20th Century

20th Century

Catalog of archived publications of the specified period

1900-1909

1900BetheE Julius Pollux calls LCF «ἰσχίον», and the concept of «ligament» is designated by the term «νεῦρον / νεῦρα».

1902RilkeRM Der Schauende.
1904FickR Fragments of the book summarize the basic information about LCF obtained by the beginning of the 20th century.
1904TestutL Fragments of the book recapitulate the basic information about LCF anatomy obtained by the beginning of the 20th century.

1905BardeenCR The agthor briefly discusses the emergence of the LCF.
1908GrayH Selected fragments of LCF anatomy and illustrations.

1910-1919

1910BrausH The author briefly discusses the pathological changes of the LCF in congenital hip dislocation.

1910FickR Author discusses the function of the LCF. This book is not yet available to us.
1910SuttonHA_DrinkerCK The selected fragments discuss the anatomy and topography of the LCF.
1914JonesFW_MorrisH The chapter of the fifth edition of «Morris's Human Anatomy», describing the anatomy and experiments on the function of the LCF, is provided with many remarkable illustrations.

1916WalmsleyT The author discusses the embryonic development and relationships of the LCF in humans and animals.

1917TrevesF_MackenzieC The author discusses the strength and significance of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and its changes in hip dislocations and dysplasia.

1918GrayH Selected fragments of LCF anatomy and color illustrations.

1920-1929

1920FrazerJES The author describes anatomy, embryology, development, and attachment of the LCF.

1921BrausH The author describes the anatomy, attachment, shape, properties and changes in pathology of the LCF.

1922LeeserI The fragment from the Book of Genesis recounts the journey of the family of Patriarch Jacob from Charan to Canaan (Gen. 31:1 – 33:20). In the provided excerpt of the ancient text, for the first time in history, the injury to the LCF of a man is mentioned (Gen. 32:26,33).
1923PreussJ The author translates the biblical term "גיד" into scientific language as LCF and notes the possibility of its damage in an animal.

1926HeyGrovesEH The author proposes fixation of the femoral head by creating a LCF from the joint capsule during reduction of congenital hip dislocation.
1927HeyGrovesEH The author describes fixation of the femoral head by creating a LCF from the joint capsule during reduction of congenital hip dislocation.
The First Open Reconstruction The first open reconstruction of the LCF was performed in 1926 by Ernest William Hey Groves.

1930-1939

1930PhemisterDB. The author discusses the involvement of the LCF arteries in the blood supply and metaplasia of the femoral head.

1934BökerH The author discusses the attachment, role and movement of the LCF.

1934FrancisETB The author points out that the salamander has two acetabular ligaments, analogous to the LCF.

1934WaldenstromJ The author suggests a connection between damage to the vessels of the LCF and the phenomena of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head during epiphysiolysis.

1940-1949

1943StrayerJrLM The author describes in detail the embryonic development, attachment and structure of the LCF.

1948EpsteinI The editor comments on the words of Rabbi Samuel (Shmuel) in the tractate Hullin of the Babylonian Talmud, explaining the location of the LCF in relation to the joint and its differences from the sciatic nerve.

1950-1959

1953LangA_BalintJ The authors discuss the arterial vessels of the LCF and the blood supply to the femoral head.

1956PelletL. The first endoprosthesis (image) In 1954, Leon L. Pellet proposed the first hip joint endoprosthesis with an analog of the LCF.
1956PelletLL Hip arthroplasty with flexible securing means [invention].
1956SingerCJ Galen writes about the high resiliency and hardness of LCF, and also notes its connective function.
1957SingerC The author discusses the connective function of the LCF, as well as its damage in hip dislocation and pathological transformation.

1960-1969

1965KolleschJ_KudlienF Hegetor and Apollo of Kition write about the connective function and attachment areas of the LCF, and discuss its damage in hip dislocation.

1968TrevorD The author discusses E. Hey Groves's operation for reconstruction of the LCF in the reduction of congenital hip dislocation.

1969DeeR The author discusses the nervous system of the LCF and its role in hip biomechanics.

1970-1979

1974SchwartzDL_HallerJAJr Open anterior hip dislocation with femoral vessel transection in a child [damage to the LCF].

1976CrelinES The author described an experimental study of the role of LCF in stabilizing the hip joint and its significance for the occurrence of congenital hip dislocation.

1978DavidT Prosthetic device for use as a hip joint [invention]

1980-1989

1980WalkerJM The author discusses the embryonic development and size of the LCF in normal and dysplastic hips.

