Invention (Patent): Lozier AL, Parrott
RM, Rich DB. Joint space interpositional prosthetic device with internal
bearing surfaces. US8979935B2 (2009).
US8979935B2 US
Inventors: Antony J. Lozier, Russell M. Parrott, David B. Rich
Current Assignee: Zimmer Inc
Worldwide applications 2008 US EP WO
Application US12/179,707 events:
2008-07-25 Application filed by Zimmer Inc
2008-07-25 Priority to US12/179,707
2008-08-27 Assigned to ZIMMER, INC.
2009-02-05 Publication of US20090036995A1
2015-03-17 Application granted
2015-03-17 Publication of US8979935B2
Status: Active
2032-03-18 Adjusted expiration
Joint space interpositional
prosthetic device with internal bearing surfaces
Antony J. Lozier, Russell M. Parrott, David B. Rich
Abstract
Joint space interpositional prosthetic devices for positioning between
surfaces of a joint in a patient are disclosed. The prosthetic device may have
exterior surfaces affixed to the joint surfaces and may have internal surfaces
which provide bearing surfaces. In an exemplary embodiment, the bearing
surfaces are encapsulated within the device. The exterior surfaces of the
device may include bone securement features to facilitate attachment of the
prosthetic device to the joint surfaces.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present
application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.
60/952,886 filed Jul. 31, 2007, titled JOINT SPACE INTERPOSITIONAL PROSTHETIC
DEVICE WITH INTERNAL BEARING SURFACES, the entire disclosure of which is
expressly incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present
disclosure relates to joint interposition arthroplasty. More particularly, the
present disclosure relates to surgical methods and prostheses for joint
interposition arthroplasty.
BACKGROUND
Joint interposition
arthroplasty involves a surgical procedure to repair a joint in a patient.
Damage and imperfections in joint surfaces, whether caused by wear, trauma or
disease, may cause pain or discomfort to the patient during joint articulation.
Implants which may be used in joint interposition arthroplasty to repair the
joint, particularly when implantation can be achieved without full distraction
of the joint, may be desirable to reduce the impact of the procedure on the
patient and to reduce recovery time.
SUMMARY
The present
disclosure provides joint space interpositional prosthetic devices. In an
exemplary disclosed embodiment, the prosthetic device comprises a first
prosthetic component coupled to a second prosthetic component. The first and
second prosthetic components are sized and shaped for positioning over natural
articular surfaces associated with a joint in a patient. The first prosthetic
component includes a first external region having a first bone securement
feature and a first internal region having a first articulation surface. The
second prosthetic component includes a second external region having a second
bone securement feature and a second internal region having a second
articulation surface. The first internal region and the second internal region
form an encapsulated body for containing debris produced from articulation
between the first interior region and the second interior region.
In another
exemplary disclosed embodiment, the prosthetic device comprises a first
prosthetic component and a second prosthetic component. The first and second
prosthetic components are sized and shaped for positioning over natural
articular surfaces associated with the joint in a patient. The first prosthetic
component includes a first securement means for securing the first prosthetic
component to the first joint surface, and the second prosthetic component includes
a second securement means for securing the second prosthetic component to the
second joint surface. The prosthetic device also includes containment means for
containing debris produced from articulation between said first prosthetic
component and said second prosthetic component.
A method of
enhancing articulation between a first joint surface and a second joint surface
is also disclosed. An exemplary disclosed embodiment of the method includes the
steps of providing a prosthetic device, partially distracting the joint,
deforming the prosthetic device, and affixing the prosthetic device to the
first and second joint surfaces. The device comprises flexible first and second
prosthetic components. The prosthetic components are sized and shaped for positioning
over natural articular surfaces associated with a joint in a patient. The
flexible prosthetic components include internal regions and bone securement
features. The internal regions have bearing surfaces. The first internal region
and the second internal region form an encapsulated body for containing debris
produced from articulation between the first bearing surface and the second
bearing surface. The prosthetic device is deformed while positioning the
prosthetic device between the first joint surface and the second joint surface
of the partially distracted joint. The first and second prosthetic components
are sufficiently flexible to allow the prosthetic device to be positioned
between the first joint surface and the second joint surface with the joint
only partially distracted.
