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2025ArkhipovSV. Physicians Who Became Gods

  

The English translation of the artistic etude by Sergei Arkhipov «Врачи, ставшие Богами: Рационально-критическое богословие». The etude that mentions LCF is based on the Prologue and Epilogue of the essay: Архипов СВ. Дети человеческие: истоки библейских преданий в обозрении врача. Йоэнсуу: Издание Автора, 2025. [Arkhipov SV. Human Children: The Origins of Biblical Legends from a Physician's Perspective]. 



Physicians Who Became Gods: Rational-Critical Theology

By Sergey V. Arkhipov 


 CONTENT

The Prolegomena

The Scene

The play “Immanuel

The Divertissement

The Prelude

The Creation and Birth

The Ministry and Teaching

The Coda

The Reflections after Word and Sound


The Prolegomena

Is it ethical to offer children, the sick, and the less educated a literal or supernatural interpretation of Genesis and the Gospels when a reasonable explanation exists? I propose a rational, interdisciplinary reading of the Scriptures from the perspective of a physician. As a result, through the veil of mysticism emerge the outlines of ancient medicine – early conceptions of the human body, diseases, and healing. This essay does not reject the spiritual quest, but defends the right to understand the foundational texts of religion as cultural, philosophical, and, in part, scientific writings. Such texts can serve humanity without binding it in fear. By approaching Genesis and the Gospels as a collection of metaphorical, medical, and historical parables, we transcend the illusion of miracle and gain knowledge that strengthens both health and reason.

The Scene

Nurmes is a quiet town, anchored among the emerald waves of the hills of Northern Karelia. At night, the windows and lanterns of the settlement are reflected in the adjacent lakes, like the lights of an impressive ship mirrored in a calm harbor. During the day, along the long street-deck, past birch trees standing like masts, wise “passengers” slowly walk and talkative young cyclists rush by. Screaming gulls, damp gusty winds, the roar of boat motors, glimmering ripples, and the abundance of small craft leave no doubt about where you are.

The liner is securely held by invisible chains, and thus, despite the splashing waters, the pitching is imperceptible. The huge vessel does not even tilt under the weight of loaded cars and trains crossing the bridges. There are no peakless caps in sight, but the naval order all around implies that the sailors conscientiously carry out their watch. Instead of short strikes on a gong, the hours are measured by church chimes, spreading over the water area. At some moment, the ship's bell will ring and the boatswain's pipe will sing melodiously: “All hands on deck!”, and the skipper will order: “Hoist the sails!”. And can hear an invisible crew, seemingly preparing to sail, loudly rolls logs and throws them with a clang, perhaps into the ship’s hold.

In daylight hours, the workers salute passing boats with rainbow fountains from watering machines, and in the twilight, they light up the fairway and the firmament with a pink-gold glow. The air, filled with the aroma of sawn resinous wood, is transparent, assertive, and fresh. The captain hesitates, waiting for either the tide, a favorable breeze, or perhaps a cherished sign by which to set off.

The frozen swaying of the malachite hills begins to be adorned with shimmering marble. Through the frosty haze, the ark-city is illuminated by a stingy copper Sun hanging at the winding edge of the near horizon. Gradually, the majestic boat is decorated with sparkling snowflakes, captivated by ice and plunged into concentrated thoughtfulness. There is a feeling of a wintering sea expedition, stuck in the hummocks, guarded by harsh icebergs. Everywhere is filled with a blinding white and motionless silence. Only occasionally can you hear a woodpecker mending rigging, sharply hammering a couple of nails into it.

Pacification...

Suddenly, at the end of a laconic Arctic day, a mysterious revival of the landscape occurs. Colored garlands are lit everywhere, lamps are kindled at the entrances and behind the glass of houses. These human creations are echoed by flashes of auroras, veiling clusters of dazzling constellations in pearlescent hues. Earthly and transcendental fireflies wink at each other, reminding one another of some upcoming event. Once, the secret that was noticed is explained: why the captain was late with the departure, and what the crew of the drakkar-peninsula and the World were expecting.

