Skip to main content

1965KolleschJ_KudlienF

 

Fragment from the book Kollesch J, Kudlien F. Apollonii Citiensis In Hippocratis De articulis commentaries (1965). Hegetor and Apollo of Kition write about the connective function and attachment areas of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), and discuss its damage in hip dislocation. See our commentary at the link: 1965KolleschJ_KudlienF [Rus], and 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV; translation into Latin: 1745CocchiA.


Quote 1.

[Grc]

Περὶ αρθρων πραγματεὶα. Βιβλιον γʹ.

(original source: 1965KolleschJ_KudlienF, pp. 78, 80).


[Deu]

Apollonios von Kition Uber die gelenke buch 3.

Ich wundere mich über die Herophileer, die sich mit Hingabe der vielgerühmten Anatomie widmen, besonders aber über Hegetor. Denn in seiner Schrift Über die Ursachen hat er sich über die Oberschenkelausrenkung folgendermaßen geäußert, wenn er die unten angeführten Sätze schreibt: «Warum aber nehmen sich diejenigen, die sich nur auf die Erfahrung stützen, nicht vor, eine andere Einrenkung des Oberschenkelkopfes außer denen, die jetzt verworfen worden sind, ausfindig zu machen, nach der er, wenn er ausgerenkt war, eingerenkt, in seiner Lage bleibt, obwohl sie an Hand des Analogieschlusses sehen, daß das, was eingerenkt wird, auch in seiner Lage bleibt, nämlich der Unterkiefer und der Oberarmkopf, ferner der Ellenbogen, das Knie, jeder Finger und jede Zehe und nahezu die meisten Gelenke, die auszurenken pflegen? Denn da sie sich in keiner Weise denken können, warum denn nur dieses Gelenk, wenn es ausgerenkt ist und wieder eingerenkt wurde, nicht in seiner Lage bleiben kann, und da sie sich auf das stützen, was häufiger bei den übrigen Gelenken geschieht, werden sie mit einiger Wahrscheinlichkeit zu der Ansicht gelangen, es könnte vielleicht eine bessere Einrenkungsmethode geben, bei der das Gelenk in seiner Lage bleiben wird, denn sie halten sich ja an das, was in der Regel bei den übrigen geschieht. Wenn sie aber von der Anatomie her die Ursache erkannt hätten, daß es der Fall ist, daß eine Sehne vom Oberschenkelkopf ausgeht, die mitten in die Gelenkpfanne hineinführt; wenn sie (unversehrt) bleibt, ist es unmöglich, daß der Oberschenkel wieder ausrenkt, wenn sie aber zerrissen ist, kann sie keine feste Verbindung (wieder) erlangen, wenn aber keine feste Verbindung vorhanden ist, kann wiederum das Gelenk nichtin seiner Lage bleiben, so daß man, da ja die Ursache klar ist, überhaupt Abstand davon nehmen kann, einen ausgerenkten Oberschenkel einzurenken, und man nicht Versuchen nachzugehen braucht, die zum Scheitern verurteilt sind. (original source: 1965KolleschJ_KudlienF, pp. 79-81).


Quote 2.

[Grc]

Περὶ αρθρων πραγματεὶα. Βιβλιον γʹ.

(original source: 1965KolleschJ_KudlienF, pp. 86, 88)

[Deu]

Apollonios von Kition Uber die gelenke buch 3.

Da dies so ist, hatte der Arzt (Hippokrates), wenn der ausgerenkte und eingerenkte Oberschenkel wirklich nicht in seiner natürlichen Lage bliebe, ausdrücklich auf die Unheilbarkeit des Falles hingewiesen, damit wir nicht in die Irre gehen. Haben nun etwa diejenigen, die die entgegengesetzte Meinung vertreten, von der Natur der Gelenke und der der Sehnen und von der Lehre über diese Dinge als ganze keine Kenntnis? Denn der Arzt (Hippokrates) hat bei den Gelenken, die leicht oder andererseits schwer ausrenken und eingerenkt werden, die natürliche Anlage, die dem Habitus entsprechende Verfassung und die Harte oder die mit Feuchtigkeit verbundene Schlaffheit der Sehnen dafiir verantwortlich gemacht, so daß auch bei den Ausrenkungen am Oberschenkel, wenn man einmal ihrer nicht Herr wurde, dies nicht deswegen geschieht, weil die Sehne zerriß, sondern wegen der natürlichen Schwäche und Schlaffheit der Sehnen, wie er von den Rindern sagt, daß sie an dieser Stelle von Natur schlaffe Gelenke haben. (original source: 1965KolleschJ_KudlienF, pp. 87-89).


