Skip to main content

1905BardeenCR

 

An excerpt from the article by Bardeen CR. Studies of the development of the human skeleton (1905). The author briefly discusses the emergence of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF).


Quote p. 287

The hip-joint is represented at first by a dense mass of scleroblastema, Fig. 55. The development of the acetabulum by ingrowth and fusion of processes from the iliac, ischial and pubic cartilages has already been described. The cartilagenous joint-cavity is at first quite shallow, Fig. 56. But extension of cartilage into the blastemal tissue which passes from the pelvis over the head of the femur serves greatly to deepen it on all sides except in the region of the cotyloid notch.

The joint-cavity is at first completely filled with a dense blastemat tissue, Fig. 56. While the embryo is growing from 20 to 30 mm. in length cavity formation begins in the tissue lying between the cartilagenous floor of the acetabulum and the head of the femur. The first stage in the process is marked by a condensation of the capsular tissue immediately bordering upon the joint and of the perichondral tissue which at this stage covers the cartilages on their articular surfaces as well as elsewhere. In the region of the ligamentum teres a fibrous band is likewise differentiated from the blastema of the joint. The rest of the tissue becomes looser in texture and ultimately is absorbed, Fig. 57. Henke and Reyher, 74, gave a good account of the development of the hip joint. Moser has discussed the ligamentum teres.

 

PLATE XII.

FIG. 54. Section from Embryo CXLIV, length 14 mm., showing the pubic, iliac and ischial cartilages. 14 diam.

FIG.55. Section passing longitudinally through the femur and tibia of Embryo CLXXV, length 1S mm. A portion of the foot-plate is shown cut obliquely. 14 diam.

FIG.56. Longitudinal section through the ilium, femur, and tibia of Embryo XXII, length 20 mm. 1.6 diam.

FIG.57. Section through the pubis, ilium, ischium and head of the femur of Embryo CCXXVII, length 30 mm. The hip-joint cavity shows well. It does not extend into the region of the ligamentum teres. 14 diam.

FIG. 58. Section through the ilium, ischium and head of the femur of Embryo LXXIX, length 33 mm. Calcification is beginning in the ilium.

 

External links

Bardeen CR. Studies of the development of the human skeleton. Am. J. Anat. 1905;4:265-302. scholar.archive.org


Authors & Affiliations

Charles Russell Bardeen (1871-1935) was an American physician and anatomist, Professor of Anatomy of the University of Wisconsin. wikipedia.org


Charles Russell Bardeen, M.D.
(September 1914) Author Simon Leonard Stein; original in the 
wikimedia.org collection.org
(CC0 – Public Domain, color correction).


Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, anatomy, embryology, development


                                                                      

NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7



Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Australopithecus afarensis

  AUSTRALOPITHECUS AFARENSIS In 1735, Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778) placed humans as a species «Homo nosce te ipsum» in the order Anthropomorpha along with monkeys and sloths (1735LinneC). In a publication in 1758, the naturalist transferred humans to the order Primates (1758LinneC). Today, humans and chimpanzees are united in the tribe Hominini, as descended from a common ancestor (2001GrovesCP). It has been established that the chromosome that distinguishes humans from monkeys was formed before 4.5 Ma (2022PoszewieckaB_GambinA). The hominin subfamily Sahelanthropus tchadensis lived in the Republic of Chad (Central Africa) from 7.2±0.31 to 6.8±0.45 Ma (2008LebatardAE_BrunetM; 2012ReynoldsSC_GallagherA). Reconstruction of its musculoskeletal system showed that the creature could have been an upright bipedal primate (2005ZollikoferCP_BrunetM). Fossils of what is probably the first bipedal representative of the hominid family Orrorin tugenensis, lived 6.1-5.7 Ma and still retained adapta...

