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1965KolleschJ_KudlienF

 

Fragment from the book Kollesch J, Kudlien F. Apollonii Citiensis In Hippocratis De articulis commentaries (1965). Hegetor and Apollo of Kition write about the connective function and attachment areas of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), and discuss its damage in hip dislocation. See our commentary at the link: 1965KolleschJ_KudlienF [Rus], and 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV; translation into Latin: 1745CocchiA.


Quote 1.

[Grc]

Περὶ αρθρων πραγματεὶα. Βιβλιον γʹ.

(original source: 1965KolleschJ_KudlienF, pp. 78, 80).


[Deu]

Apollonios von Kition Uber die gelenke buch 3.

Ich wundere mich über die Herophileer, die sich mit Hingabe der vielgerühmten Anatomie widmen, besonders aber über Hegetor. Denn in seiner Schrift Über die Ursachen hat er sich über die Oberschenkelausrenkung folgendermaßen geäußert, wenn er die unten angeführten Sätze schreibt: «Warum aber nehmen sich diejenigen, die sich nur auf die Erfahrung stützen, nicht vor, eine andere Einrenkung des Oberschenkelkopfes außer denen, die jetzt verworfen worden sind, ausfindig zu machen, nach der er, wenn er ausgerenkt war, eingerenkt, in seiner Lage bleibt, obwohl sie an Hand des Analogieschlusses sehen, daß das, was eingerenkt wird, auch in seiner Lage bleibt, nämlich der Unterkiefer und der Oberarmkopf, ferner der Ellenbogen, das Knie, jeder Finger und jede Zehe und nahezu die meisten Gelenke, die auszurenken pflegen? Denn da sie sich in keiner Weise denken können, warum denn nur dieses Gelenk, wenn es ausgerenkt ist und wieder eingerenkt wurde, nicht in seiner Lage bleiben kann, und da sie sich auf das stützen, was häufiger bei den übrigen Gelenken geschieht, werden sie mit einiger Wahrscheinlichkeit zu der Ansicht gelangen, es könnte vielleicht eine bessere Einrenkungsmethode geben, bei der das Gelenk in seiner Lage bleiben wird, denn sie halten sich ja an das, was in der Regel bei den übrigen geschieht. Wenn sie aber von der Anatomie her die Ursache erkannt hätten, daß es der Fall ist, daß eine Sehne vom Oberschenkelkopf ausgeht, die mitten in die Gelenkpfanne hineinführt; wenn sie (unversehrt) bleibt, ist es unmöglich, daß der Oberschenkel wieder ausrenkt, wenn sie aber zerrissen ist, kann sie keine feste Verbindung (wieder) erlangen, wenn aber keine feste Verbindung vorhanden ist, kann wiederum das Gelenk nichtin seiner Lage bleiben, so daß man, da ja die Ursache klar ist, überhaupt Abstand davon nehmen kann, einen ausgerenkten Oberschenkel einzurenken, und man nicht Versuchen nachzugehen braucht, die zum Scheitern verurteilt sind. (original source: 1965KolleschJ_KudlienF, pp. 79-81).


Quote 2.

[Grc]

Περὶ αρθρων πραγματεὶα. Βιβλιον γʹ.

(original source: 1965KolleschJ_KudlienF, pp. 86, 88)

[Deu]

Apollonios von Kition Uber die gelenke buch 3.

Da dies so ist, hatte der Arzt (Hippokrates), wenn der ausgerenkte und eingerenkte Oberschenkel wirklich nicht in seiner natürlichen Lage bliebe, ausdrücklich auf die Unheilbarkeit des Falles hingewiesen, damit wir nicht in die Irre gehen. Haben nun etwa diejenigen, die die entgegengesetzte Meinung vertreten, von der Natur der Gelenke und der der Sehnen und von der Lehre über diese Dinge als ganze keine Kenntnis? Denn der Arzt (Hippokrates) hat bei den Gelenken, die leicht oder andererseits schwer ausrenken und eingerenkt werden, die natürliche Anlage, die dem Habitus entsprechende Verfassung und die Harte oder die mit Feuchtigkeit verbundene Schlaffheit der Sehnen dafiir verantwortlich gemacht, so daß auch bei den Ausrenkungen am Oberschenkel, wenn man einmal ihrer nicht Herr wurde, dies nicht deswegen geschieht, weil die Sehne zerriß, sondern wegen der natürlichen Schwäche und Schlaffheit der Sehnen, wie er von den Rindern sagt, daß sie an dieser Stelle von Natur schlaffe Gelenke haben. (original source: 1965KolleschJ_KudlienF, pp. 87-89).