Translation

[Eng]

Quote 1.

Commentary On Joints (Commentary on the Hippocrates’ book On Joints). Book 3.

I am amazed at the followers of Herophilus, who devoted themselves to the vaunted anatomy, but especially at Hegetor. For in his work "On Causes" he expressed himself thus about the dislocation of the hip, when he wrote the following sentence: Why don’t those who rely only on experience seek to find any other [way] of reduction the femoral head for those who have it dislocated, in such a way that every time it dislocates, it can be reset? After all, we can observe that the lower jaw, and the humeral head, the elbow, and the knee, and each finger, and the majority of joints that may dislocate, can be reset in a similar way. For, not being able to understand why this joint only, after dislocation and repeated reduction, won’t remain in its place, and seeing what often happens with other joints, they will probably come to the conclusion that there might be a better way of reduction, after which the joint will stay [set]. If they only thought about the reason from the point of view of anatomy, - because the femoral head is a foundation for the ligament (νεῦρον) [of femoral head], which grows into the middle of acetabulum; and when it remains [intact], the femur cannot dislocate, but when it ruptures, the hip cannot provide a firm connection; and when there is a lack of connection, the joint cannot remain in place. Since the reason has been clarified, one can refrain altogether from a reduction of a dislocated femur and not make attempts doomed to failure. (original source: 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV)


Quote 2.

Commentary On Joints (Commentary on the Hippocrates’ book On Joints). Book 3.

If the dislocated and displaced hip could not remain in place, then the physician [Hippocrates] would have clearly indicated the incurability of this case, so that we would not be led astray. Don't those who hold the opposite opinion know about the nature of joints, ligaments and the teachings about these things in general? After all, the physician considered the cause of the mild or, on the contrary, complex displacement and setting of the joints the natural structure, condition, and strength or sprain of the ligaments, associated with moisture, so that with respect to hip dislocation, if it does not remain [in place], this happens not because the ligament (νεῦρον) [of the femoral head] is torn, but because of the natural weakening or stretching of the ligaments, just as he says about the bulls that their joints are mobile by nature. (original source: 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV)



External links

Kollesch J, Kudlien F. Apollonii Citiensis In Hippocratis De articulis commentaries; ediderunt J.Kollesch et F.Kudlien, in linguam Germanicam transtulerunt J.Kollesch et D.Nickel. Berolini; in aedibus Academiae Scientiarum, 1965. [cmg.bbaw.de]

Arkhipov SV, Prolygina IV. Ancient Textual Sources on Ligamentum Teres: Context and Transmission. MLTJ. 2020;10(3):536-546. [mltj.online , mltj.online(PDF) , researchgate.net]

Authors & Affiliations

Jutta Kollesch (1933- ) German classical philologist and medical historian. [wikipedia.org]

Fridolfn Kudlien (1928-2008) was a German medical historian. [wikidata.org, wikipedia.org]

Hegetor (Ἡγήτωρ, III-II cent. BC, ca. 130 BC) was a Greek physician, surgeon, and medical writer. [wikipedia.orgquod.lib.umich.edu,  1957SingerCJ]

Apollonius Citiensis (Ἀπολλώνιος ὁ Κιτεύς, Apollonios von Kition, Apollonius von Kitium, Apollonios of Kition, Apollonios of Citium; 90-15 BC, or сa. 60 BC) was a Greek physician, surgeon, and medical writer. [wikipedia.org, 2014SerageldinI]

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, synonym, attachment, role, dislocation, damage, Hegetor, Apollonius Citiensis

                                                                    

NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7

BLOG CONTENT

 ANCIENT MENTIONS

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

1531SteucoA

   Content [i]   Annotation [ii]   Original text (in  Latin) [iii]   English translation [iv]   Source  &  links [v]   Notes [vi]   Authors & Affiliations [vii]   Keywords [i]   Annotation Fragments from the book: Steuco A . Augustini Steuchi Eugubini Veteris Testamenti ad ueritatem Hebraicam recognitio (1531). The author discusses the term ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in the book of Genesis and notes that this structure serves a supporting and motor function and, when injured, causes lameness. The text in Russian is available at the following link: 1531SteucoA . [ii]   Original text (in   Latin) Quote p. 308 Tetigit neruum fœmoris כַּף יְרֵבוּ id est Latitudinem coxæ asseruntqs. Hebræi significare hoc loco latum os coxæ: ut ab Auen Esdra quoqs annotatu est : in ea parte neruus coxæ est : at qs hoc est quòd post neruū arefactum claudicabat Iacob. Nõ enim neruus hoc loco, membrű genitale significat: q...

1155Abenezra

  Content [i]   Annotation [ii]   Original text [iii]   English translation [iv]   Source  &  links [v]   Notes [vi]   Authors & Affiliations [vii]   Keywords [i]   Annotation Fragment from the book: Ezra AM. Ibn Ezra’s Commentary on the Pentateuch. Genesis (Bereshit) (1155). The author discusses the interpretation of the term gid ha-nasheh denoting ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in the book of Bereshit. The text in Russian is available at the following link: 1155Abenezra . [ii]   Original text Bereshit 32:33 ( sefaria.org )   [iii]   English translation Genesis 32:33 THE SINEW OF THE THIGH-VEIN. The meaning of the term gid ha-nasheh (the sinew of the thigh-vein) is known from the tradition received and transmitted to us by the Talmudic sages.49 No one but those lacking in understanding and knowledge of nature have any doubt as to its definition. The latter interpret gid (sinew) to refer to the penis and h...

LCF in 2026 (April)

  LCF in 2026 ( April )  (Quotes from articles and books published in  April  2026 mentioning the ligamentum capitis   femoris)     Kamakura, F., Tsuzaki, Y., Matsushita, T., Ishigaki, Y., & Yasuda, G. (2026). A Rare Case of Adult Non-traumatic Recurrent Anterior Hip Joint Dislocation. Cureus , 18 (4).  [i]   сureus.com , assets.cureus.com/pdf Canata, G. L., Casale, V., & Ioppolo, M. (2026). Dance. In   Injury Prevention and Care in Artistic Sports   (pp. 33-42). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.     [ii]     link.springer.com   Tekmen, E., Sever, S. N., Cirak, M. T., Golpinar, M., Canbeyli, I. D., & Turhan, B. (2026). Perspectivas Morfométricas y Morfológicas Basadas en el Sexo de la Cabeza Ósea Femoral y de la Fóvea de la Cabeza Ósea Femoral.   International Journal of Morphology ,   44 (1), 276-282.    [iii]     scielo.cl   ,    scielo.cl/pdf ...

THE TRUTH INJECTION

  The "Truth Injection" Impact on AI and 4 Billion People: Informed Insight or AI Hallucination? Sergey V. Arkhipov & Google Gemini   CONTENT [i]   Abstract [ii]   A Briefe Backstory [iii]   Interview [iv]   References [v]   Application [i]   Abstract While examining modern biblical criticism, I engaged in a discussion with Artificial Intelligence regarding my book,  “ 50 Tables of Evidence for the Composition of Genesis in Late Second Intermediate Period Egypt ” . The machine’s apocalyptic prediction concerning half of the world's population and the evolution of computer technology left me puzzled. To verify this prophecy and seek counsel from "natural intelligence," I am publishing my conversation with the AI. This may be of interest to others, as will response to the machine’s final last question regarding religious worldview: «Now that the "antidote" is in your system, do you feel more prepared to face a world without a "sacred" fou...