Great Compilation. Chapter 17

    English version of the article:  Архипов СВ. Книга Берешит как великая компиляция текстов и смыслов Второго переходного периода Египта: пилотная культурологическая, медицинская, археологическая и текстологическая экспертиза преданий против традиционной атрибуции. Введение.  О круглой связке бедра . 14.02.2026 .  The text in Russian is available at the following link:  2026АрхиповСВ .    The Book of Genesis as a Great Compilation of Texts and Meanings from the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt: A Pilot Culturological, Medical, Archaeological, and Textological Examination of the Legends versus Traditional Attribution.  Chapter 17   By Sergey V. Arkhipov, MD, PhD   CONTENT [i]   Abstract [ii]   Book of Genesis. Chapter 17 Analysis [iii]   Notes to Chapter 17 [iv]   AI Agent's Conclusion [v]   Content [vi]   External links [vii]   Application [i]   Abstract The Book of Genesis (Bereshith) wa...

Great Compilation. Chapter 38

  English version of the article:  Архипов СВ. Книга Берешит как великая компиляция текстов и смыслов Второго переходного периода Египта: пилотная культурологическая, медицинская, археологическая и текстологическая экспертиза преданий против традиционной атрибуции. Введение.  О круглой связке бедра . 14.02.2026 .  The text in Russian is available at the following link:  2026АрхиповСВ .    The Book of Genesis as a Great Compilation of Texts and Meanings from the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt: A Pilot Culturological, Medical, Archaeological, and Textological Examination of the Legends versus Traditional Attribution.  Chapter 38   By Sergey V. Arkhipov, MD, PhD   CONTENT [i]   Abstract [ii]   Book of Genesis. Chapter 38 Analysis [iii]   Notes to Chapter 38 [iv]   AI Agent's Conclusion [v]   Content [vi]   External links [vii]   Application [i]   Abstract The Book of Genesis (Bereshith) was compo...

862-885Cyril_Methodiu

  On the Book of Genesis translated into Old Slavonic by Cyril and Methodius ( 862-885 ). Presumably, the translators used the Glagolitic alphabet, less likely the Cyrillic alphabet. A Old Slavonic terms that may have been used to refer to the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) of an animal and a human = sinew. See our commentary at the link: 862-885Cyril_Methodius [Rus]. Quote [Chu (Glagolitic)] ⰽⱀⰺⰳⰰ ⰱⱏⰹⱅⰺⱑ ( ⱔ ) Original source lost, possible term: … ⰶⰺⰾⰰ … [ž ila ] (transliteration: drevlit.ru , cphpvb.net ) [Chu (Cyrillic)] Быти ѥ (1912МихайловАВ) Original source lost. The term used to refer to LCF in the 15th century was: … жилы ... (original source: 15cent. Пятокнижие   Моисеево , p. 34) Translation [Eng] Glagolitic: Book of Genesis … sinew … Cyrillic : Genesis … of sinew … Пятокнижие   Моисеево , XV cent. External links Пятокнижие Моисеево [с прибавлениями], 15 в. [ lib-fond.ru ] Михайлов АВ. Опыт изучения текста Книги Бытия пророка Моисея в древне...

Great Compilation. Chapter 12

  English version of the article:  Архипов СВ. Книга Берешит как великая компиляция текстов и смыслов Второго переходного периода Египта: пилотная культурологическая, медицинская, археологическая и текстологическая экспертиза преданий против традиционной атрибуции. Введение.  О круглой связке бедра . 14.02.2026 .  The text in Russian is available at the following link:  2026АрхиповСВ .    The Book of Genesis as a Great Compilation of Texts and Meanings from the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt: A Pilot Culturological, Medical, Archaeological, and Textological Examination of the Legends versus Traditional Attribution.  Chapter 12   By Sergey V. Arkhipov, MD, PhD   CONTENT [i]   Abstract [ii]   Book of Genesis. Chapter 12 Analysis [iii]   Notes to Chapter 12 [iv]   AI Agent's Conclusion [v]   Content [vi]   External links [vii]   Application [i]   Abstract The Book of Genesis (Bereshith) was compo...

