IRON AGE

IRON AGE: Approximately the first millennium BC (10th-1st century BCE)

Catalog of archived "publications" of the specified period

1st century BCE

25bc-50Celsus The author recommends specific treatment for the traumatic pathology of LCF.
80-58bcApollonius Citiensis The author discusses the connective function of the LCF, as well as its damage in hip dislocation and pathological transformation.

2nd century BCE

130bcHegetor The author discusses the connective function of the LCF, as well as its damage in hip dislocation and pathological transformation.

3rd century BCE

3-1cent.bcSeptuaginta The text in ancient Greek contains references to the LCF of an animal and a human.
300-100bcHeracleides Tarentinus The author discusses the connective function of the LCF, as well as its damage in hip dislocation and pathological transformation.

4th century BCE

5th century BCE

445bсEzra An extreme Hebrew version of a passage from the Book of Bereshit mentioning the LCF of an animal and a human.

The First Scientific Mention (video) The first described of the LCF is Hippocrates (ca. 460-370 BCE).

480-413bcHippocrates The author reports the presence of LCF in the acetabulum and indicates its distal attachment site.
5-2cent.bcSamaritan Pentateuch The Samaritan text contains references to the LCF of an animal and a human.
The Shortest Comments on Genesis, Chap. XXXII-XXXIII In the selected excerpt, the symptoms, mechanism, and differential diagnostic test for the injury to LCF are provided, along with details about the circumstances, time, and place of the biblical trauma.

6th century BCE

7th century BCE

650-570bcJeremiah_Baruch The editors of the book of Bereishit mention the LCF of the animal.

8th century BCE

8cent.bcHomer The poet describes an open hip fracture-dislocation, which is usually accompanied by damage to the LCF.

9th century BCE

10th century BCE

911-612bcK2453 A recommendation for a ritual or magical act may mention the sheep's LCF.
922-722bcElohist A variant of the oldest description of damage to the LCF and the cause of lameness in Hebrew, dating from 922-722 BC.

«Library of Pergamon»
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«Library of Alexandria»
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BLOG CONTENT

The Doctrine of LCF

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2025ArkhipovSV. Human Children

The monograph Arkhipov S.V. Human Children: The Origins of Biblical Legends from a Physician's Perspective. An essay with references to interactive materials. 2nd revised and expanded edition. Joensuu: Author's Edition, 2025. [In Russian]. The monograph dates the writing of the Book of Genesis and the events depicted in it, as well as refutes the authorship of Moses. I offer mutually beneficial cooperation (50/50) in literary translation into English or native language. Proofreading of machine translation and cooperation in editing are expected. Requirements for co-author: 1. Native speaker 2. Experience as a writer. E-mail: archipovsv(&)gmail.com Annotation The first version of the Book of Genesis appeared in Ancient Egypt approximately 3,600 years ago, during the Hyksos period. The work was conceived as a fairy tale epic. An unknown physician-encyclopedist, who is also presumed to have authored the Edwin Smith Papyrus, played a role in its composition...

ILIOTIBIAL TRACT & LCF

ILIOTIBIAL TRACT & LCF There is an opinion that the iliotibial tract, like the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), provides pressing of the acetabulum to the lower surface of the femoral head. I think that this is not true. The tract is located above and lateral to the center of rotation of the hip joint. Its force vector, like the force vector of the abductor group of muscles, presses the acetabulum to the upper part of the femoral head, which increases the load on it. The ligamentum capitis femoris acts in the opposite direction. Below is a diagram for a single-support position. #ligamentum_teres #hip #biomechanics #ligamentum_capitis_femoris Publication in the facebook group 04/12/2025. ...

1836WeberW_WeberE

We present fragments from the book that laid the foundation of biomechanics of the hip joint considering the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). The authors experimentally proved that this structure is situated in the frontal plane when the body is in a vertical position. Analysis of observations showed that when standing on one leg, the LCF and the anterior portion of the iliofemoral ligament (pars descendens lig. iliofemoralis) are stretched and hold the pelvis. These ligaments counteract the weight of the body along with the head of the femur on the same side. The insight of the Weber brothers was later developed in the works of H. von Meyer (1856) , W. Turner (1857) , and W. Savory(1874) . Weber W, Weber E. Mechanik der menschlichen Gehwerkzeuge: eine anatomisch-physiologische Untersuchung. Gottingen: Dietrichsche Buchhandlung, 1836. [fragment s ] Quote p. 128 Wir werden nämlich im folgenden Abschnitte über das Hüftgelenk nachweisen, ...

1922LeeserI

A fragment of the Book of Genesis tells about the journey of the family of Patriarch Jacob from Charan to Canaan (Gen. 31:1 – 33:20). The translation into English from of the Masoretic Hebrew text of the Torah was done by Isaac Leeser ( 1922 LeeserI ). «Most scholars agree that the texts now found in Genesis began to be written down sometime after the establishment of the monarchy in Israel in the tenth century BCE» (1992SuggsMJ_MuellerJR). A selected passage from an ancient work mentions for the first time in history the injury of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) of a person is mentioned (Gen. 32:26,33). In the original Hebrew source this anatomical element is referred to as «גיד» (gheed, gid) ( Bereshit 32:33 ; 1923, 2004PreussJ; 2019ArkhipovSV_SkvortsovDV ; 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV ). This term was recorded in writing long before Hippocrates of Kos (V-IV cent. BCE) who used the concept «νεῦρον» to designate LCF (1844LittréÉ). It is not known...