That evening, the flashes of doorways become more frequent, and the bluish-milk paths are filled with hurrying silhouettes. In the darkness, their streams, skirting snowdrifts, gesticulate, creak with white fluff, and release steam, like smoky battleships on a campaign. The neighborhood strives for the Temple, which soared to a black bottomless vault, crowned with the Star of Bethlehem. As if on the signal of the ship's horn, those who come running crowd near the stage, like sailors at the wheelhouse. Wrapping themselves tighter from the flying cold crystals, the community of different ages reverently freezes in anticipation of the action.

The play “Immanuel

And the cold, anthracite darkness parted. And a corner of Nazareth arose, incomprehensibly stuck in the boundless snows. And no one was at all embarrassed by either the southern location of the place or the carpenter Joseph in his warm attire. And now, the measured righteousness of the cabinetmaker is cut by the descending Archangel. And, standing on a hillock in the shining imprint of the Moon that has sunk into oblivion, the Messenger proclaims: “Do not fear to take Mary as your wife, for she will bear a Son, and they will call His name Immanuel,” as foretold by the prophet.

The humble confusion of the husband in front of an adult gathering evokes a mosaic of feelings. How will everything go on? He did not banish! He welcomed! He puts her on a pony, and leads her quickly away through the darkness. Behind is the whistle of a snowstorm; above are the spruce branches; on the sides is a silent spectator; ahead is the unknown. Terrible Herod gloomily listens to the sedate speech of the Magi, about the imminent birth and accession to the throne of the Ecumenical Ruler. In desperate fear of the collapse of power, the fierce king sends an army to the children to perdition. With spears and torches, without a tremor in their souls, the villains zealously rush after the fugitives.

Travelers rush about, looking for shelter in the blizzard and find no compassion around. Having rejected the persecuted, people do not know that the death hour of their own children is approaching.

The episode of the production is fascinating the contemplators. Memories resurrect the horror of their own ancestors, who repeatedly escaped from the enemy with bundles of belongings and hopeless deprivation on their shoulders. The hand of hard times overtook the weak and minors, casting iconographic images of the deceased from an alloy of hatred and sadness in the memory of those who miraculously remained alive.

A cave in the snowy hillside shelters Mary, while Joseph paces anxiously nearby. Pausing, the man clasped his frozen mittens and looked sadly around the foot of his hillock. A little lower, also agitated, a patient sea of sparkling, sincere eyes spreads out. With each passing second, the frost became stronger: it burned tense faces and freezing hands. The onslaught of swirls aggravated the test of endurance and faith.

Like a bright gleam of a lighthouse in pitch darkness, a newborn's cry suddenly rose to the Heaven. Casting aside the veil, Mary emerges from the grotto, bearing the child for the sacrifice and salvation of the crowd. Wise men and shepherds draw near with reverence, the angels of God descended, the tops of the shaggy pines and the branches of the transparent birches bowed. The approaching celestial lights looked intently into the hearts of the witnesses of the event.

The Divertissement

The once silent disunity awakens, unites with enthusiasm, smiles, makes noise in all sorts of ways, starts dancing to a simple melody and a heartfelt song.

He has come!

The general joy is obscured by the knowledge of the baby's fate, clouds thoughts about the destiny prepared for the Son of Human.

The transformed public, going back to the warmth of their homes, carefully hides in their chilled palms the timid flame of the Christmas candles from the prickly snowstorm. The city-ship, once wrapped in raven-black drapery, begins to shine. The streets are seized by a bustle, just like the embankment at the meeting of the flotilla returning to port. The diverging spectators are mentally transported from modern Nurmes to the New Testament Bethlehem and further to the origins of biblical legends.

In those moments, eyewitnesses and actors soar above the burdens of everyday life, forget about mortal health, see a ray of hope in existence. Miraculously, it becomes much warmer inside and out. What was the one born that night like, and did he really live? Did the Holy Family exist, now watching over us from a divine abode? When did their Old Testament ancestors roam the Earth, and where did they come from? In what era and place did this epic story begin? Who crafted it, and why was it shaped into legend?

