English version of the article: Архипов СВ. Книга Берешит как великая компиляция текстов и смыслов Второго переходного периода Египта: пилотная культурологическая, медицинская, археологическая и текстологическая экспертиза преданий против традиционной атрибуции. Введение. О круглой связке бедра. 14.02.2026. The text in Russian is available at the following link: 2026АрхиповСВ
The Book of Genesis as a Great Compilation of Texts and Meanings from the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt: A Pilot Culturological, Medical, Archaeological, and Textological Examination of the Legends versus Traditional Attribution. Conclusion
CONTENT [i] Abstract [ii] Conclusion [iii] Content [iv] External links [v] Application [vi] References [vii] Application |
The Book of Genesis (Bereshith) was composed in Egypt during the 17th century BCE and reached its definitive protographic form following the Minoan eruption of Thera. This study argues that the work was the result of a collaboration between an Egyptian polymath and a distinguished scribe of Asiatic descent. By analyzing ancient texts, anatomical descriptions, archaeological data, Bronze Age cultural history, and climatic markers, this article demonstrates that the book emerged from the work of a high-ranking socio-political committee within the Egyptian House of Life. We argue that the inclusion of precise anatomical data, such as the ligamentum capitis femoris, serves as a diagnostic marker of this Egyptian medical-scribal collaboration, challenging the late-date theories of the documentary hypothesis.
In the
Book of Genesis, we have identified numerous literary parallels, cosmogonic
similarities, ethical correspondences, lexical and cultural borrowings, various
inversions, as well as plot convergences with ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian
texts. Based on the conducted analysis and taking into account archaeological
and historical data, we believe that the Book of Genesis is a high-level
compilation.
The scale
of the work and the use of diverse source material imply the participation of
two authors. The first was a scribe-administrator, apparently of Asian descent,
while the second was an erudite, materialistically minded Egyptian physician
familiar with magic. The scribe recorded genealogies, family traditions, and
national myths, creating a powerful Mesopotamian layer. The physician imbued
the plots with natural-scientific credibility, drawing on clinical cases from
practice and medical knowledge. We do not exclude the possibility that both
co-authors were ethnically Egyptian, creating this work at the behest of an
influential official of Asiatic origin who served the Pharaohs of the 13th
Dynasty.
The
analysis we conducted shows that the writers operate with realities specific to
the period of the 17th–16th centuries BCE. The text contains rare anomalous
insertions dating from the Ramesside period and later. At the same time, the
work predominantly consists of adapted retellings of religious concepts and
ideas that emerged during the Old and Middle Kingdoms. A comprehensive evaluation
allows us to suggest that the protograph of the Book of Genesis was composed in
Middle Egyptian language at the end of the Second Intermediate Period –
beginning of the New Kingdom, after the Minoan eruption.
We believe
the text was created in northern Egypt, in the Nile Delta, most likely in the
scriptorium of the “House of Life,” which possessed a rich collection of
manuscripts. The most probable place of composition appears to us to be
Heliopolis. Another strong candidate is the geographical and cultural
crossroads of the aforementioned period – Avaris.
The study
we have carried out provides yet another argument in favor of the first mention
of the human ligament of the head of femur occurring in the Bronze Age. Such
ancient knowledge of this anatomical element demonstrates the outstanding
contribution to science made by the physicians of Egypt. The insightful
observations of our ancient colleagues have reached us thanks to the careful
preservation of the Book of Genesis by adherents of the Abrahamic religions. In
this we see white magic, which once gave birth to medicine.
The Book of Genesis is not a product of Iron Age folklore, but a high-level intellectual project of the 17th Century BCE. It represents a sophisticated synthesis of Egyptian medical science and administrative records, drafted in the Nile Delta as a response to the socio-political and climatic crises of the Second Intermediate Period. By stripping away later linguistic modernizations, we reveal a 'time capsule' that accurately reflects the realities of the Bronze Age.
Sumer (c. 3300 – before 1900 BCE) britannica.com
The Old Kingdom of Egypt (c. 2543 – c. 2120 BCE) britannica.com
The Third Dynasty of Ur (22nd – 21st cent. BCE) britannica.com
The First Intermediate period of Egypt (c. 2118 – c. 1980 BCE) britannica.com
The Old Babylonian period of Egypt (2000 – 1595 BCE) onlinelibrary.wiley.com
The Middle Kingdom of Egypt (c. 1980 – c. 1760 BCE) britannica.com
The Second Intermediate period of Egypt (c. 1759 – c. 1539 BCE) britannica.com
The New Kingdom of Egypt (c. 1539 – c. 1077 BCE) britannica.com
Authors of the article
Arkhipov S.V. – Independent Researcher, MD, PhD, Orthopedic Surgeon, Medical Writer, Joensuu, Finland.
Correspondence: Sergey Arkhipov, email: archipovsv @ gmail.com
Article history
February 22, 2026 - online version of the article published.
Suggested citation
Arkhipov S.V. The Book of Genesis as a Great Compilation of Texts and Meanings from the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt: A Pilot Culturological, Medical, Archaeological, and Textological Examination of the Legends versus Traditional Attribution. Conclusion. About round ligament of femur. February 22, 2026.
Note
Keywords
Genesis Protograph, Bereshit Protograph, Hyksos-era Scriptorium, Ligamentum Teres, Ligamentum Capitis Femoris, Minoan Eruption Impact, Bronze Age, Middle Egyptian Origin, Cross-cultural Codification, Ancient Medicine, Biblical Chronology
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