1986SambandanS Traumatic open posterior dislocation of the hip: case report [atrophy of the LCF in a child !?].

1990-1999

1990DudkoGE Method of endoprosthetics of proximal end of femur [invention].

1990PerepichkaVD Endoprosthesis of proximal epimethaphysis of femur bone [invention].

1991FussFK_BacherA New aspects of the morphology and function of the human hip joint ligaments.

1992NeverovVA_ShilnikovVA Method for plastic surgery on the femoral head in applying hip joint endoprosthesis [invention].

1993ArkhipovSV Complete hip joint prosthesis designed by S.V. Arkhipova. Patent RU2089135.

1994(a)ArkhipovSV Unipolar endoprosthesis of hip joint designed. Patent Application №94038343.
1994(b)ArkhipovSV Artificial hip joint designed by S.V. Arkhipov. Application for invention № 94040447.
1996(a)ArkhipovSV Total hip joint prostheses. Application for invention №96110296.
1996(b)ArkhipovSV Total hip joint prostheses. Application for invention №96110298.
1996(c)ArkhipovSV Hip joint prostheses. Application for invention №96110383.
1996(d)ArkhipovSV The endoprosthesis of the femoral head. Application for invention №96118782.
1996(e)ArkhipovSV Hip prosthesis. Application for invention №96118874.
1996(f)ArkhipovSV Hip prosthesis. Application for invention №96119857.
1996(g)ArkhipovSV Hip endoprosthesis. Application for invention №96120312.
1996(h)ArkhipovSV The endoprosthesis of the femoral head. Application for invention №96120500.
1996(i)ArkhipovSV The endoprosthesis of the femoral head. Application for invention №96120542.
1996(j)ArkhipovSV Hip prosthesis. Application for invention №96120703.
1996(k)ArkhipovSV Hip prosthesis. Application for invention №96120828.

1997McCandlissR Coaxial ligamented hip prosthesis [invention].
1996ChenHH_LeeMC The authors investigate the strength of the LCF in avascular necrosis and femoral neck fracture.

1998AlkalayD_MellerI Transarticular tumor invasion via ligamentum teres: A clinical-pathologic study of 12 patients.

1999DennisDA_KomistekRD Method and apparatus for hip prosthesis [invention].

The images were created in collaboration with the Image Creator service from Microsoft

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THE DOCTRINE OF LCF

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1802PalmeraniÁ

Palmerani Á , drawing Jacob wrestling with the angel (1802 ). Depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not prevail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work: Ninth month, eleventh day ( 2024 АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ). Ángel Palmerani – Jacob Wrestling with the Angel ( 1802); original in the a...

Human LCF intersection

HUMAN LCF INTERSECTION In the south of China, in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the archaeological Neolithic site of Dingsishan was investigated. Burials of 355 people were found in this place. The authors of the article (2024YeZ_LiFJ) identified 91 skeletons with traces of manipulations with the remains. They are attributed to burials of the Dingsishan III-IV phase, aged 8.0-4.5 thousand years. 13 notches were found on the proximal part of various femurs. « Cutmarks on the femoral head, neck and intertrochanteric line, as well as along the medial linea aspera of the femoral shaft, suggest that soft tissue around the hip, including the iliofemoral ligament and the iliacus and adductor muscles, was severed to disarticulate the joint.» This and other postmortem bone injuries «... suggests that corpse treatment at Dingsishan included disarticulation » (2024YeZ_LiFJ). Figure 4 of the cited article shows the distribution and direction of cutmarks on human skeletons from Dingx...

1614PagniniS

Content [i] Annotation [ii] Original text (in Latin) [iii] English translation [iv] Source & links [v] Notes [vi] Authors & Affiliations [vii] Keywords [i] Annotation Fragment from the book: Pagnini S. Thesaurus linguae sanctae, sive lexicon hebraicum (1614, Vol. 1). The author examines the translation into Latin of the term denoting ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in Hebrew biblical texts. The text in Russian is available at the following link: 1614PagniniS . [ii] Original text (in Latin) Quote, p. 392 ניר est Neruus Genesis 32.32 Idcirco non comedent (pro, comedunt) filij Israel ניר את neruum. Et Iesah 48.4 וניד & nerruus serreus ceruix tua: vel, secundum Rab. Dair. & virga ferrea: sic appellate, quòd nerui sint ceruice בניד in neruo Genes. 32.32. Iech 37.6. Et dabo super vos צירים neruos. Ijob 10. II ossibusq;...