The Prelude

A soul-stirring performance in Finnish Nurmes, retelling the story of the birth of the New Testament Immanuel in Judean Bethlehem, has concluded. Bathed in the glow of the northern lights, the audience hastened from the biting cold to the warmth of glowing hearths. Some began to feast and pour glögg, and we opened books. Their spines and edges refracted the biblical epic like facets of crystal prisms splitting a white ray into a rainbow of colors.

The Creation and Birth

And we beheld: in the beginning there was movement, and it was unclear what exactly began to move and why, and it was unknown where and when. And the first movement was creation itself, and nothing existed before it, not even movement. And it became the opening chord of the emergence of the Cosmos known to us. And if there was something before, then it is not clear what it was and whether it was at all: Something, Someone or Nothing. And movement arose, and the world was formed, and everything in it came into motion. And to this day everything is in motion and will be in motion, and is motion. And the movement will cease, again, by some movement at the end of everything, in the final act of the play “The Being of the Universe”. And only this is known to us, and we know nothing more, and cannot guess. And we do not understand either the structure or the essence of the coming dark, majestic silent.

And because of the movement, from something came: matter, energy, and information. And time bound them together. And those entities flowed into one another, and decreased, and arrived, and acquired form, and lost it, and were synthesized, and divided, and united, and separated, and were incessantly in motion.

And interstellar gas thickened, and the Sun blazed forth, and cosmic dust swirled, coalescing into small bodies, then planets. And these planets spun, collided, heated, and cooled. And those in the Goldilocks zone gathered liquid into oceans. And the waters boiled, and froze, and evaporated, and condensed, and were enriched with salts, were struck by celestial fragments, pierced by lightning, frothed, mixed, stagnated, and moved again.

And suddenly, no one knows how, apparently only in the shallows of the earth, the living arose from the nonliving. And, unlike the lifeless, the living acquired the ability to reproduce itself and regulate the values of the average daily mechanical stresses of its organisms. And the living in the depths also moved continuously, but not like the lifeless, but purposefully and further came out onto the land, and went deeper into the soil, and took off, and populate everything. And living beings were born, and grew, and changed, and gave life, and took it away, and died. And they used to go into the living, and into the geomorphic, and into the gaseous, and into the liquid, and did not stop for a moment in tireless movement until the moment of death—an irreversible mismatch of energy, mass, and information.

And, finally, in the north of Africa, man blossomed—a conscious, assertive and inquisitive creature. And the coming of modern people to the face of the earth was also a movement, but of the mind, and as mysterious as the origin of life itself. And the intelligent could not sit still, and they became interested in the lands beyond the seas. And, moving from their cradle-continent to other expanses, part settled in the Zagros Mountains. And the most ancient settlers, called Adam and Eve, were locked by the harsh cold, and guarded by it in a comfortable valley. And that couple was replaced by a second, and its third, and the next, and the subsequent. And there Mankind dwelt in motion, and in accordance with the natural course of events, and in accordance with the seasons, and transformed the surroundings and objects, and its external appearance, and was subject to changeability. And about this serene past, their heirs wove the legend about the Garden of Eden. And after the warming, they left the highlands and later returned, preserving the tale of their ancestors in their hearts.

And one day the heavenly floodgates moved apart, and streams fell to the earth, and the springs of the great abyss opened, and flooded the plains, and drowned the tribes between the ridges. And only the exceptionally far-sighted and savvy hid in the rocky ark and thus survived the local “global” flood. And then they multiplied, and developed the area, and took possession of it, and grew grain and grapes, and dispersed. And again they left the mountainous country, and settled on the plain. And in tireless movement they feuded, and made friends, and worked, and were idle, and got married, and separated, and tried to comprehend everything, and came to the idea of ​​incomprehensibility of the world without the help of the gods. And they sought out what was needed, and did it with their own hands, and founded settlements, and built towers, and formed the first civilization—the Sumerian.