In a further
exemplary disclosed embodiment, the prosthetic device comprises a first
prosthetic component and a second prosthetic component. The first and second
prosthetic components are sized and shaped for positioning over natural
articular surfaces associated with a joint in a patient. The first prosthetic
component includes a first external region having a first bone securement
feature and a first internal region having a first articulation surface. The
second prosthetic component includes a second external region having a second
bone securement feature and a second internal region having a second
articulation surface. The first bone securement feature is affixed to less than
all of the natural articular surface associated with the first joint surface.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The above-mentioned and other features of the invention, and the manner of
attaining them, will become more apparent and will be better understood by
reference to the following description of disclosed embodiments taken in
conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary joint interpositional
device;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of a portion of the joint
interpositional device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an anterior view of a femur and an acetabulum showing a
cross-sectional view of the joint interpositional device of FIG.
1 positioned between the femur and the acetabulum;
FIGS. 4-5 are partial cross-sectional views of additional exemplary
joint interpositional devices;
FIG. 6 is an anterior view of a femur and an acetabulum showing a
cross-sectional view of another exemplary joint interpositional device
positioned between the femur and the acetabulum;
FIG. 7 is an exploded cross-sectional view of an internal rotational
device showing an internal ring having an annular groove and a first lip, an
external ring and a snap ring;
FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the exemplary joint
interpositional device of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of another exemplary joint
interpositional device including a slit; and
FIG. 10 is an anterior view of a femur and an acetabulum showing a
side-view of the joint interpositional device of FIG. 9 positioned
between the femur and the acetabulum.
Corresponding
reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.
Although the drawings represent embodiments of the present invention, the
drawings are not necessarily to scale and certain features may be exaggerated
to better illustrate and explain the present invention. The exemplifications
set out herein illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and such
exemplifications are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention
in any manner.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The embodiments discussed below are not intended to be
exhaustive or limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed in the
following detailed description. Rather, the embodiments are chosen and
described so that others skilled in the art may utilize their teachings.
Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, an exemplary
joint interpositional device 20 is shown. Device 20 generally
may include exterior portion 22 and interior or internal
portion 30. In operation, device 20 is positioned between a
first joint surface and a second joint surface, as described below with
reference to FIG. 3. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG.
1, device 20 is formed as a hemispherically-shaped structure,
half of which is illustrated in FIG. 1, which is sized and shaped to be
positioned over, and conform to, natural articular surfaces of an anatomical
structure. In one example, device 20 may be formed as a
spherical device with exterior portion 22 forming the exterior
of the sphere, after which device 20 is partially inverted to
form a hemisphere shape, as shown in FIG. 1.
Exterior portion 22 defines first exterior
region 25 having first exterior surface 24 and
second exterior region 27 having second exterior
surface 26. In one embodiment, first exterior region 25 and
second exterior region 27 are formed of the same material
and exterior portion 22 has a continuous cross-section between
first exterior surface 24 and second exterior surface 26.
A continuous cross-section is formed or composed of material without joints or
seams. By contrast, a discontinuous cross-section has joints or seams.
Exterior regions 25, 27 may have thicknesses
T ranging between about 0.25 and 3.00 mm. In another embodiment, exterior
regions 25, 27 may have thicknesses ranging between about 0.50
and 1.50 mm. Exterior regions 25, 27 may be formed of
various materials comprising bone securement features for
attaching exterior regions 25, 27 to bones, bone cartilage,
or other anatomical structures. For example, exterior regions 25, 27 may
be formed of a polyethylene material, other polymer materials such as
polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a rubberized material, or other biocompatible
materials. In another exemplary embodiment, exterior regions 25, 27 are
formed in a fibrous construct including any or all of the above-identified
materials. Exemplary fibrous constructs include nonwovens and also braided,
knitted and woven structures.
Interior portion 30 defines first interior
region 33 having first interior surface 32 and
second interior region 35 having second interior
surface 34. Similar to exterior surfaces 24, 26, described
above, first interior region 33 and second interior
region 35 may be formed of the same material and interior
portion 30 may have a continuous cross-section between
first interior surface 32 and second interior surface 34. Interior
regions 33, 35 may be formed of various materials which
facilitate articulation between interior surfaces 32, 34. For
example, interior regions 33, 35 may be formed of synthetic
polymers (i.e. ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE),
polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK), polyether-ketone (PEK)), ceramics/glass (i.e.
Alumina, Zirconia, Pyrolytic Carbon), metals (i.e. Titanium, Cobalt Chrome
Alloy), or a composite of these materials (Carbon Reinforced PEEK). In one
embodiment, interior regions 33, 35 are formed into a
fibrous construct including any or all of the above-identified materials. In an
exemplary embodiment, interior regions 33, 35 may include a
lubrication-enhancement material such as a polysaccharide, protein, or
synthetic coating embedded therein or a surface treatment applied
to interior surfaces 32, 34 to enhance the lubrication
between surfaces 32, 34 in use. Alternatively, gap 38 (FIG.