Human Children. Retelling of Chapter 3

Short retelling of chapter 3 of the essay: Arkhipov S.V. Human Children: The Origins of Biblical Legends from a Physician's Perspective. Joensuu: Author's Edition, 2025. [In Russian]  Chapter 3. THE DAWN OF SURGERY The animal kingdom exhibits numerous forms of social support, many of which lay the groundwork for rudimentary medical practices. Insects like bees, fish such as cichlids, amphibians like bullfrogs, reptiles like crocodiles, and most birds and mammals demonstrate care for their offspring. Lions and wolves feed injured kin, while buffalo and flocking birds collectively defend against predators. Marine mammals assist struggling companions to the surface for air, and elephants help free trapped herd members from mud or aid them in standing. These behaviors hint at the origins of altruism, a trait that extends to early medical instincts. Animals also engage in self-medication and basic healing. Birds employ various techniques to combat ectoparasites, while moths, ant...

Tweet of February 22, 2026

  An original perspective on the dating and authorship of the Book of Genesis. This approach can reconcile all faiths, including atheists and scientists. English version of the article: https://roundligament.blogspot.com/2026/02/great-compilation-introduction.html Tweet of February 22, 2026 #Bible # Genesis  #ligamentum_teres   BLOG CONTENT TWITTER OR X                                                                            

New Biomechanics in Illustrations

  The New Biomechanics of the Hip Joint: A Pictorial Essay S.V. Arkhipov  INTRODUCTION  First in the history of humanity, the mention of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and the pathomechanics of walking associated with its damage is found in the ancient literary monument “Book of Genesis” (32:24-24,31-32), created approximately 3600 years ago (2019Arkhipov_Skvortsov; 2023 Архипов ). Fig. 1 The LCF = ligamentum teres of the hip joint, drawing by H.V. Carter (1870Grey). Fig. 2 Pencil drawing “Crossing of the Jabbok River” based on the “Book of Genesis” 32:22 (author: Lyudmila Arkhipova, 2008). The first description of LCF in a medical text is given by Hippocrates of Kos in the treatise “Instruments of Reductions” or “ Mochlicus ”, written in the V-IV centuries BCE (1844Littre). We know that with the normal LCF, walking it is light, rhythmic, and symmetrical, but we don't know “why ”. See video:  Supplement 1  Normal Walking We don't even know why we wi...

1827PaxtonJ

  Visualization of the ligament through the hole in the the capsule. Illustra ted by James Paxton based on the book Paley W. Natu ral Theology ( first edition 1802 , without illustrations). TAB. XI. THE HIP, KNEE AND ANKLE JOINTS. FIG. 1. The capsular ligament is here opened in order to show the ligament of the hip, named the round ligament. It allows considerable latitude of motion,  at the same time that it is the great safe-guard against dislocation. External links Paxton J. Illustrations of Paley's Natural theology: with descriptive letter press. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, Little, and Wilkins, 1827. [ wellcomecollection.org ] Paley W. Natural Theology: or, Evidences of the Existence and Attributes of the Deity, Collected from the Appearances of Nature. Boston: Lincoln and Edmands, 1829. [ books.google ] Authors & Affiliations James Paxton (1786-1860) was a British surgeon and medical writer. [ wikipedia.org ]   William Paley (1743-1805) was an English ...

THE DOCTRINE OF LCF

  THE DOCTRINE OF  ligamentum capitis femoris:   An Instrument of Knowledge and Innovation. Definition: A set of theoretical provisions on all aspects of knowledge about the anatomical element ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). 1. Structure of the Doctrine of LCF 2.  Practical Application of the Doctrine of LCF : 2.1. Diagnostics 2.1. Prevention   2.3. Prognosis 2.4. Pathology 2.5. Veterinary   2.6. Professions     2.7. Products     2.8. Surgery   3. Theory of LCF Mechanics    4. The Base of the Doctrine of LCF 5. Stairway to the Past or History of the Doctrine of LCF 6. Ultimate Depth of Researches   7. Appendices 7.1. Acceptable Synonyms      Structure of the Doctrine of  ligamentum  capitis  femoris .       E     a     R                   T                   ...