1290-1310Bahya ben Asher

Fragments from the book Rabbeinu Bahya. Commentary by Rabbi Bachya ben Asher. Commentary on the Pentateuch, was written between about 1290-1310 in Spain, and was first printed at Naples in 1492 (jewishencyclopedia.com, sefaria.org, wikipedia.org). The author discusses the damage to the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF, גיד), its strength, role and shape, mentioning the presence of this structure in animals. See our commentary at the link: 1290-1310Bahyaben Asher [Rus].

Quote 1.

[Heb]

Rabbeinu Bahya. Bereshit 32:30.13

(original sources: sefaria.org)

Quote 2.

[Heb]

Rabbeinu Bahya. Bereshit 32:30.14

(original sources: sefaria.org)

Quote 3.

[Heb]

Rabbeinu Bahya. Bereshit 32:30.15

(fragment, original sources: sefaria.org)

Translation

Quote 1.

[Eng]

Bahya Teacher. Bereshit 32:30.13

The Torah goes on with a report of the consequences of this encounter by writing «על כן לא יאכלו בני ישראל את '''גיד הנשה''' אשר על כף הירך», “this is why the children of Israel are not to eat the displaced sinew of the hip-socket”… The meaning of the word “eat” here does not only mean the actual consumption of this part of animalistic tissue but also what it symbolizes, i.e. absorbing the philosophy it represents. (trans. Eliyahu Munk (1998); original sources: sefaria.org)

Quote 2.

[Eng]

Bahya Teacher. Bereshit 32:30.14

…From a purely physical point of view, this sinew is a very tough sinew and comparable to a tough cord. (fragment, trans. Eliyahu Munk (1998); original sources: sefaria.org)

Quote 3.

[Eng]

Bahya Teacher. Bereshit 32:30.15

אשר על כף הירך, the importance of this particular sinew is that the entire body relies heavily on it so that if it is damaged one cannot even move. (fragment, trans. Eliyahu Munk (1998); original sources: sefaria.org)

Commentary of Rabbeinu Bechayei, 1610-1613. [source: appelauction.com]

External links

Bachya ben Asher. Commentary of Rabbeinu Bechayei on the Torah. Cracow, Shvat: Yitzchak ben Aharon Printing [of Prostitz], 1610-1613. [appelauction.com]

Midrash Rabbeinu Bachya [ben Asher]. Warsaw, 1878. [sefaria.org]

Rabbeinu Bahya. Commentary by Rabbi Bachya ben Asher, trans. Eliyahu Munk, 1998. [sefaria.org]

Authors & Affiliations

Bachya ben Asher (Bahya, Behai, Bahya ben Asher ibn Halawa, Rabbeinu Behaye, Бахья бен Ашер; 1255-1340) was a rabbi, scholar and Torah commentator, lived in the Spain at Zaragoza. [jewishencyclopedia.com , wikipedia.org]

Eliyahu Munk (1900-1981) was a German-born French rabbi and rabbinic scholar. [wikipedia.org]

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, animals, Bible, Torah, synonym, damage, properties, biomechanics, role

NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7

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MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS

Comments

21cent.bcBaqetIII

Groups of wrestlers on the walls of tomb BH15, belonging to Baqet III – a contemporary of Pharaoh Mentuhotep II (frescoes, Beni Hasan, Egypt). These images depict wrestling scenes and the circumstances under which injuries to the hip joint — including the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) — might occur. The frescoes appear to have served as the basis for the description of wrestling found in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work: Nint...

20cent.bcAmenemhet

Groups of wrestlers on the walls of tomb BH2, belonging to Amenemhat (Ameni)—a contemporary of Pharaoh Senusret I (frescoes, Beni Hasan, Egypt). These images depict wrestling scenes and the circumstances under which injuries to the hip joint—including the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF)—might occur. The frescoes appear to have served as the basis for the description of wrestling found in the Book of Genesis : 25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work...

NEWS 2026

New publications of our resource in 2026 The initial phase of collecting data on LCF, accumulated prior to the 20th century, is largely complete. Next, we plan to analyze and synthesize thematic information, adding data from the 20th and 21st centuries. The work will focus primarily on: prevention, diagnosis, arthroscopy, plastic surgery, and endoprosthetics. November 1 , 2026 LCF in 2026 (November) Quotes from articl es and books published in November 2026 mentioning the ligamentum capitis femoris . October 29 , 2026 22cent.bcBaqetI . Fresco. A depiction of the circumstances surrounding a hip joint injury. October 28 , 2026 17cent.Akrotiri . Fre sco. A depiction of the circumstances surrounding a hip joint injury. 20cent.bcAmenemhet . Fresco. A depiction of the circumstances surrounding a hip joint injury. 20cent.bcKhety . Fresco. A depiction of the circumstances surrounding a hip joint injury. 21cent.bcBaqetIII . Fresco....