2) between interior surfaces 32, 34 may be filled with a
biocompatible lubricant such as hyaluronic acid.
The interior and exterior regions of the implant may be
porous. The stimulatory effect of polyethylene particles in vitro decreases
when the largest dimension of particles is larger than about 7.0 micrometers (μm)
or smaller than about 0.2 μm. The polyethylene wear particles commonly found in
hip arthroplasties have a diameter of about 0.5 μm. Interior regions 33, 35 may
be configured reduce the stimulatory effect of the implant by containing wear
particles in one or more ways. In one embodiment designed to contain wear
particles, the average pore size of interior regions 33, 35 is
smaller than the average pore size of exterior regions 25, 27.
In another embodiment, interior surfaces 32, 34 and/or exterior
surfaces 24, 26 may include a coating or other containment
facilitation device to contain wear particles generated from
within device 20. An example of a device to contain particles
includes a prosthetic hip joint with a semipermeable capsule with reinforcing
ribs as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,514,182. This device proposes the use of
expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) marketed by W. L. Gore &
Associates of Newark, Del. under the trademark GORE-TEX. In a further
embodiment, the average pore size of interior regions 33, 35 may
be less than about 0.2 μm. In yet another embodiment, exterior
regions 25, 27 may have an average pore size of less than about
0.2 μm. In some embodiments, exterior regions 25, 27 may
have average pore sizes of between 100 μm and 700 μm.
Transition 36 may be provided between
first interior region 33 and first exterior region 25 as
well as between second interior region 35 and
second exterior region 27. Transition 36 defines a transition
area between interior regions 33, 35 and exterior
regions 25, 27 which may include a change of interior and
exterior region materials. For example, interior regions 33, 35 may
be formed of a material which is designed to provide enhanced lubrication
and/or abrasion resistance, such as polyethylene, PTFE, PEEK, silicone, or
nylon, while exterior regions 25, 27 may be formed of
material designed to enhance fixation to an anatomical structure such as, for
example, a porous polymer or a fibrous construct. In one
embodiment, transition 36 defines the transition between layers
of material formed into interior regions 33, 35 and exterior
regions 25, 27.
In an exemplary embodiment, joint interpositional
device 20 is a unitary construct. For example, device 20 may
be formed in an injection molding process, a blow molding process, or an
extrusion process. A unitary construct may include two or more layers of
materials which may be the same or may be different. In an injection molding
mold, molten materials flow in the mold cavity and come together to form a
unitary construct. Because molds may comprise two mating parts, a line or mark
may appear on an injection molded article in the area coincident with the seam
of the mold. Such lines or marks, which may be visible on the surface of an
article, do not form cross-sectional discontinuities since the molten materials
fuse before solidifying and, therefore, do not exhibit seams or joints in their
cross-section. In one example, device 20 may be formed as a
spherical device with exterior portion 22 forming the exterior
of the sphere, after which device 20 is partially inverted to
form a hemisphere shape, as shown in FIG. 1. In other embodiment disclosed
with reference to FIGS. 4-8, the joint interpositional device is formed
from multiple pieces of material. A multi-piece construct may have a
discontinuous cross-section in its external and/or internal regions.
Joint interpositional device 20 may include
an internal rotation device, such as a rotating ring or ball bearing-type
device, to facilitate articulation between a first joint surface and a second
joint surface while preventing relative motion between exterior
portion 22 of device 20 and the joint surfaces. An
exemplary embodiment of an internal rotation device is described below with
reference to FIGS. 6-8.
Referring to FIG. 3, in an exemplary method, joint
interpositional device 20 may be positioned between femoral
head 51 of femur 50 and acetabulum 52 of pelvis 49 without
fully distracting the joint. The articular region of femoral head 51 defines femoral
head surface 54 and the articular region of acetabulum 52 defines acetabulum
surface 53. To insert device 20, femoral head 51 is
partially and, preferably, minimally distracted from acetabulum 52 and device 20 is
slid between femoral head surface 54 and acetabulum
surface 53. Partial distraction, in the context of a joint formed
by femoral head 51 and acetabulum 52, means less than
full distraction, i.e., less than complete removal of femoral head 51 from acetabulum 52.
With partial distraction, some portion of femoral head 51 will
remain within the acetabulum below the acetabular rim. Partial distraction can
occur when the joint is distracted less than about 36.0 mm.