Translation

[Eng]

Quote 1.

Commentary On Joints (Commentary on the Hippocrates’ book On Joints). Book 3.

I am amazed at the followers of Herophilus, who devoted themselves to the vaunted anatomy, but especially at Hegetor. For in his work "On Causes" he expressed himself thus about the dislocation of the hip, when he wrote the following sentence: Why don’t those who rely only on experience seek to find any other [way] of reduction the femoral head for those who have it dislocated, in such a way that every time it dislocates, it can be reset? After all, we can observe that the lower jaw, and the humeral head, the elbow, and the knee, and each finger, and the majority of joints that may dislocate, can be reset in a similar way. For, not being able to understand why this joint only, after dislocation and repeated reduction, won’t remain in its place, and seeing what often happens with other joints, they will probably come to the conclusion that there might be a better way of reduction, after which the joint will stay [set]. If they only thought about the reason from the point of view of anatomy, - because the femoral head is a foundation for the ligament (νεῦρον) [of femoral head], which grows into the middle of acetabulum; and when it remains [intact], the femur cannot dislocate, but when it ruptures, the hip cannot provide a firm connection; and when there is a lack of connection, the joint cannot remain in place. Since the reason has been clarified, one can refrain altogether from a reduction of a dislocated femur and not make attempts doomed to failure. (original source: 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV)


Quote 2.

Commentary On Joints (Commentary on the Hippocrates’ book On Joints). Book 3.

If the dislocated and displaced hip could not remain in place, then the physician [Hippocrates] would have clearly indicated the incurability of this case, so that we would not be led astray. Don't those who hold the opposite opinion know about the nature of joints, ligaments and the teachings about these things in general? After all, the physician considered the cause of the mild or, on the contrary, complex displacement and setting of the joints the natural structure, condition, and strength or sprain of the ligaments, associated with moisture, so that with respect to hip dislocation, if it does not remain [in place], this happens not because the ligament (νεῦρον) [of the femoral head] is torn, but because of the natural weakening or stretching of the ligaments, just as he says about the bulls that their joints are mobile by nature. (original source: 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV)



External links

Kollesch J, Kudlien F. Apollonii Citiensis In Hippocratis De articulis commentaries; ediderunt J.Kollesch et F.Kudlien, in linguam Germanicam transtulerunt J.Kollesch et D.Nickel. Berolini; in aedibus Academiae Scientiarum, 1965. [cmg.bbaw.de]

Arkhipov SV, Prolygina IV. Ancient Textual Sources on Ligamentum Teres: Context and Transmission. MLTJ. 2020;10(3):536-546. [mltj.online , mltj.online(PDF) , researchgate.net]

Authors & Affiliations

Jutta Kollesch (1933- ) German classical philologist and medical historian. [wikipedia.org]

Fridolfn Kudlien (1928-2008) was a German medical historian. [wikidata.org, wikipedia.org]

Hegetor (Ἡγήτωρ, III-II cent. BC, ca. 130 BC) was a Greek physician, surgeon, and medical writer. [wikipedia.orgquod.lib.umich.edu,  1957SingerCJ]

Apollonius Citiensis (Ἀπολλώνιος ὁ Κιτεύς, Apollonios von Kition, Apollonius von Kitium, Apollonios of Kition, Apollonios of Citium; 90-15 BC, or сa. 60 BC) was a Greek physician, surgeon, and medical writer. [wikipedia.org, 2014SerageldinI]

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, synonym, attachment, role, dislocation, damage, Hegetor, Apollonius Citiensis

                                                                    

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