Tweet of October 26, 2026

The new book about the first patient with a #ligamentum_teres injury. PDF: http://books.google.com/books/about?id=OcogEgAAQBAJ Manuscript: https://roundligament.blogspot.com/2026/10/medical-record-title-and-contents.html Tweet of October 26, 2026 #Bible #Genesis BLOG CONTENT TWITTER OR X

1893GriffithFL

Griffith F.L. (1893): A group of wrestlers on the wall of the tomb of Baqet III (fresco, late 20th century BCE, Egypt). A depiction of the circumstances surrounding a hip joint injury—possibly involving the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) – which served as the basis for the description of a wrestling match in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work: Ninth month, eleventh day ( 2024АрхиповСВ ) and Medical Record (2026Ar...

20cent.bcKhety

Groups of wrestlers on the walls of tomb BH17, belonging to Khety—possibly the son of Baqet III and a contemporary of Pharaoh Senusret I (frescoes, Beni Hasan, Egypt). These images depict wrestling scenes and the circumstances under which injuries to the hip joint — including the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) — might occur. The frescoes appear to have served as the basis for the description of wrestling found in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33...

17cent.Akrotiri

The " Akrotiri Boxer Fresco ", found on the wall of a room in a house in the town of Akrotiri on the island of Thera—a site destroyed by the Minoan eruption (late 17th century BCE). The image depicts a bout that may have served as the basis for the legend concerning an injury to the hip joint and the *ligamentum capitis femoris* (LCF), as described in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work: Ninth month, eleventh day ( 202...

MEDICAL RECORD. Chapter 2

Book manuscript: Arkhipov S.V. Medical Record: The Contribution of a Middle Bronze Age Egyptian Physician to the Book of Genesis. Kyrö: Author’s Edition, 2026. – 312 pp. – 2 tables. – Bibliographical references: 856 entries. play.google.com , books.google.com Introduction Chapter 2 Chronology of the Medical Record CONTENT [i] Text [ii] Navigation [iii] Application [i] Text When reading the Book of Genesis , we learn that the first recorded patient with an injury to the ligament of the head of femur was a man named Ya'akov (Gen. 32:25, 33). In adapted usage, the name is rendered as Jacob. According to the narrative, he was born near the well of Beer-Lahai-Roi, between Kadesh and Bered in the Negev Desert, which is in the south of the "Canaanite" land (Gen. 16:14, 23:19, 24:62). As is clear from the text, the "Canaanite land" is the western part of the current State of Israel, excluding the vicinity of the Jordan River (Gen. 13:11–12). Jacob's father ...

MEDICAL RECORD. Title and contents

Book manuscript: Arkhipov S.V. Medical Record: The Contribution of a Middle Bronze Age Egyptian Physician to the Book of Genesis. Kyrö : Author’s Edition, 2026. – 312 pp. – 2 tables. – Bibliographical references: 856 entries. Google Books ID: GGKEY:5GXG1LS275N , play.google.com , books.google.com Title, Abstract and Contents CONTENT [i] Abstract [ii] Dedication [iii] Book Covers and Title [iv] Table of Contents [v] Application [i] ABSTRACT Before you is the final medical record compiled by the author over a professional career as an orthopaedic surgeon. This work outlines information regarding a patient who sustained a hip joint injury in the Middle Bronze Age. The source material is extracted from the Book of Genesis and cross-referenced with facts from history, archaeology, natural science, and medicine past and present. Along the way, it is demonstrated that the protograph was composed in Ancient Egypt during the Second Intermediate P...

Key Role of the LCF

In the experiments conducted on the pelvis-femur-muscle-ligaments model, we found that when the contralateral pelvic drop occurs, the ligament of the head of femur become maximally tense; simultaneously, there is relaxation and lengthening of the gluteus medius muscle; the pelvis spontaneously rotates towards the stance limb (forward), and the load on the hip joint decreases. Thanks to the functioning of the ligament of the head of femur the walking is smooth, rhythmic, and energy-efficient. Track Music: Blue Dot Sessions , Vittoro (CC BY-NC 4.0 DEED / fragment) "Take care of the ligament of the head of femur for yourself and your neighbor!" . . keywords: ligamentum capitis femoris, ligament of head of femur, ligamentum te...

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