Femoral head 51 and/or acetabulum 52 may
be prepared to receive device 20. Preparation may include removing
portions of the natural articulating surfaces, for example, without resecting
the bone or fully distracting the joint. Device 20 may be used
with an arthritic joint and, thus, may be used to substantially preserve the
existing bone stock of the joint without requiring extensive modification of
the natural articular surfaces of the joint. In an exemplary
operation, device 20 is large enough to cover the articular
region of femoral head 51 which contacts acetabulum 52 during
hip joint articulation. Although described herein as used with a hip
joint, device 20 may also be used in other joints of the body,
such as a knee, elbow, shoulder, wrist, finger, and ankle joints, for example.
Device 20 may be flexible to enable insertion in a
partially distracted joint. Device 20 may be constructed of
flexible, elastic or other materials which may conform to any irregularities
present on the surface of femoral head 51 and/or acetabulum 52.
An elastic material is a material having a shape which may be elastically or
reversibly deformed by the temporary application of force. Upon removal of the
temporary force, the elastic material regains substantially its original shape
suffering no more than about 15% permanent deformation or set. The applied
force may be tensile, compressive or shear force. A flexible material, by
contrast, may be temporarily deformed by the application of force but will not
automatically regain substantially its original shape when the force is
removed. Another force may be applied to cause the material to regain its
original shape. In other words, the shape of a flexible material may be changed
without causing permanent deformation. By using at least some elastic or
flexible materials, device 20 may be made flexible and may be
positioned into the partially distracted joint by the application of force
which causes device 20 to change its shape without permanently
deforming its shape or impeding its function as a result of the application of
said force. Furthermore, elasticity and flexibility in portions
of device 20 that are not affixed to natural articulating
surfaces enable an affixed portion of device 20 to articulate in
three dimensions relative to the other affixed portion by stretching or
allowing the edges of the device to roll onto themselves. During articulation,
the elastic or flexible portions may recede away from the natural articulating
surfaces which may become exposed.
First exterior surface 24 is affixed
to acetabulum surface 53 and second exterior surface 26 is
affixed to femoral head surface 54. In embodiments of devices having
continuous cross-sections, for example device 20 shown in FIGS.
1-3, affixation may be completed with adhesives, bio-adhesives, suturing,
micro-fixation, bone cement, hook-and-loop arrangements, and various other
known structures for securing a foreign body to an anatomical structure. In
other embodiments, for example multi-piece devices such as devices 60, 100 and 200 shown
in FIGS. 4-8, affixation may be completed with adhesives, bio-adhesives,
suturing, micro-fixation, bone cement, hook-and-loop arrangements, fasteners
including screws and nails, and various other known materials and structures
for securing a foreign body to an anatomical structure.
In exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 4-5, exterior
surfaces 24, 26 may textured to provide a bone securement
feature. By textured it is meant a surface having a surface roughness
sufficient to enable tissue to embed therein. By tissue it is meant any group
of cells or native organic materials that perform specific functions, e.g.,
bone, calcified organic materials, and frameworks of fibers that support other
tissues. A textured surface may enable ongrowth of tissue compared to porous
surface which may provide for both or either tissue ingrowth and ongrowth. A
textured bone securement feature may also be provided by a cellular structure
which resembles bone and approximates the physical and mechanical properties of
bone, thereby enabling rapid and extensive soft tissue infiltration and strong
attachment of bone and soft tissue structures thereto. The cellular material
may be a highly porous biomaterial having a porosity as low as 55, 65, or 75
percent or as high as 80, 85, or 90 percent. An example of such a material is
produced using Trabecular Metal™ technology generally available from Zimmer,
Inc., of Warsaw, Ind. Trabecular Metal™ is a trademark of Zimmer Technology,
Inc. Such a material may be formed from a reticulated vitreous carbon foam
substrate which is infiltrated and coated with a biocompatible metal, such as
tantalum, etc., by a chemical vapor deposition (“CVD”) process in the manner
disclosed in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 5,282,861, the disclosure of which is
expressly incorporated herein by reference. In addition to tantalum, other
metals such as niobium, or alloys of tantalum and niobium with one another or
with other metals may also be used.
In another example of a bone securement
feature, exterior surface 24, 26 may include tissue
ingrowth material or bone growth factors embedded therein, such as bone
morphogenic proteins to stimulate bone growth. Exterior surface 24, 26 may
also include bone growth stimulators, antibiotics, and other pharmacological
and/or therapeutic agents. The exterior portions of joint interpositional
devices disclosed herein may be attached to the interior portions by any means
known in the art such as, for example, chemical bonding, physical or mechanical
attachment, ultrasonic bonding, sewing, and others.