And behold, a man named Terah in the city of Ur in the Mesopotamian region of Shinar “gave birth” to Abraham, and he begot Isaac in Canaan, who gave us the legendary Jacob, who raised Joseph, who together with an unknown physician created the Book of Genesis in Egypt under the Hyksos and in it described the beginning of existence and his history of the progenitors. And the descendants made this work the foundation of morality and faith. And they read, and studied, and supplemented this manuscript for thousands of years, both in years of defeats and in times of victories, and drew from it both power, and will, and regulations. And Judges ruled, and Kings sat on thrones, and states were built and fell, and people went into slavery and returned from it, continuing to adhere to the covenants laid down by their ancestors.

And to the series of dynasties was added the named father of Jesus Christ, a carpenter named Joseph. And he lived righteously, and worked, and married Mary. And, noticing her unusually early pregnancy, he led her away from prying village eyes to Egypt. And the family journeyed from Nazareth through Judea, avoiding questions and gossip. And over the child in the womb and the future mother, like the sword of Damocles, the road loomed over, which once destroyed Rachel. Both husband and wife realized the probable tragic outcome of their exodus. And those to whom the travelers called and asked for shelter felt this gloom. And no one wanted to see death, even if it was someone else's, in the house or nearby.

And they came across a barn in Bethlehem, fortunately not occupied by cattle. And, having quickly cleared the building, Joseph prepares for Mary's labor. And he rushed to a nearby caravan, hoping for a midwife. And we are sure of a gracious response: help comes to the woman in time. And they swaddled and laid the baby in the manger. And the eyewitnesses rejoiced at the safe birth of the child. And the shepherds who came from the nearby field, having found the abode of their herd, cleaned and transformed into a dwelling, kindly agreed not to disturb the rest of the mother and her firstborn. And they told everyone they met about the remarkable incident with a happy ending. Both old and young marveled at the patronage from Above for those wanderers.

And Joseph sets a festive table for kindly acquaintances. And those invited to the meal present Jesus with the only gifts in his life. And Mary and the baby gather strength under the stable’s roof. And according to the commandment of Moses, after thirty-three days they come to Jerusalem; and after thirty-three years they will again find themselves in this city—he in glory, and she in sorrow.

The Ministry and Teaching

The return to Nazareth with the newborn would certainly have raised suspicions of premarital adultery. Foreseeing gossip, Joseph journeys onward to Egypt, as planned. He headed towards the Nile Valley, along the road of Abraham and the Midianite merchants who brought Joseph there. The wanderers settle in a diaspora of co-religionists, where the head of the family, being a good carpenter, earns their livelihood during the period of his stepson's infancy. When it turns out to be impossible to accurately calculate the child's age, a return journey is made to the land of Israel, to Nazareth of Galilee. There, Jesus spends his childhood, his unique gifts emerging, and in adolescence, a thirst for knowledge awakens. The boy, is preferably raised by his mother. Later, the younger children absorb her attention.

As Jesus matures, he drifts from his parents and siblings. He studies the world around him, and lost in his thoughts, draws initial information about nature from the Book of Genesis, an ancient encyclopedia. It enchants him with the secrets of the structure of the universe, the levels of organization of life, the anatomy, and physiology of people. This work inspires him to comprehend the art of healing, to seek out the true causes of ailments and gait disorders, such as those resulting from damage to the mysterious “sinew of the thigh” —the ligament of the head of the femur.

Similar to Joseph’s son of Jacob, at sixteen or seventeen, Jesus leaves provincial Nazareth and rushes to the highly developed Alexandria. The example of the successful career of the beloved heir of Patriarch Jacob gives hope for better prospects of fate. His remarkable talent and memory earn the esteem of the Museion’s teachers, who admit him to their medical school. In the hallowed halls of this famed Academy, the gifted student masters the art of healing and emerges a physician.