2025ArkhipovSV. Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective

Original in Russian is available at the link: С.В. Архипова «Почему восстановление вертлужной губы может быть неэффективно?» (06.04.2025) , below is a machine translation edited by a non-native speaker (version dated 06/04/2025). Thematic Internet Journal About round ligament of femur April 2025 WHY ACETABULAR LABRUM REPAIR MAY BE INEFFECTIVE?: A NOTE ON THE MYSTERIOUS "DARK MATTER" OF THE HIP JOINT S.V. Arkhipov, Independent Researcher, Joensuu, Finland Abstract Acetabular labrum repair and reconstruction do not prevent hip joint instability during gait and the development of osteoarthritis in the case of an elongated ligamentum capitis femoris. This conclusion is based on mathematical calculations and analysis of experiments conducted on a mechanical hip joint model. Keywords : arthroscopy, hip joint, acetabular labrum, ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur , reconstruction, repair Introduction Nearly 80% of primary hip ar...

ChatGPT. Scientific Review On the Article: “Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective”

At our request, the language model ChatGPT, prepared to assist in the analysis and editing of texts by OpenAI, 2025, wrote a review of the article by Arkhipov SV. Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective: A Note on the Mysterious ‘Dark Matter’ in the Hip Joint ([Ru] Архипов СВ . Почему восстановление вертлужной губы может быть неэффективно?: Заметка о таинственной «темной материи» в тазобедренном суставе. 06.04.2025 ). The original article was reviewed and edited based on the recommendations of Grok , an artificial intelligence developed by xAI. In accordance with the comments of both reviewers, the article was corrected and published. Below is the original text of the review by ChatGPT: Scientific Review and Critical Commentary On the article: “Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective: A Note on the Mysterious ‘Dark Matter’ in the Hip Joint” Author: S.V. Arkhipov, Independent Researcher, Joensuu, Finland I. Scientific...

1876BonnatL

Bonnat L., etude Jacob wrestling with the angel (1876). Depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Jacob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work: Ninth month, eleventh day ( 2024 АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ). Léon Bonnat – Jacob Wrestling with the Angel (1876); original in the wikimedia.org col...

LCF Mechanics

Ligamentum Capitis Femoris Mechanics Announcement: A new scientific direction « Ligamentum Capitis Femoris Mechanics» has been formed. Definition: A section of physiology that develops issues of applying the doctrine of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), its movements and forces to solving medical and biological problems. Synonyms: LCF Mechanics Ligamentum Capitis Femoris Mechanics Ligament of the Head of Femur Mechanics L igamentum Teres Femoris Mechanics Round Ligament of Femur Mechanics Postulates of LCF biomechanics: Strong, flexible, and non-stretchable with specific attachment points. Limits adduction, rotation, and cranial displacement of the femur. Shunts load on the femoral head and the abductor muscle group of the hip joint. Ensures rhythmicity, symmetry, and energy efficiency of walking. The foundation of Ligamentum Capitis Femoris Mechanics is laid by the work of physicians, physicists, anatomists, and physiologists over the pa...

Set of Classifications

General Classification of LCF Pathology Version : 20240420 Annotation Analysis of literature data and our own morphological observations allowed us to propose a General Classification of LCF Pathology. Introduction In Russia, the initial attempts to classify pathology of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) were made by morphologists. L.I. Gaevskaya distinguished three types of LCF: 1) long and thick (length 41–51 mm, thickness 5 mm), 2) short and thin (length 10–20 mm, thickness 1 mm), 3) long and of small thickness (length 43–45 mm, with a thickness of 3 mm, and length 28–30 mm with a thickness of 4–5 mm) (1954 ГаевскаяЛИ ). V.V. Kovanov, A.A. Travin identified three varieties of histological structure of LCF: 1) with a predominance of loose connective tissue; 2) with a predominance of dense connective tissue; 3) with a uniform distribution of loose and dense connective tissue ( 1963 КовановВВ _ ТравинАА ). The development of arthroscopic surgery has made it possible to i...

922-722bcElohist

Excerpt from the book of Bereishit (Genesis), the lost biblical source Elohist, written in Paleo-Hebrew script. A variant of the oldest description of damage to the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and the cause of lameness in Hebrew, dating from 922-722 BCE. See our commentary at the link: 922-722bcElohist [Rus]. Quote [ Paleo-Hebrew ] Elohist. Bereshit 32:32-33 (original source: 5784 Moshe Ben Amram, p. 41; our correction) Translation [Eng] Elohist. Bereshit 32:32-33 and the sun riseth on him when he hath passed over Penuel, and he is halting on his thigh; therefore the sons of Israel do not eat the sinew which shrank, which is on the hollow of the thigh, unto this day, because He came against the hollow of Jacob's thigh, against the sinew which shrank. (our correction-reconstruction of the version 1898 YoungR ( p. 23, Bereishit 32:32-33); preserved the text of the age of 922-722 BC belonging to the lost biblical source "Elohist") Moshe Ben Amram. Pentateuch in P...

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