The publication describes the
design of a total hip joint endoprosthesis, which became a prototype of an
artificial hip joint with analogous to the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF).
Complete hip joint prosthesis designed by S.V. Arkhipova
(Полный протез тазобедренного сустава конструкции С.В. Архипова)
Patent RU2089135
Inventor
Sergey Vasilyevich Arkhipov
Сергей Васильевич Архипов
Original Assignee
Sergey Vasilyevich Arkhipov
Сергей Васильевич Архипов
1993-12-30 Application filed by Сергей Васильевич Архипов
1993-12-30 Priority to RU93057862A
1996-07-27 Publication of RU93057862A
1997-09-10 Application granted
1997-09-10 Publication of RU2089135C1
Abstract
FIELD: medicine; prosthetics. SUBSTANCE:
proposed complete prosthesis for hip joint comprises femoral component and
acetabular components, both components being interconnected by pivot. Outer
surface of acetabular component is provided with threads and grooves. Shank is
made in form of collet chuck, tabs of which are spaced apart by regulator.
Grooves are provided with openings adapted to receive fixtures made of metal
possessing shape memory effect. Pivot is provided with flexible hose filled
with biologically inert liquid. EFFECT: good design of hip joint prosthesis. 9 dwg
Claims
Offers a complete hip
prosthesis allows for easy and precise implantation of the prosthesis,
increased patient comfort during use of the prosthesis. Acetabular prosthesis
component was collected by inserting into the grooves of fastening elements are
screwed into the pelvis acetabulum and connected to the femoral component. The
surrounding tissue is heated prosthesis fastening elements, and transfer them
to a working condition, the tabs are bent further fixing in the pelvis bone
acetabular component and connecting it with the socket head of the femoral
component of the hinge. After implantation of the prosthesis sutured surgical
field. A similar construction may be used after changing the sizes of its
components for a shoulder joint prosthesis.
Description
This invention relates to
orthopedics, and more particularly to prosthetic joints and may be used to
replace a damaged hip joint.
Known full prosthetic hip
joint, comprising acetabular and femoral components, the latter of which is
provided with a cylindrical-conical shank with two blades and the cup acetabular
component is provided with a five-beveled blades with through holes, providing
biological binding it in the acetabulum without cement basin (1).
The disadvantage of this
prosthesis is that the fixation of the stem in the medullary canal of the femur
is not enough tough and eventually weakens. This leads to the need to replace
the prosthesis shank or additional strengthening in the medullary canal.
The closest in technical
essence and the achieved effect of the proposed hip joint prosthesis is a total
hip prosthesis, adopted by the author for the prototype and the contents
acetabular and femoral components acetabulum which is formed of two elements,
namely a metal body, cemented or screwed, and the insert of polyethylene (2).
The disadvantage of a hip
prosthesis is that the acetabulum is inserted into the pelvic bone with cement
or screwed into it without additional fixation. It is therefore possible displacement of
the acetabulum in the course of its operation from the originally installed
position.
The aim of the invention is
to reduce the operation time on total joint arthroplasty, increasing the
reliability of fixation, joint prosthesis constraint from surrounding tissue
and a reduction of possible complications.
The goal is achieved in that
the complete prosthetic hip joint comprising a femoral and acetabular
components, which are pivotally interconnected, the outer surface of the
acetabular component is provided with threads and grooves having a
through-hole, and the hinge itself is formed integrally by the fact that the
joint socket head covers more than half of its surface, the head of the femoral
component of the hinge is integral with its hollow shank formed as a collet
which wedges diluted via element regulation, the threaded and screwed into the
inner shank passage, the upper end of which is provided with a rim, into the
holes of the acetabular component of grooves includes a head socket protrusions
joint femoral component, and the grooves of the acetabular component inserted
fastening elements made from memory metal, in addition, with socket joint head
and the shank surface is connected a flexible sleeve filled with fluid bioinert
and acetabular component is provided with a rim that prevents protrusion
acetabular component and in the pelvis.