Jesus accumulates clinical experience in the Nile Delta for almost a decade. The spirit of the polymath physician Imhotep, hovering over Egypt, “kindled the torch” of the polyglot, the physician-philosopher Jesus of Nazareth. Yet, rising ethnic tensions in Alexandria compel this contemplative physician to return to his homeland, Galilee.

Seeking life’s meaning, Jesus journeys to the Jordan, where John the Baptist discerns and proclaims his pastoral calling. Solitude in the desert puts priorities in place, and convictions finally crystallize in a phantasmagoric dream. His origins as a carpenter’s son lead his Nazareth villagers to dismiss him as a physician. He settles away, in Capernaum, where he opens a medical practice. His compassionate nature, effective treatments, and wise counsel draw crowds seeking both health and understanding.

Due to the failure of the health care system of Roman Palestine, countless patients yearn for healing. The priests take care of prevention, and the few physicians cannot cure all the sick. Jesus, recognizing the need, and trains disciples as healers. They hone skills through practice and absorb his teachings through parables and commentary. Yet, the informal training sparks complaints about the students, casting doubt on their Mentor’s methods.

In a sermon on a hill by the Sea of Galilee, Jesus unveils a bold social doctrine, outlining its foundational principles. His mission is to forge a harmonious community of fellow Jews, rooted in renewed tenets of their faith. This idealistic vision seeks to reduce conflicts, foster trust, and nurture a healthier psychological climate in families, villages, and the nation. Bonds of mutual support will unite like-minded souls, overcoming dogmas, and pressure from authorities. This, in turn, will enhance societal well-being, preventing physical and mental ailments. Later, Jesus welcomes other peoples who embrace his universal principles for a harmonious existence.

The priests, alarmed by the teachings and influence of the newly proclaimed Messiah, perceive a threat to their authority, and income threatened. The founder of the growing community takes rumors of impending repression seriously. Contemplating how to sustain his fellowship beyond his death, he devises a singular plan for his end. In its climactic moment, he aims to leave a lasting message for his followers, a testimony about oneself and his Teaching, simultaneously denouncing the ill-wishers and encouraging those who follow. Through allegorical sayings, Jesus promises to “rise,” implying memories of his image. The Shepherd speaks of dwelling “on the clouds of heaven,” namely in the hearts and aspirations of future generations

In the concept developed by Jesus, “God” is not impersonal, but a very specific patron. It is the God of the three Old Testament Patriarchs and Mesopotamian Ur, named Nannathe Sumerian-Akkadian “lord of knowledge”. This essence is Constancy: the laws of human existence, living and lifeless matter, rules, effects, processes, orders, constants. In essence, Jesus’ God is Science. Understanding of the algorithms of nature allowed him to clearly see and reshape the future, as if he were the son of the “Most High”. The crucifixion—a planned and implemented euthanasia with the assistance of his impeccable comrade-in-arms, Judas Iscariot, made the intended impression. Spectators, “beating their chests,” departed Golgotha, and closing their eyes, imagined the enduring symbol—the Physician on the Cross. His promised ascension to “heaven” was not a physical rise or bodily revival, but a transition into the positive collective memory.

The Coda

The Assumption of the healer of souls and flesh gave birth to a stream of social radiation, the impulse of which, having passed through the ages, influenced billions of destinies. In the Teacher’s absence, distortions and additions to his message are inevitable, and so are negative side effects. Yet, the acceptance of the reality of Jesus and an impartial analysis of his Message removes the patina of mysticism that has accumulated over two millennia.

Natural science frees the Sermon on the Mount and the information contained in the Book of Genesis from dogmatic constraints, fostering a reasoned approach to fantasies, deceit, dreams, hallucinations and supernatural entities. As a result, a harmonious and solid worldview is acquired—a “scientific religion” based on the immutable laws of the universe. The earthlings or colonists of Mars, united by it, will one day be able to form a progressively developing society without deception or exploitation. Their foundation will be a rational view of the unknown and scientific facts, the importance of the individual and moral standards.