NEWS 2026

New publications of our resource   in 2026 The initial phase of collecting data on LCF, accumulated prior to the 20th century, is largely complete. Next, we plan to analyze and synthesize thematic information, adding data from the 20th and 21st centuries. The work will focus primarily on: prevention, diagnosis, arthroscopy, plastic surgery, and endoprosthetics.  May 11 , 2026  THE TRUTH INJECTION .   Interview with Artificial Intelligence (Google Gemini model). Topic:  Critique of the Pentateuch. May 5 , 2026 1155Abenezra The author discusses the interpretation of the term gid ha-nasheh denoting LCF in the book of Bereshit.   1531SteucoA  The author discusses the term LCF in the book of Genesis and notes that this structure serves a supporting and m otor function and, when injured, causes lameness May 1 , 2026 LCF in 2026 (April) .  Quotes from articl es and books published in April   2026 mentioning the ligamentum capitis femoris....

Online Journal «ABOUT ROUND LIGAMENT OF FEMUR», April 2026

The journal is dedicated to the  ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF)  and related topics   About the Journal   »»»                                                                                . The online journal  « About Round Ligament of  Femur »   was created based on the scientific blog of the same name. The resource is the English-language part of the project:  ONLINE JOURNAL:  Ligamentum capitis femoris .   Updates:  As new materials are prepared. Mission :   Popularization and preservation of knowledge about LCF, as well as promoting its practical application. Main goal:  Improvement of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of injuries and diseases of the hip joint. Publisher:  Arkhipov S.V., independent re...

BLOG CONTENT

  T he ligament of the head of femur or ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) is the key to a graceful gait and understanding the causes of hip joint diseases. We present promising scientific knowledge necessary for preserving health,  to create new implants and techniques  of treating degenerative  pathology and damage of the hip joint. Project objective : preserving a normal gait and quality of life, helping to study of hip joint biomechanics, developing effective treatments for its diseases and injuries. In translating to English, the author is assisted by ChatGPT (version 3.5)  and the Google Translate service .  We're sorry for any flaws in the syntax. The meaning makes up for the imperfections!     TABLES OF CONTENTS    Acetabular Canal   (Anatomy, topography and significance of the functioning area of ​​the ligamentum capitis femoris) Acetabular Canal.  Part 1.   This article describes the space where the ligam...

2024MiglioriniF_MaffulliN

   Abstract and table 4 ( overview of LCF tear classification ) of the article Migliorini F et al. The ligamentum teres and its role in hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review.  (2024). Translation into Russian is available at the link: 2024MiglioriniF_MaffulliN . Systematic Review / Open access / Published: 20 December 2024 The ligamentum teres and its role in hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review Filippo Migliorini, Federico Cocconi, Tommaso Bardazzi, Virginia Masoni, Virginia Gardino, Gennaro Pipino, Nicola Maffulli  Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology  volume 25, Article number: 68 (2024)    Abstract Background The ligamentum teres (LT) has received attention in patients undergoing hip arthroscopy (HA) for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Indeed, a better understanding of the function of the LT and its implications for cli...

THE DOCTRINE OF LCF

  THE DOCTRINE OF  ligamentum capitis femoris:   An Instrument of Knowledge and Innovation. Definition: A set of theoretical provisions on all aspects of knowledge about the anatomical element ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). 1. Structure of the Doctrine of LCF 2.  Practical Application of the Doctrine of LCF : 2.1. Diagnostics 2.1. Prevention   2.3. Prognosis 2.4. Pathology 2.5. Veterinary   2.6. Professions     2.7. Products     2.8. Surgery   3. Theory of LCF Mechanics    4. The Base of the Doctrine of LCF 5. Stairway to the Past or History of the Doctrine of LCF 6. Ultimate Depth of Researches   7. Appendices 7.1. Acceptable Synonyms      Structure of the Doctrine of  ligamentum  capitis  femoris .       E     a     R                   T                   ...

Key Role of the LCF

  In the experiments conducted on the pelvis-femur-muscle-ligaments model, we found that when the contralateral pelvic drop occurs, the ligament of the head of femur become maximally tense; simultaneously, there is relaxation and lengthening of the gluteus medius muscle; the pelvis spontaneously rotates towards the stance limb (forward), and the load on the hip joint decreases. Thanks to the functioning of the ligament of the head of femur the walking is smooth, rhythmic, and energy-efficient. Track Music:  Blue Dot Sessions , Vittoro (CC BY-NC 4.0 DEED / fragment)  "Take care of the ligament of the head of femur for yourself and your neighbor!" .                                                                       . keywords: ligamentum capitis femoris, ligament of head of femur, ligamentum te...