FIG. 1 a general view of a
hip prosthesis assembly; FIG. 2 - regulating member divergence collet wedges; FIG. 3 the cross section
of FIG. A 1 to A; FIG. 4 shows a section of
FIG. B 1 to B; FIG. 5 perspective view
of the femoral component with the integral hinge; FIG. 6 acetabular component;
FIG. 7 perspective view of the acetabular
component assembly; FIG. 8 fastening element acetabular component in the active state;
FIG. 9 fastening element acetabular
inoperative.
Full hip prosthesis structure
SV Arhipova femoral component 1 comprises a shank 2 which is a hollow shaped
tube 3 with a threaded neck 4. 5 of the femoral component 1 is attached the
head of the hinge 6, which is inserted into the socket 7, the outer surface of
which is provided with projections 8.
The lower part of the shank 2
is in the form of the collet 9, the distance between the wedges 10, which
varies the adjustment member 11 whose upper part is provided with threads 12
and hexagon head 13, and the bottom is formed as a cone 14. To increase the
stability of the femoral component 1 into the medullary canal its upper end
provided with a rim 15. With the hinge shaft 2 and the socket 7 is connected to
a flexible hose 16 filled with liquid bioinert 17. Furthermore the shank 2 is
provided with a derotation edges 18 and grooves 19.
Acetabular component 20 is
provided with threaded recesses 21 and 22 in which the set of fastening
elements 23 with locking hooks 24, 25 and 26 and the rim 27 and grooves 22 have
openings 28.
This complete hip prosthesis
set as follows. The shank 2 of the femoral component 1 with a pre-screwed into
the adjusting element 11 it introducing into the medullary canal of the femur
and the head 13 is rotated for the adjustment member 11. In this case, moving
along the vertical axis, the latter with its conical part 14 spreads to the
side wedges 10 of the collet 9 which are resting on the wall of the medullary
canal bone, femoral component 1 is fixed.
Acetabular component
prosthesis 20 is collected by inserting into the grooves 22 of fastening
elements 23, are in working order. The assembled acetabular component 20 is
cooled for fixing the transfer elements 23 in the inoperative condition, is
screwed into the pretreated acetabular pelvic cavity and connected to the
femoral component 1. In this case the projections 8 of seat 7 of the head 6
includes a hinge hole 28 grooves 22 of the acetabular component 20. The
surrounding tissue prosthesis heated fastening elements 23 and transfer them to
a working state wherein the latches 24, 25, and 26 are bent in accordance with
a configuration of metal embedded in memory, from which they are made. Catches
25 and 26 are introduced additionally securing the acetabular component in the
pelvic bone 20 and retainers 24 secured to the acetabular component 20, socket
head 7 of the hinge 6 of the femoral component 1. After implantation, the
prosthesis is sutured incision.
When loosening of the femoral
component 1 during the operation of the proposed prosthetic hip after tissue
dissection thigh spin up hexagonal head 13 for adjustment member 11 so that the
wedges 10 of the collet 9 dispersed, reinforcing one femoral component in the
medullary canal of the femur. Then the incision was sutured.
If necessary, retrieving the
femoral component 1 of the acetabular component 20 is cooled, and then folded
tabs 24 and release the femoral component 1 from the fixation of the acetabular
component 20.
If it is necessary to remove
the acetabular component 20 from the acetabulum of the pelvis after separation
of the above parts of the prosthesis is cooled entire acetabular component 20
with fastening members 23 that needs to last deactivated and allows unimpeded
twist acetabular component 20 from the bone.
A similar construction may be used after changing the sizes of its components for a shoulder joint prosthesis.
External links:
Arkhipov S. Complete hip joint
prosthesis designed by S.V. Arkhipova. Patent RU2089135, Appl. 1993-12-30; Publ. 1997-09-10, Bulletin. № 25. [in
Russian] (Архипов СВ. Полный протез тазобедренного сустава конструкции С.В. Архипова. Патент РФ № 2089135, Заявл. 30.12.1993; Опублик. 10.09.1997, Бюл. № 25.) [patents.google]
Keywords:
hip joint, external
ligaments, capsule, endoprosthesis, total, bipolar, prototype, ligamentum capitis femoris,
ligaments
ENDOPROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS
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