The name and good intentions of the Galilean physician are carefully preserved on the shores of the Finnish Lake Pielinen. Here, Christmas carols and the thoughts of the Son of Human still fill the sails of the city-ship Nurmes. It sails along the malachite waves of Northern Karelia into a harmonious future, carrying us, the Human Children, along. Amen!

The Reflections after Word and Sound

I am a doctor, an orthopedic surgeon, and a researcher to the well of my ability. My thinking was formed in laboratories, hospital wards, and lecture halls, yet I always sensed that beyond precise formulas and exact diagnoses lies another meaning. This essay is an attempt to look at the traditional religious narrative through the eyes of a modern specialist, for whom empathy, causality, and verifiability are not opposed to spirituality, but form its foundation.

I did not seek to overthrow faith in sacred figures. I tried to return to the realm of the living the unknown healer who once worked on the Book of Genesis and, apparently, completed the image of the god Imhotep with himself, as well as the physician Jesus—the inspirer of the Gospels. For both us and them, it is more fitting to dwell in the world of human beings, feelings, labor, and reason not in oblivion or within the mournful confines of temples. It was important for me to show that a person can be holy not by virtue of divine origin, but by the power of compassion, the desire for knowledge, and the nobility of action. Science, which studies the starry sky, frees us from superstition but does not strip away the meaning of morality in its religious guise. On the contrary, understanding the structure of the universe makes us more attentive to the surrounding life, closer to each other, more tolerant. This is the theological potential of science: not in the worship of mathematical calculations, but in reverence for truth and humanity.

Why Imhotep and Jesus? Because their personalities serve as universal vessels for the ideas of mercy, responsibility, and service.  On the first, only a shadow remains in myths and teachings, a few lines in Genesis, and a scribe’s statuette in a temple. The second was renowned for his miracles rather than for daily work benefiting patients, and became a victim of the cruelty of those he sought to cure. By rewriting their lives outside of mysticism, I did not diminish but rather deepened the significance of their deeds. For me, the Physician on the Cross is a symbol of those who sacrifice themselves for the sake of healing and peace.

The proposed text is not fantasy. Rather, it is a reconstruction, and a hypothesis. An experiment. An attempt to combine ancient legends and modern knowledge in a single semantic structure. Perhaps it will become easier for someone to act and breathe in this perspective—without fear and with hope.  If Imhotep and Jesus are not gods, then their path is open to everyone. Anyone can walk their road and, by striving to alleviate suffering, surpass them in intellectual creation. Accordingly, salvation is not a promise from outside, but a work from within.

As a physician and a scientist, I am inclined to explain instead mystify. Yet this does not mean indifference to spiritual matters. I simply rethought familiar images in the coordinates of science, humanism, realities of human relationships and actions. They turned out not to be supernatural beings, but outstanding personalities whose deeds and ideas deserve imitation and memory.

2025

Joensuu



 Application

Author:

Arkhipov S.V. – candidate of medical sciences, surgeon, traumatologist-orthopedist. 

 

Source & links:

Arkhipov SV. Physicians Who Became Gods: Rational-Critical Theology. About round ligament of femur. November 18, 2025. https://roundligament.blogspot.com/2025/11/2025arkhipovsv-physicians-who-became.html , drive.google.com

Original in Russian: Архипов СВ. Врачи, ставшие Богами: Рационально-критическое богословие. О круглой связке бедра. 22.09.2025. https://kruglayasvyazka.blogspot.com/2025/09/blog-post_22.html  

 

Notes:

The essay is based on the material in the book:  Архипов С.В. Дети человеческие: истоки библейских преданий в обозрении врача. Эссе, снабженное ссылками на интерактивный материал. 2-е изд. перераб. и доп. Йоэнсуу: Издание Автора, 2025. Google Play Google Book   

 

Keywords:

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, history, first patient, injury, damage, Bible, Genesis



NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7


                                                                   

