Skip to main content

1965KolleschJ_KudlienF

 

Fragment from the book Kollesch J, Kudlien F. Apollonii Citiensis In Hippocratis De articulis commentaries (1965). Hegetor and Apollo of Kition write about the connective function and attachment areas of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), and discuss its damage in hip dislocation. See our commentary at the link: 1965KolleschJ_KudlienF [Rus], and 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV; translation into Latin: 1745CocchiA.


Quote 1.

[Grc]

Περὶ αρθρων πραγματεὶα. Βιβλιον γʹ.

(original source: 1965KolleschJ_KudlienF, pp. 78, 80).


[Deu]

Apollonios von Kition Uber die gelenke buch 3.

Ich wundere mich über die Herophileer, die sich mit Hingabe der vielgerühmten Anatomie widmen, besonders aber über Hegetor. Denn in seiner Schrift Über die Ursachen hat er sich über die Oberschenkelausrenkung folgendermaßen geäußert, wenn er die unten angeführten Sätze schreibt: «Warum aber nehmen sich diejenigen, die sich nur auf die Erfahrung stützen, nicht vor, eine andere Einrenkung des Oberschenkelkopfes außer denen, die jetzt verworfen worden sind, ausfindig zu machen, nach der er, wenn er ausgerenkt war, eingerenkt, in seiner Lage bleibt, obwohl sie an Hand des Analogieschlusses sehen, daß das, was eingerenkt wird, auch in seiner Lage bleibt, nämlich der Unterkiefer und der Oberarmkopf, ferner der Ellenbogen, das Knie, jeder Finger und jede Zehe und nahezu die meisten Gelenke, die auszurenken pflegen? Denn da sie sich in keiner Weise denken können, warum denn nur dieses Gelenk, wenn es ausgerenkt ist und wieder eingerenkt wurde, nicht in seiner Lage bleiben kann, und da sie sich auf das stützen, was häufiger bei den übrigen Gelenken geschieht, werden sie mit einiger Wahrscheinlichkeit zu der Ansicht gelangen, es könnte vielleicht eine bessere Einrenkungsmethode geben, bei der das Gelenk in seiner Lage bleiben wird, denn sie halten sich ja an das, was in der Regel bei den übrigen geschieht. Wenn sie aber von der Anatomie her die Ursache erkannt hätten, daß es der Fall ist, daß eine Sehne vom Oberschenkelkopf ausgeht, die mitten in die Gelenkpfanne hineinführt; wenn sie (unversehrt) bleibt, ist es unmöglich, daß der Oberschenkel wieder ausrenkt, wenn sie aber zerrissen ist, kann sie keine feste Verbindung (wieder) erlangen, wenn aber keine feste Verbindung vorhanden ist, kann wiederum das Gelenk nichtin seiner Lage bleiben, so daß man, da ja die Ursache klar ist, überhaupt Abstand davon nehmen kann, einen ausgerenkten Oberschenkel einzurenken, und man nicht Versuchen nachzugehen braucht, die zum Scheitern verurteilt sind. (original source: 1965KolleschJ_KudlienF, pp. 79-81).


Quote 2.

[Grc]

Περὶ αρθρων πραγματεὶα. Βιβλιον γʹ.

(original source: 1965KolleschJ_KudlienF, pp. 86, 88)

[Deu]

Apollonios von Kition Uber die gelenke buch 3.

Da dies so ist, hatte der Arzt (Hippokrates), wenn der ausgerenkte und eingerenkte Oberschenkel wirklich nicht in seiner natürlichen Lage bliebe, ausdrücklich auf die Unheilbarkeit des Falles hingewiesen, damit wir nicht in die Irre gehen. Haben nun etwa diejenigen, die die entgegengesetzte Meinung vertreten, von der Natur der Gelenke und der der Sehnen und von der Lehre über diese Dinge als ganze keine Kenntnis? Denn der Arzt (Hippokrates) hat bei den Gelenken, die leicht oder andererseits schwer ausrenken und eingerenkt werden, die natürliche Anlage, die dem Habitus entsprechende Verfassung und die Harte oder die mit Feuchtigkeit verbundene Schlaffheit der Sehnen dafiir verantwortlich gemacht, so daß auch bei den Ausrenkungen am Oberschenkel, wenn man einmal ihrer nicht Herr wurde, dies nicht deswegen geschieht, weil die Sehne zerriß, sondern wegen der natürlichen Schwäche und Schlaffheit der Sehnen, wie er von den Rindern sagt, daß sie an dieser Stelle von Natur schlaffe Gelenke haben. (original source: 1965KolleschJ_KudlienF, pp. 87-89).