During articulation between femoral head 51 and acetabulum 52,
first interior or internal bearing surface 32 and second
interior or internal bearing surface 34 move relative to each
other and first exterior surface 24 and second exterior
surface 26 remain substantially stationary relative to femoral
head 51 and acetabulum 52 to which they are affixed.
At least portions of exterior surface 24 and exterior
surface 26 may slightly move relative to femoral head 51 and acetabulum 52 during
certain joint articulations, such as abduction. As shown in FIG. 3, during
use, surfaces 32, 34 are virtually coincident due to the
weight-bearing between acetabulum 52 and femoral head 51,
thereby substantially eliminating the presence of gap 38 between surfaces 32, 34 and
forcing any lubricant contained in gap 38 to substantially
cover surfaces 32, 34 to provide lubrication therebetween.
Internal bearing surfaces 32, 34 provide the articulation
surfaces between femoral head 51 and acetabulum 52. As
shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, each of interior
portion 30 of device 20, internal portion 64 of
device 60, and internal portion 104 of device 100 forms
an encapsulated body where wear debris or other material generated during
articulation may be contained thereby reducing the likelihood of damage to
surrounding regions of tissue or bone by the presence of wear debris. In
another embodiment, first exterior surface 24 and
second exterior surface 26 may form a continuous surface which
creates an encapsulated body where debris may be contained. A continuous
surface is a surface without breaks, separations, apertures, gaps or other
discontinuities which may permit wear debris to pass through the surface.
Moreover, fluid film lubrication schemes between internal bearing
surfaces 32, 34 may eliminate direct articulation
between femoral head surface 54 and acetabulum surface 53,
thereby eliminating any wear debris therebetween to facilitate prevention
of device 20 loosening, preserving the existing bone stock for
an extended period of time, and potentially reducing pain during movement
of femoral head 51 relative to acetabulum 52.
If, for any reason, device 20 needs to be
removed after implantation, device 20 may be replaced with
a new device 20 which is subsequently affixed to femoral
head surface 54 and acetabulum surface 53, as described
above.
Referring now to FIG. 4, another exemplary joint
interpositional device is shown. Device 60 generally may
include exterior portion 62 and interior or internal
portion 64. In operation, device 60 is positioned between a
first joint surface and a second joint surface and functions similarly
to device 20, as described above with reference to FIG.
3. Exterior portion 62 includes a first exterior
region 66, a second exterior region 70, and exterior regions 74 and 78 connecting exterior
regions 66 and 70. First exterior region 66 has a
first exterior surface 68, second exterior region 70 has a
second exterior surface 72, and exterior regions 74 and 78 have
exterior surfaces 76 and 80 connecting first and second
exterior surfaces 68 and 72, respectively. Device 60 is
a multi-piece construction. First and second exterior region 66, 70 are
generally delimited by lines numbered 65 and 89 and their
cross-sections shown extend in a direction parallel to line 98.
First exterior region 66 may comprise a surface area smaller
than the surface area of acetabulum surface 53, and second exterior
region 70 may comprise a surface area smaller than the surface area
of the articulating surface of femoral head surface 54. In another
embodiment, first exterior region 66 comprises a surface area
smaller than about 50% of the surface area of acetabulum surface 53,
and second exterior region 70 comprises a surface area smaller than
about 50% of the surface area of the articulating surface of femoral head
surface 54. Exterior region 74, 80 may form seams with
first and second exterior region 66, 70. In one embodiment,
first exterior region 66 and second exterior region 70 are
formed of the same material and exterior regions 74 and 78 are
made of a material different from that of which first and second exterior
regions 66 and 70 are made. First exterior
region 66 and second exterior region 70 may include porous
metal material, such as Trabecular Metal™, comprising securement features, and
exterior regions 74 and 78 may include flexible and/or
elastic material designed to enable articulation of the joint. Exterior
region 66, 70 may be attached to less than all of the articular
surface associated with the joint. In one embodiment, exterior
region 66, 70 may be attached to less than 50% of the articular
surface associated with the joint.
Interior portion 64 includes first interior region 82,
second interior region 86, and interior regions 90 and 94 connecting
interior regions 82 and 86. First interior region 82 has
first interior surface 84, second interior region 86 has second
interior surface 88, and interior regions 90 and 94 have interior
surfaces 92 and 96 connecting first and second interior
surfaces 84 and 88, respectively. Regions 74, 78, 90 and 94 may
comprise elastic materials, such as thermoplastic polyurethanes, polyolefins,
and other high strength elastomers or any others disclosed in this document,
for providing joint interpositional device 100 with increased
extensibility and range of motion. As shown in FIG. 4, first and second
interior region 82, 86 may be substantially coterminous with
first and second exterior region 66, 70. In one embodiment, as
shown in FIG. 5, first and second interior regions may comprise a
continuous cross-section. In another embodiment, the first and second interior
regions may have larger or smaller surface areas than the surface areas comprised
by the first and second exterior regions, respectively.
