least researched anatomical structures of the human body is the ligament of head of femur, most often referred to as ligamentum teres. The history of the nomination of this term, medical contexts of its use, the etymology and the first synonyms (Figure 1) are not sufficiently understood. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to present the most complete collection of evidence from ancient medical authors about the term ligamentum teres, trace the history of its nomination and analyze the gradual changes in the level of knowledge about the anatomy, mechanical and geometric properties of this structure, its pathology and treatment methods. Methods. The study is based on an inter...

LCF of Pithecanthropus

The hip joint of Pithecanthropus erectus (Homo erectus) had a ligament of the head of the femur, in Latin called the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). The femur of a male specimen was first discovered in 1892 by Eugène Dubois (1858-1940) on the island of Java (2004DeVosJ). The age of the sediment preserving the remains of the Java Man is estimated to be approximately in the range of 540-430 thousand years (2015JoordensJC_RoebroeksW). On the femoral head, a deep pit of the femoral head is noticeable—the trace of the distal attachment of the LCF ( sketchfab.com ). The location of the pit on the femoral head of Pithecanthropus is identical to that of Homo sapiens. In light of this, we assume that the Java Man walked similarly to anatomically modern humans. Illustration: Pithecanthropus had LCF The left femur of Java Man (Pithecanthropus erectus, Homo erectus), specimen from the Darwin Museum (Moscow); view from the medial side (photo by the author). The arrow indicates the fossa of ...

2008HeinerG

Invention (Patent Application Publication): Heiner G. Implant as an intermediate layer between articulating joint surfaces. DE102007018341A1 (2008). [ translated from German ] DE102007018341A1 Germany Inventor: Heiner Genrich Current Assignee: Individual Worldwide applications 2007 DE Application DE102007018341A events: 2007-04-13 Application filed by Individual 2007-04-13 Priority to DE102007018341A 2008-10-16 Publication of DE102007018341A1 Status: Ceased Implant as an intermediate layer between articulating joint surfaces Heiner Genrich Abstract A surgical implant is an interface between two articulated surfaces together forming a ball and socket joint. The articulation surface (1) and the facing bone surface (2) whose edge (13) is thinner than the centre section (15). The surface (2) matches that of the damaged bone surface. Description The The invention relates to an implant as intermediate between articulating articular surfaces, wherein the intermed...

1910FickR

In the second volume of the «Handbuch der anatomie des menschen», devoted to general joint mechanics and muscles (Zweiter Teil: Allgemeine Gelenk- und Muskelmechanik, 1910), the author discusses the function of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). This book is not yet available to us. Therefore, we publish only quotes from the first volume. The translation was done in collaboration with ChatGPT 3.5. Fick R. Handbuch der Anatomie und Mechanik der Gelenke: Erster Teil: Anatomie der Gelenke. Jena: G. Fischer, 1904. [fragments] Quote p. 330 2 – 3 cm langer, platter, schmächtiger Strang, der am unteren medialen Teil der Kapselwand zwischen Pubo- und Ischiofemoralband entspringt und in das Binnenband übergeht. Auch wenn diese Nebenwurzel nicht als ein deutlich isolierbarer Strang ausgebildet ist. bezieht das Binnenband doch stets wenigstens einige Fasern unter dem Querband hindurch von der Kapseloberfläche (so daß ...

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