Translation

[Eng]

Quote 1.

Commentary On Joints (Commentary on the Hippocrates’ book On Joints). Book 3.

I am amazed at the followers of Herophilus, who devoted themselves to the vaunted anatomy, but especially at Hegetor. For in his work "On Causes" he expressed himself thus about the dislocation of the hip, when he wrote the following sentence: Why don’t those who rely only on experience seek to find any other [way] of reduction the femoral head for those who have it dislocated, in such a way that every time it dislocates, it can be reset? After all, we can observe that the lower jaw, and the humeral head, the elbow, and the knee, and each finger, and the majority of joints that may dislocate, can be reset in a similar way. For, not being able to understand why this joint only, after dislocation and repeated reduction, won’t remain in its place, and seeing what often happens with other joints, they will probably come to the conclusion that there might be a better way of reduction, after which the joint will stay [set]. If they only thought about the reason from the point of view of anatomy, - because the femoral head is a foundation for the ligament (νεῦρον) [of femoral head], which grows into the middle of acetabulum; and when it remains [intact], the femur cannot dislocate, but when it ruptures, the hip cannot provide a firm connection; and when there is a lack of connection, the joint cannot remain in place. Since the reason has been clarified, one can refrain altogether from a reduction of a dislocated femur and not make attempts doomed to failure. (original source: 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV)


Quote 2.

Commentary On Joints (Commentary on the Hippocrates’ book On Joints). Book 3.

If the dislocated and displaced hip could not remain in place, then the physician [Hippocrates] would have clearly indicated the incurability of this case, so that we would not be led astray. Don't those who hold the opposite opinion know about the nature of joints, ligaments and the teachings about these things in general? After all, the physician considered the cause of the mild or, on the contrary, complex displacement and setting of the joints the natural structure, condition, and strength or sprain of the ligaments, associated with moisture, so that with respect to hip dislocation, if it does not remain [in place], this happens not because the ligament (νεῦρον) [of the femoral head] is torn, but because of the natural weakening or stretching of the ligaments, just as he says about the bulls that their joints are mobile by nature. (original source: 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV)



External links

Kollesch J, Kudlien F. Apollonii Citiensis In Hippocratis De articulis commentaries; ediderunt J.Kollesch et F.Kudlien, in linguam Germanicam transtulerunt J.Kollesch et D.Nickel. Berolini; in aedibus Academiae Scientiarum, 1965. [cmg.bbaw.de]

Arkhipov SV, Prolygina IV. Ancient Textual Sources on Ligamentum Teres: Context and Transmission. MLTJ. 2020;10(3):536-546. [mltj.online , mltj.online(PDF) , researchgate.net]

Authors & Affiliations

Jutta Kollesch (1933- ) German classical philologist and medical historian. [wikipedia.org]

Fridolfn Kudlien (1928-2008) was a German medical historian. [wikidata.org, wikipedia.org]

Hegetor (Ἡγήτωρ, III-II cent. BC, ca. 130 BC) was a Greek physician, surgeon, and medical writer. [wikipedia.org, quod.lib.umich.edu,  1957SingerCJ]

Apollonius Citiensis (Ἀπολλώνιος ὁ Κιτεύς, Apollonios von Kition, Apollonius von Kitium, Apollonios of Kition, Apollonios of Citium; 90-15 BC, or сa. 60 BC) was a Greek physician, surgeon, and medical writer. [wikipedia.org, 2014SerageldinI]

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, synonym, attachment, role, dislocation, damage, Hegetor, Apollonius Citiensis

                                                                    

NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7

BLOG CONTENT

 ANCIENT MENTIONS

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

A BRONZE AGE MEDICAL CASE HISTORY. Title and contents

  Book manuscript: Arkhipov S.V.  A Bronze Age Medical Case History: Interpreting the Book of Genesis in the Light of Modern Medicine. Kyrö : Author’s Edition, 2026. – 808 pp. – 52 tables. – Bibliographical references: 959 entries.   ISBN 978-952-19-7020-7    play.google.com  ,   books.google.com   Title, Abstract and Contents  CONTENT [i] Abstract [ii] Dedication [iii] Book Covers and Title [iv] Table of Contents [v] Application [i] ABSTRACT This special "case history" book is the culmination of the author's long-standing career as an orthopaedic surgeon with a passion for the history of medicine. At the heart of this popular science study lies a Middle Bronze Age patient who sustained an injury to the ligament of the head of femur (ligamentum teres). The narrative, drawn from the Book of Genesis, is cross-checked against data from archaeology, history, natural science, linguistics, and modern medicine. The processed and structur...