Referring to FIG. 5, yet another exemplary joint
interpositional device is shown. Device 100 generally may
include exterior portion 102 and interior or internal
portion 104. In operation, device 100 is positioned between
a first joint surface and a second joint surface and functions similarly
to device 20, as described above with reference to FIG.
3. Exterior portion 102 includes first exterior
region 106 and second exterior region 110. First exterior
region 106 has first exterior surface 108 and second
exterior region 110 has second exterior surface 112. In one
embodiment, first exterior region 106 comprises a surface area
smaller than the surface area of acetabulum surface 53, and second
exterior region 110 comprises a surface area smaller than the surface
area of the articulating surface of femoral head surface 54. In
another embodiment, each of first and second exterior region 106, 110 comprise
a surface area of less than about 2.0 squared-inches. In yet another
embodiment, each of first and second exterior region 106, 110 comprise
a surface area of less than about 1.0 squared-inches. Exterior
region 106, 110 may be made of any of the materials previously
disclosed, including fibrous polymeric materials and metal containing highly
porous materials. Interior portion 104, although shown as a single
material, may be any previously described interior portion. Any material
described herein may comprise a combination of materials and layers of
materials such as mono-, bi-, tri- and multi-layered structures.
Referring to FIGS. 6-8, a further exemplary joint
interpositional device is shown. Device 200 generally may
include exterior portion 210, interior portion 230,
and internal rotation device 250. In operation, device 200 is
positioned between a first joint surface and a second joint surface and
functions similarly to device 20, as described above with reference
to FIG. 3. Exterior portion 210 has first external
region 212 having surfaces 214 and 216 and
second external region 220 having surfaces 222 and 224. Surfaces 214 and 222 attach
to acetabular surface 53 and femoral head surface 54,
respectively.
Interior portion 230 includes a
first internal region 232 having surfaces 234 and 236 and
a second internal region 240 having surfaces 242 and 244. Surfaces 236 and 244 attach
to internal rotation device 250 as described in detail below
with reference to FIG. 7. Portions of first and second internal
regions 232 and 240 may extend beyond femoral head
surface 54 and surround femoral head 51 such
that internal rotation device 250, which is attached to first and
second internal regions 232 and 240, will be positioned
outside said joint. In other words, internal rotation device 250 is
positioned outside said joint when it is not positioned between the natural
articulating surfaces of the joint, e.g. femoral head surface 54 and acetabulum
surface 53.
Internal rotation device 250 comprises two
rotatably coupled rings having a common axis of rotation. The rings may be
concentric or substantially concentric. In one embodiment, rotation
device 250 comprises internal ring 260, external
ring 280, and snap ring 290. Internal ring 260 comprises internal
surface 262 and external surface 264. Internal
surface 262 may be attached to surface 244 of
second interior portion 240. External surface 264 has
a profile including annular groove 266 and first lip 268. Snap
ring 290 is partially positioned in annular groove 266 thereby
creating second lip 292. External ring 280 has internal
surface 282 and external surface 284. Internal
surface 282 fits snugly over external surface 264 of internal
ring 260 to contain wear or debris particles without creating an
interference fit. First lip 268 and second lip 292 keep external
ring 280 positioned on internal ring 260 and
enable external ring 280 to rotate about internal
ring 260. The clearance between internal ring 260 and external
ring 280 which creates the snug fit will depend on the materials
selected for construction of internal ring 260 and external
ring 280 and processing tolerances. The snug fit of ring 260, 280 and
the profile of surface 264 create an axial-radial path and an
encapsulated body for containing debris particles.
External surface 284 of external ring 280 may
be attached to surface 236 of first interior portion 232. Internal
rotation device 250 provides means for rotating first interior
portion 232 about second interior portion 240 along
the common axis. First interior portion 232 may be attached to
other surfaces of external ring 280 and that
second interior portion 240 may be attached to other surfaces
of internal ring 260. Furthermore, internal ring 260 and external
ring 280 may be constructed, for example, of ceramic, metal, and
polymer materials, and their surfaces may be coated to reduce their
coefficients of friction. Polymeric rings may be flexible. According to one
method of positioning device 200 in the joint, internal
and external ring 260, 280 may be deformed and inserted
between the natural articulating surfaces of a partially distracted joint. The
rings may be configured to provide a rotatable coupling without requiring a
snap ring by using different materials and surface profiles. While the
rotatable coupling provides rotation about the axis of the rings, articulation
in other directions is facilitated by use of elastic and/or flexible materials
in portions of device 200 such as, for example,
first interior portion 232 and second interior
portion 240 as described in detail above.
Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, another exemplary joint
interpositional device is shown. Device 300 generally may
comprise an exterior portion (not shown) including bone securement features
and interior portion 302. Interior portion 302 includes
first interior region 304 having surface 306, 308,
second interior region 310 having surface 312, 314 and
slit 324, 325 for positioning and retaining therein a ligament
spanning the first and second joint surfaces, i.e., femoral head
surface 54 and acetabulum surface 53.
Optionally, interior portion 302 may include hole 320, 321 surrounding
one end of slit 324, 325. Interior region 304 connects
to interior region 310 at edge 22. Hole 320 extends
from surface 306 to surface 308 of first interior
region 304, and hole 321 extends from surface 312 to
surface 314 of second interior region 310. Slit 324, 325 traverses
first and second interior region 304, 310 from the axis of
hole 320, 321 to edge 322. Surface 308, 312 comprises
the articulation or bearing surface of device 300. Surface 308 may
be sealed to surface 312 along the edge of slit 324, 325 and
hole 320, 321 to form an encapsulated body for containing
debris. The exterior portion may be any one of the exterior portions previously
described with the addition, in some embodiments, of slits and holes
corresponding to slit 324, 325 and hole 320, 321. In
operation, device 300 is positioned between femoral head 51 and acetabulum 52.
Slit 324, 325 is moved by ligamentum teres femoris 56 from edge 322 to
hole 320, 321 until ligamentum teres femoris 56 seats
in hole 320, 321, as shown in FIG. 10. Alternatively, slit 324, 325 may
be sufficiently wide to encompass the periphery of hole 320, 321 such
that ligamentum teres femoris 56 seats therein. FIG.
10 shows device 300 positioned generally on femoral
head 51. Slit 324, 325, while shown to be substantially
longitudinal, may also be curved and may originate at any point
along edge 322.
While this disclosure has been described as having exemplary
designs, the present disclosure can be further modified within the spirit and
scope of this disclosure. This application is therefore intended to cover any
variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure using its general
principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from
the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to
which this disclosure pertains and which fall within the limits of the appended
claims.
What is
claimed is:
1. An interpositional prosthetic device for positioning
between a first joint surface and a second joint surface of a joint,
comprising:
a first prosthetic component including a first external
region and a first internal region, said first external region having a first
bone securement feature, said first internal region having a first articulation
surface, and said first prosthetic component being sized and shaped to be
positioned over a first natural articular surface associated with the first
joint surface;
a second prosthetic component coupled to said first
prosthetic component, said second prosthetic component including a second
external region and a second internal region, said second external region
having a second bone securement feature, said second internal region having a
second articulation surface, and said second prosthetic component being sized
and shaped to be positioned over a second natural articular surface associated
with the second joint surface,
wherein said first internal region and said second internal
region cooperate to form an encapsulated body for containing debris produced
from articulation between said first internal region and said second internal
region;
a first ring attached to said first prosthetic component;
and
a second ring attached to said second prosthetic component,
said first ring rotatably contacting said second ring to rotatably couple said
first prosthetic component and said second prosthetic component.
2. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 1,
wherein said first internal region is porous and has an average pore size
smaller than about 0.2 μm.
3. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 1,
wherein said first bone securement feature comprises bone growth factors.
4. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 1,
wherein said first bone securement feature comprises tissue ingrowth material.
5. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 1,
wherein said first bone securement feature comprises biological material.
6. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 1,
wherein said first bone securement feature comprises a textured metal
structure.
7. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 6,
wherein said first bone securement feature comprises a porous metal structure.
8. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 1,
wherein said first external region comprises a fibrous structure.
9. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 1,
wherein said joint comprises a first bone having said first natural articular
surface and a second bone having said second natural articular surface, wherein
said first ring and said second ring are adapted to be positioned outside the
joint and surrounding a portion of said second bone.
10. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 1,
wherein said first prosthetic component and said second prosthetic component
are flexible.
11. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 1,
wherein said first internal region is porous and an external average pore size
of the first external region is larger than an internal average pore size of
the first internal region.
12. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 1,
wherein said first ring and said second ring rotate about a common axis of
rotation.
13. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 1,
wherein said first ring is attached to said first internal region and said
second ring is attached to said second internal region.
14. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 1,
wherein said first ring and said second ring are deformable to position said
interpositional prosthetic device in said joint when said joint is only
partially distracted.
15. An interpositional prosthetic device for positioning
between a first joint surface and a second joint surface of a joint,
comprising:
a first prosthetic component including first securement
means for securing said first prosthetic component to the first joint surface,
said first prosthetic component being sized and shaped to be positioned over
the first joint surface;
a second prosthetic component including second securement
means for securing said second prosthetic component to the second joint
surface, said second prosthetic component being sized and shaped to be
positioned over the second joint surface;
containment means for containing debris produced from
articulation between said first prosthetic component and said second prosthetic
component;
a first ring attached to said first prosthetic component;
and
a second ring attached to said second prosthetic component,
said first ring rotatably contacting said second ring to rotatably couple said
first prosthetic component and said second prosthetic component.
16. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 15,
wherein said joint comprises a first bone having said first joint surface and a
second bone having said second joint surface, wherein said first ring and said
second ring are adapted to be positioned outside the joint and surrounding a
portion of said second bone.
17. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 15,
wherein said containment means is porous and has an average pore size smaller
than about 0.2 μm.
18. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 15,
wherein said first securement means comprises bone growth factors.
19. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 15,
wherein said first securement means comprises tissue ingrowth material.
20. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 15,
wherein said first securement means comprises biological material.
21. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 15,
wherein said first securement means comprises a textured metal structure.
22. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 21,
wherein said first securement means comprises a porous metal structure.
23. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 15,
wherein said first securement means comprises a fibrous construct.
24. An interpositional prosthetic device for positioning
between a first joint surface and a second joint surface of a joint, the
interpositional prosthetic device comprising:
a first prosthetic component including a first external
region and a first internal region, said first external region having a first
bone securement feature, said first internal region having a first articulation
surface, and said first prosthetic component being sized and shaped to be
positioned over a natural articular surface associated with the first joint
surface;
a second prosthetic component coupled to said first
prosthetic component, said second prosthetic component including a second
external region and a second internal region, said second external region
having a second bone securement feature, said second internal region having a
second articulation surface, and said second prosthetic component being sized
and shaped to be positioned over a natural articular surface associated with
the second joint surface;
a first ring attached to said first prosthetic component;
and
a second ring attached to said second prosthetic component,
said first ring and said second ring rotatably coupling said first prosthetic
component and said second prosthetic component, at least a portion of said
first ring extending into a volume defined by said second ring.
25. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 24,
further including a third ring coupling the first ring and the second ring.
26. An interpositional prosthetic device for positioning
between a first joint surface and a second joint surface of a joint, the interpositional
prosthetic device comprising:
a first prosthetic component including a first external
region and a first internal region, said first external region having a first
bone securement feature, said first internal region having a first articulation
surface, and said first prosthetic component being sized and shaped to be
positioned over a natural articular surface associated with the first joint
surface;
a second prosthetic component coupled to said first
prosthetic component, said second prosthetic component including a second
external region and a second internal region, said second external region
having a second bone securement feature, said second internal region having a
second articulation surface, and said second prosthetic component being sized
and shaped to be positioned over a natural articular surface associated with
the second joint surface;
a first ring attached to said first prosthetic component,
wherein at least said first ring, said first internal region and said second
internal region form an encapsulating body having an enclosed encapsulating
surface which contains debris produced from articulation between said first
internal region and said second internal region, said enclosed encapsulating
surface including encapsulating body facing surfaces of said first ring, said
first internal region and said second internal region; and
a second ring attached to said second prosthetic component,
said first ring rotatably contacting said second ring to rotatably couple said
first prosthetic component and said second prosthetic component.
27. The interpositional prosthetic device of claim 26, wherein said first ring and said second ring rotate about a single axis of rotation.
External links
Lozier AL, Parrott RM, Rich DB. Joint space
interpositional prosthetic device with internal bearing surfaces. US8979935B2
July, 25 2008. 2009. patents.google
Publications
of invention
EP2187844 (A2)
US2009036995 (A1)
US8979935 (B2)
WO2009018128 (A2)
WO2009018128 (A3)
2009LozierAL_RichDB
Authors & Affiliations
Antony J.
Lozier, Warsaw, IN (US)
Russell M.
Parrott, Warsaw, IN (US)
David B. Rich,
Warsaw, IN (US)
Keywords
ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, endoprosthesis, prosthesis, invention, unipolar, subtotal
NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7
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