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   Content [i]   Summary [ii]   Annotation [iii]   Illustrations and References [iv]   Source  &  links [v]   Notes [vi]   Authors & Affiliations [vii]   Keywords [i]   Summary Abstract of the article Stetzelberger VM, Nishimura H, Hollenbeck JF, Garcia A, Brown JR, Schwab JM, Philippon JM, Tannast M (2024). The authors found low ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) strength in patients with femoroacetabular impingement. A Russian translation is available at this link: 2024StetzelbergerVM_TannastM . [ii]   Annotation Background:  Intraarticular hip pain represents a substantial clinical challenge, with recent studies implicating lesions in the ligamentum teres as potential contributors. Even more so, damage to the ligamentum teres is particularly prevalent among young patients undergoing joint-preserving interventions. Although several studies have investigated the biomechanical attributes of the ligamentum teres,...

2024GillHS

  Content [i]   Annotation [ii]   Original text [iii]   Illustrations & References [iv]   Source  &  links [v]   Notes [vi]   Authors & Affiliations [vii]   Keywords [i]   Annotation Article by Gill HS. CORR Insights: How Strong Is the Ligamentum Teres of the Hip? A Biomechanical Analysis (2024). To clarify the role of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), the author recommends a combination of experimental studies with computer modeling. The text in Russian is available at the following link: 2024GillHS [ii]   Original text Where Are We Now? Hip preservation surgery has seen a rapid increase in usage over the last 15 years [10], in large part driven by the groundbreaking work of Ganz et al. [5], who described the association between femoroacetabular impingement and hip osteoarthritis and who also developed effective methods of surgical dislocation that maintain the blood supply to the femoral head [4]. Arthroscopic met...

1996ChenHH_LeeMC

  Abstract of the article Chen HH, Li AF, Li KC, Wu JJ, Chen TS, Lee MC. Adaptations of ligamentum teres in ischemic necrosis of human femoral head (1996). The authors investigate the strength of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF)  in avascular necrosis and femoral neck fracture.  The text in Russian is available at the following link: 1996ChenHH_LeeMC . Annotation   Little is known about the biomechanical properties of human ligamentum teres. To more fully understand the ligamentum teres, its dimensions and mechanical properties were measured in 22 cases of acute fracture of the femoral neck and 21 cases of ischemic necrosis of the femoral head. The specimens first were preconditioned and then loaded to failure with a testing machine at a fast strain rate of 100% s(-1). The ischemic necrosis group had a significantly larger volume (3.09 +/- 1.81 ml versus 1.30 +/- 0.62 ml) and cross section area (65.3 +/- 59.1 mm2 versus 30.6 +/- 27.2 mm2) than did the acute f...

2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV

  Ancient Textual Sources on Ligamentum Teres: Context and Transmission S.V. Arkhipov, I.V. Prolygina   KEYWORDS: ancient medicine; ancient traumatology; Galen; Hippocrates; hip joint; ligamentum capitis femoris; ligament of head of femur; ligamentum teres. SUMMARY Background. One of the least researched anatomical structures of the human body is the ligament of head of femur, most often referred to as ligamentum teres. The history of the nomination of this term, medical contexts of its use, the etymology and the first synonyms (Figure 1) are not sufficiently understood. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to present the most complete collection of evidence from ancient medical authors about the term ligamentum teres, trace the history of its nomination and analyze the gradual changes in the level of knowledge about the anatomy, mechanical and geometric properties of this structure, its pathology and treatment methods. Methods. The study is based on an inter...

Online Journal «ABOUT ROUND LIGAMENT OF FEMUR», October 2025

  The journal is dedicated to the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and related topics   About the Journal   »»»                                                                                . The online journal  « About Round Ligament of  Femur »   was created based on the scientific blog of the same name. The resource is the English-language part of the project:  ONLINE JOURNAL:  Ligamentum capitis femoris .   Updates:  As new materials are prepared. Mission :   Popularization and preservation of knowledge about LCF, as well as promoting its practical application. Main goal:  Improvement of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of injuries and diseases of the hip joint. Publisher:  Arkhipov S.V., independent researc...