1997ArkhipovSV

  METHOD FOR PLASTIC SURGERY OF THE LIGAMENT OF THE FEMORAL HEAD (Способ пластики связки головки бедра) Patent Application RU97121050A Inventor Сергей Васильевич Архипов Original Assignee Sergey Vasilyevich Arkhipov Application RU97121050/14A events 1997-12-17 Application filed by С . В . Архипов 1999-09-27 Publication of RU97121050A Claims A method for plasty of the femoral head ligament by forming a channel in the proximal femur, characterized in that the bone-tendon graft with two bone fragments is connected at one end to the proximal femur and the other to the pelvic bone. Description of the invention Description in Russian is available at the link: 1997 АрхиповСВ (the blog has a translation function).   External links: Arkhipov SV. Method for plastic surgery of the ligament of the femoral head. Application for invention № 97121050 (022657) dated December 17, 1997. [in Russian] ( Архипов СВ. Способ пластики связки головки бедра. Заявка на изоб...

Eryops megacephalus

ERYOPS MEGACEPHALUS Eryops megacephalus Cope 1877 is an early tetrapod from the Permian (298 .9-251.9  Ma ), apparently showing strong similarities to salamanders (2022HerbstEC_HutchinsonJR; 2023CohenKM_C arN). Adults reached an advanced degree of terrestrial habitation and a size of about three meters from head to tail (2002SchochRR). Eryops megacephalus (Lower Permian); top – reconstruction of the skeleton; bottom – appearance of the animal, sculptor Ya.M. Eglon; exposition of the Orlov Paleontological Museum (Moscow); photo by the author. Anatomical evidences of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in Eryops megacephalus is suggested by certain features in fossilized pelvic and femoral bones. Notable LCF indicators on the femur include the fovea capitis, the groove on the femoral head, and the femoral head’s tuberosity. In the pelvic bone, signs of LCF presence include acetabular notches, an acetabular fossa, perforations, and irregularities on the acetabular surface. We used th...

YOUR PUBLICATION IN THE BLOG

  The blog's publications are dedicated to the ligament of the head of femur, called ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in Latin. Articles and illustrative material, updated and publicly discussed. On our platform, you can post your text about LCF for free in any language and further edit it. It is permissible to publish of significant quotes, annotation, or the entire work of another author, provided that his legal rights are respected. Participation in the project is a promising type of scientific cooperation, a way to increase efficiency in clinical practice and the effectiveness of research activities. Here, everyone's contribution is multiplied by the knowledge and experience of colleagues, as well as previous generations of doctors and scientists who have studied LCF. All writers gain a convenient opportunity: to participate in discussions on the topics raised in their article, to receive comments from experts, valuable advice in practical work and scientific research. ...

A BRONZE AGE MEDICAL CASE HISTORY. Prologue

  Book manuscript: Arkhipov S.V. A Bronze Age Medical Case History: Interpreting the Book of Genesis in the Light of Modern Medicine. Kyrö : Author’s Edition, 2026. – 808 pp. – 52 tables. – Bibliographical references: 959 entries. ISBN 978-952-19-7020-7    play.google.com ,   books.google.com Prologue ProLOGUE CONTENT [i] Text [ii] Navigation [iii] Application [i] Text The present work is based on a medical hypothesis formulated by the author. According to this assumption, the protograph of the Book of Genesis was written in Egypt in the late 17th century BCE following the Minoan eruption, with the participation of an encyclopaedic physician. The formulated hypothesis undoubtedly requires comprehensive discussion by the interdisciplinary research community. The theoretical possibility of such a work appearing in the Nile Valley finds support in the history of writing. The earliest texts were compiled in the Tigris – Euphrates basin and Ancient Egypt. In th...

