Sayings of Yehuda ben Ilai extracted from the tractates Pesachim and Chullin (Babylonian Talmud). Babylonian Talmud was written between about 450 - 550 in present-day Iraq (formerly Babylonia). Babylonian physician identifies location and distal attachment site of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and demonstrates knowledge of its injury potential. See our commentary at the link: 165-257Shmuel [Rus].
Quote 1.
[Heb]
Pesachim 83b10
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| (original source: sefaria.org) |
Quote 2.
[Heb]
Chullin 91a2
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| (original source: sefaria.org) |
Quote 3.
[Heb]
Chullin 93b9
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| (original source: sefaria.org) |
Quote 4.
[Heb]
Chullin 96a11
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| (original source: sefaria.org) |
Quote 5.
[Heb]
Chullin 96b3
 |
| (original source: sefaria.org) |
Translation
Quote 1.
[Eng]
Passover Festivals 83b10
Ravina said: This discussion pertains to the outer
nerve, and it is in accordance with that which Rav Yehuda said that Shmuel
said, as Rav Yehuda said that Shmuel said: There are two sinews in the sciatic
nerve: The inner sinew that is next to the bone is forbidden according to Torah
law, and one is liable to be flogged for eating it. The outer sinew that is
next to the meat is forbidden by rabbinic law, and therefore one is not liable
to be flogged for eating it. Since the outer sinew is permitted according to
Torah law, it attains the status of leftover when it is not eaten. (original
source: sefaria.org)
Quote 2.
[Eng]
Chullin 91a2
Ravina said: The mishna’s statement is necessary only
with regard to the outer nerve, and it is in accordance with that which Rav
Yehuda said that Shmuel said. As Rav Yehuda said that Shmuel said: There are
two nerves included in the prohibition of the sciatic nerve. The inner nerve
that is next to the bone is forbidden by Torah law, and one is liable to be
flogged for eating it. The outer nerve that is next to the flesh is forbidden
by rabbinic law, and therefore one is not liable to be flogged for eating it.
In the case of a Paschal offering, since the outer nerve is permitted by Torah
law, it assumes the status of leftover sacrificial meat when it is not eaten. (original source: sefaria.org)
Quote 3.
[Eng]
Chullin 93b9
§ The Gemara returns to the prohibition of eating the sciatic nerve. Rav Yehuda says that Shmuel says: There are two nerves included in the prohibition of the sciatic nerve. The inner nerve, which is next to the bone, is forbidden by Torah law, and one is liable to be flogged for eating it. The outer nerve, which is next to the flesh, is forbidden by rabbinic law, and therefore one is not liable to be flogged for eating it. (original source: sefaria.org)
Quote 4.
[Eng]
Chullin 96a11
§ The mishna teaches: One who eats an olive-bulk of
the sciatic nerve incurs forty lashes. Shmuel says: The Torah prohibits only
the part of the sciatic nerve that is on the rounded protrusion of flesh shaped
like a spoon that is near the end of the femur. This is as it is stated in the
verse: “Therefore the children of Israel eat not the sciatic nerve that is upon
the spoon of the thigh” (Genesis 32:33). (original source: sefaria.org)
Quote 5.
[Eng]
Chullin 96b3
And how do the Rabbis interpret that phrase? That
phrase is necessary to teach the halakha stated by Shmuel, as Shmuel said: The
Torah prohibits only the part of the sciatic nerve that is on the rounded
protrusion of flesh shaped like a spoon. And what does Rabbi Yehuda hold with
regard to the halakha stated by Shmuel? He derives from the fact that it is
written: “The spoon of the thigh,” that the sciatic nerve of the entire thigh
is forbidden, not just the part that is on the rounded protrusion of flesh
shaped like a spoon. (original source: sefaria.org)
Explanation: Chullin 96b4-5
4. And how do the Rabbis interpret “the spoon of the
thigh”? According to the Rabbis, this expression indicates that the prohibition
of the sciatic nerve applies to the nerve that extends throughout the entire
thigh, i.e., the inner nerve, which serves to exclude the outer nerve, which is
not forbidden by Torah law; but in fact, only the part of the inner nerve that
is on the protrusion of flesh shaped like a spoon is forbidden, not the entire
inner nerve. (original source: sefaria.org)
5. The Gemara
objects: But this term “spoon” is required to exclude the sciatic nerve of a
bird, which does not have a rounded protrusion on its thigh bone that can be
described as the spoon of the thigh, as taught in the mishna (89b). The Gemara
explains: There are two usages of the term “spoon” written in the verse, and
therefore two separate halakhot can be derived from this term. (original
source: sefaria.org)
External links
Babylonian
Talmud. Pesachim (The William Davidson Edition). 450-550. [sefaria.org]
Babylonian
Talmud. Chullin (The William Davidson Edition). 450-550. [sefaria.org]
Babylonian
Talmud. Tract. Pesachim (Passover). Trans. M.L. Rodkinson Vol. 5. Boston: The
Talmud Society, 1918. [archive.org]
Authors & Affiliations
Shmuel (Amora, ca. 165 – ca. 257) was a physician,
teacher, judge, astronomer, lived in Nehardea (Babylonia). [jewishencyclopedia.com , sefaria.org , wikipedia.org]
Keywords
ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum
teres, ligament of head of femur, Bible, Torah, animals, damage, anatomy, attachment,
synonym
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