1140St.Marie-Madeleine

Basilica of Saint Mary Magdalene of Vézelay, capital s – Jacob with the Angel (1125 – 1140). Depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work: Ninth month, eleventh day ( 2024 АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ). Basilica of Saint Mary Magdalene of Vézelay (1125 – 1140). Capital (...

2003IvanovYV

Ivanov YV, panel, wood carving – Jacob Wrestling with the Angel (2003). Variant of depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work: Ninth month, eleventh day ( 2024 АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ). Ivanov Yuri Vitalievich – Jacob Wrestling with the Angel (2003); im...

The First Scientific Mention

European science has known the LCF for about 2500 years. It is the most important functional connection of the hip joint. The first person to describe the LCF was Hippocrates (c. 460-370 BCE). A written mention of the LCF is found in §1 of his treatise "On the Instrument of redactions". In our opinion, a book created in the library of the Asclepeion of the island of Kos. Hippocrates did not dissection of the human body, did not operate on the hip joint, did not have a CT scan and MRI. How he could discover the LCF? In our view, it is possible that Hippocrates treated a patient with an open hip dislocation. Track Music: Blue Dot Sessions , Vittoro (CC BY-NC 4.0 DEED / fragment) keywords: ligamentum capitis femoris, ligament of head of femur, ligamentum teres, hip dislocation . ...

Human Children. Retelling of Chapter 10

Short retelling of chapter 10 of the essay: Arkhipov S.V. Human Children: The Origins of Biblical Legends from a Physician's Perspective. Joensuu: Author's Edition, 2025. [In Russian] Chapter 10. THE ARK AND THE CAVE The Book of Genesis does not specify where Noah lived before the flood, but it is plausible his home was in the "land of Nod." To save his family and terrestrial animals, Noah builds an ark measuring "three hundred cubits" long, "fifty cubits" wide, and "thirty cubits" high, coated with pitch inside and out. The vessel has three decks, a pyramidal roof, a side door, and a window, likely at the top. Noah loads his wife, three sons with their wives, and representatives of birds, reptiles, and "clean and unclean cattle." The text lists some "passengers": Noah’s sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth, and mentions "beasts," "cattle," "creeping things," "flying creatures,"...

1899ParsonsFG

An excerpt from the article by Parsons FG. The joints of mammals compared with those of man: a course of lectures delivered at the Royal College of Surgeons of England (1899, pp. 301-306). The paper discusses the anatomy and presence of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in different animals. The author found in an experiment that in kangaroos, the LCF was stretched during hip extension. Below we publish an excerpt from the abstract and a critique of the lecture in the Lancet. THEJOINTS OF MAMMALS COMPARED WITH THOSE OF MAN: A COUBSE OF LECTURES DELIVERED AT THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OF ENGLAND. By F. G. PARSONS, F.R.C.S., late Hunterian Professor. PART II.-JOINTS OF THE HIND LIMB. THE HIP JOINT. SOME of the chief points which attract attention in the hip joint of man are the three thickened parts of the capsule called the ilio-femoral, ischio-femoral, and pubo-femoral ligaments, as well as the intra-articular ligamentum teres running from the bottom of the ac...

Tweet of March 1, 2026

Quotes from articles and books published in February 2025 mentioning the #ligamentum_capitis_femoris. [En] https://roundligament.blogspot.com/2026/03/lcf-in-2026-february.html [Ru] https://kruglayasvyazka.blogspot.com/2026/03/lcf-2026.html Tweet of March 1, 2026 #ligamentum_teres #hip_joint BLOG CONTENT TWITTER OR X

Homo antecessor. Hip disarticulation

HOMO ANTECESSOR. Hip disarticulation Postmortem separation of the leg from the pelvis in individuals of own species was performed by our evolutionary predecessors. In particular, this was done in the Homo antecessor community, which practiced cannibalism (2003TuttC). Ferna Y. et al. (1999) described evidence of intentional crushing of the femur diaphysis in a young individual (ATD6-76), presumably to extract bone marrow. The bone retained traces of not only several impacts by a striker, but also of an anvil on which the bone lay. The age of the said find in the Gran Dolina cave (Spain) is estimated at about 780 thousand years (1999FernaY_RosellJ). The above features indicate that the femur was initially separated from the soft tissues. In the second stage, the butcher had to use a stone tool to cut the muscles and strong external ligaments of the hip joint. In the next stage, he tore, or perhaps cut off, the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) to mobilize the hip and further manipul...

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