2009LozierAL_RichDB

      Invention (Patent): Lozier AL, Parrott RM, Rich DB. Joint space interpositional prosthetic device with internal bearing surfaces. US8979935B2 (200 9 ).    US8979935B2 US Inventors: Antony J. Lozier, Russell M. Parrott, David B. Rich Current Assignee: Zimmer Inc Worldwide applications 2008 US EP WO Application US12/179,707 events: 2008-07-25 Application filed by Zimmer Inc 2008-07-25 Priority to US12/179,707 2008-08-27 Assigned to ZIMMER, INC. 2009-02-05 Publication of US20090036995A1 2015-03-17 Application granted 2015-03-17 Publication of US8979935B2 Status: Active 2032-03-18 Adjusted expiration   Joint space interpositional prosthetic device with internal bearing surfaces Antony J. Lozier, Russell M. Parrott, David B. Rich   Abstract Joint space interpositional prosthetic devices for positioning between surfaces of a joint in a patient are disclosed. The prosthetic device may have exterior surfaces affixed to the joint surfaces and may have i...

1879BischoffTLW

  A fragment from the work by Bischoff TLW. Beiträge zur Anatomie des Gorilla (1879). The paper discusses the size of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) of gorilla.   Quote p. 1 8. [Deu] 5. Muskeln der unteren Extremität. Ich erwähne zunächst, dass mein Gorilla an dem mehr als eine Halbkugel bildenden Schenkelkopf ein ansehnlich langes Ligam. teres besitzt. Translation [Eng] 5. Muscles of the lower limbs. First of all, I would like to point out that my gorilla has a rather long round ligament on the head of the femur, which forms more than one hemisphere. External links Bischoff TLW. Beiträge zur Anatomie des Gorilla. Abh. d. II. Cl. d. k. Ak. d. Wiss. XIII. Bd. III. Abth. Munchen: Verlag der Akademie, in Commission bei G. Franz. 1879. zobodat.at Authors & Affiliations Theodor Ludwig Wilhelm von Bischoff (1807-1882) was a German physician and biologist. wikipedia.org Theodor Ludwig Wilhelm von Bischoff  (circa  870).  Unknown author;  original in the...

The First Publication on Prevention

  In our opinion, the first publication on the topic of preventing of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury is the abstract of the report: “Arkhipov-Baltiysky SV. On increasing the safety of jumping from heights. Abstracts of reports of the All-Russian Conference ... “Trauma in peacetime and war” (Anapa, 2005).” This text not only holds historical significance but remains relevant for sports, armed forces, circus performers, and other extreme activities. The online version of « О безопасности прыжков с высоты » (On the Safety of High-Altitude Jumps) was published in 2005 on the website « Морфомеханика » www.enet.ru/~archipov/ (no longer supported, archived copy ), specifically in the section « Архив публикация автора » (Archive publications of the author). Translation of the original text from Russian : On Increasing the Safety of Jumping from Heights S . V . Arkhipov-Baltiysky In modern military operations and counter-terrorism activities, personnel of the armed force...

LCF in 2026 (October)

    LCF in 2026 ( October )  (Quotes from articles and books published in October   2026 mentioning the ligamentum capitis femoris)   Sha, M. S., Liu, M. Y., Li, M. H., Shen, M. L., Li, M. W., Liu, M. W., ... & Yin, M. Q. (2026). Hip arthroscopy with comprehensive capsular closure following longitudinal outside-in capsulotomy showed improved clinical outcomes in symptomatic borderline hip dysplasia: A retrospective study with minimum 2-year follow-up. Journal of ISAKOS , 21 , 101226.   [i]     jisakos.com   Hou, D., Ndjonko, L., Johnson, S. R., England, P., Sheth, U., & Tjong, V. K. (2026). Both Knotless and Traditional Knot‐Tying Suture Anchors Result in Favorable Clinical Outcomes in the Treatment of Acetabular Labral Tears: A Systematic Review. Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation , e70092.   [ii]   pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov   Garcia, L. C., Rosário, D. A. V., Garcia Filho, F. C., Cantao, M., Sena, T. F. L....

Homo antecessor. Hip disarticulation

  HOMO ANTECESSOR. Hip disarticulation Postmortem separation of the leg from the pelvis in individuals of own species was performed by our evolutionary predecessors. In particular, this was done in the Homo antecessor community, which practiced cannibalism (2003TuttC). Ferna Y. et al. (1999) described evidence of intentional crushing of the femur diaphysis in a young individual (ATD6-76), presumably to extract bone marrow. The bone retained traces of not only several impacts by a striker, but also of an anvil on which the bone lay. The age of the said find in the Gran Dolina cave (Spain) is estimated at about 780 thousand years (1999FernaY_RosellJ). The above features indicate that the femur was initially separated from the soft tissues. In the second stage, the butcher had to use a stone tool to cut the muscles and strong external ligaments of the hip joint. In the next stage, he tore, or perhaps cut off, the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) to mobilize the hip and further manipul...