1842GreenhillGA

A Latin translation of Theophilus Protospatharios's treatise On the Construction of the Human Being [Θεοφιλος ο Πρωτοσπαθάριος. Περὶ τῆς τοῦ ανθρώπου κατασκευῆς] (ca. 976-1115?). The author writes about the normal anatomy of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and its connective function. For our commentary, see the link: 1842GreenhillGA [Rus]. See also 1581CrassoPI, 1724FabriciusJA, 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV.

Quote.

[Grc]

Περὶ τῆς τοῦ ανθρώπου κατασκευῆς. Βιβλιον Ε. 13.

(original source: 1842GreenhillGA, p. 204)

[Lat]

De corporis humani fabrica. Liber quintus. Cap. XIII.

Dei erga homines amor [et sapientia] ex heminae fundo teretem nervum promisit, cartilaginosum vinculum femoris capiti insertum, adstringensque ne facile elabatur; inde ex heminae oris aliae copulae oriuntur, totum femoris caput in orbem constringentes, non teretes et solae, (qualis quae ex fundo porrigitur,) sed latae, valenterque heminae oras ad comraissurae praesidium ambientes. (original source: 1842GreenhillGA, p. 204)

Translation

[Eng]

On the Construction of the Human Being. Book V. 13.

For the sake of this, the benevolence and disposition of God grew from the bottom of the acetabulum a round sinew (νεῦρον), a cartilaginous ligament (σύνδεσμον χονδρώδη), growing into the head of the hipbone and holding it there to avoid dislocation. From the edge of the acetabulum begins the capsular ligament, which encircles the entire head of the femur. It is not round and singular like the one that originates from below, but rather wide, surrounding the acetabulum to protect the joint. (translation from Greek was done in collaboration with Prof. I.V. Prolygina; see also 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV)

External links

Greenhill GA (Ed). Theophili Protospatharii De corporis humani fabrica. Oxonii: E typographeo academic, MDCCCXLII [1842]. [archive.org]

Arkhipov SV, Prolygina IV. Ancient Textual Sources on Ligamentum Teres: Context and Transmission. MLTJ. 2020;10(3)536-46. [mltj.online , researchgate.net]

Authors & Affiliations

Guillaume Alexander Greenhill (1814-1894) was an English physician, literary editor. [en.wikipedia.org]

Guillaume Alexander Greenhill
From a photograph by H.J. Cobbold (1900);
original in the wikimedia.org collection (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, no changes).

Theophilus Protospatharius (Θεοφιλος ο Πρωτοσπαθάριος) Byzantine physician, probably lived in the VII - X cent. [1849SmithW; 2011ФилатовКА; wikipedia.org]

Theophilus Protospatharius
Unknown author (1250, Oxford); original in the wikimedia.org collection
(CC0 – Public Domain, fragment)

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, history, anatomy, synonym, role, shape, Theophilus Protospatharius

NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7

BLOG CONTENT

ANCIENT MENTIONS

Comments

1614PlatterF

Fragment from the book Platter F. Observationum (1614). The author notes the role of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in fixing the femur in the acetabulum and the possibility of its lengthening (synovitis) . Quote pp. 141-142 [Lat] Cruris dextri astrictio & contractio, post coxendicum dolorem. Cùm enim ligamentum illud articulum circumd ás, omnium totius corporis ligamentorum, quae articulos ambiunt, sit amplissimum; fieri potest, ut adeò cedat, ut (sicuti saepe sit) femoris caput, è suo sinu devoluatur, & in membranae illius (quae cùm erassissima sit, prae omnibus totius corporis ligamentis, nunquam vi qualicunque disrumpi potest) amplitudine seu capacitate subsistat, elongato simul & vehementer attracto, tereti illo & crasso, quod caput aliàs in suo sinu retinere solet, ligamento. Quod & ob tensionem illam nimiam, astrictum & induratum, chordae alicuius crasssissimae & firmisimae instar, quae nunquam disrumpi, nunquam ab acetabulo, cuius cartilag...

LCF Mechanics

Mechanics OF THE Ligamentum Capitis Femoris Announcement: A new scientific direction « Mechanics of the Ligamentum Capitis Femoris» has been formed. Definition: A section of physiology that develops issues of applying the doctrine of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), its movements and forces to solving medical and biological problems. Synonyms: LCF Mechanics Mechanics of the Ligamentum Capitis Femoris Ligamentum Capitis Femoris Mechanics Ligament of the Head of Femur Mechanics L igamentum Teres Femoris Mechanics Round Ligament of Femur Mechanics Postulates of LCF Mechanics: Strong, flexible, and non-stretchable with specific attachment points. Limits adduction, rotation, and cranial displacement of the femur. Shunts load on the femoral head and the abductor muscle group of the hip joint. Ensures rhythmicity, symmetry, and energy efficiency of walking. Performs the function to suspend the pelvis during single-leg support. T...

CRITICAL MASS OF CONSENSUS

Online version from 07/03/2025 Critical mass of consensus: Opinions on the importance of ligamentum capitis femoris (XX-XXI century) Arkhipov S . V. Content [i] Abstract [ii] Opinions [iii] Authors & Affiliations [iv] References [v] Appendices [i] Abstract This evolving article collects views on the importance of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) to the musculoskeletal system. Our collection aims to highlight the emerging fundamental shift in the current consensus in the orthopaedic and musculoskeletal research communities regarding the meaning of LCF. Here the convinced convince others. Ultimately, this once-unconventional idea will become established knowledge, enabling a transformation in clinicians’ thinking and in approaches to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of hip joint pathologies. [ii] Opinions 2025 «The LT [LCF] works as a secondary static stabilizer of the hip by acting as a sling to preven...

17c.PatelP

Patel P., Landscape with Jacob wrestling the angel (17th century). Depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Jacob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work: Ninth month, eleventh day ( 2024 АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ). Pierre Patel – Landscape with Jacob wrestling the angel (17th century); original in the wikimedia.org coll...

LCF in 2025 (June)

LCF in 2025 ( June ) (Quotes from articles and books published in June 2025 mentioning the ligamentum capitis femoris) Kuhns, B. D., Kahana-Rojkind, A. H., Quesada-Jimenez, R., McCarroll, T. R., Kingham, Y. E., Strok, M. J., ... & Domb, B. G. (2025). Evaluating a semiquantitative magnetic resonance imaging-based scoring system to predict hip preservation or arthroplasty in patients with an intact preoperative joint space. Journal of Hip Preservation Surgery , hnaf027. [i] academic.oup.com Iglesias, C. J. B., García, B. E. C., & Valarezo, J. P. P. (2025) CONTROLLED GANZ DISLOCATION. EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) - Peer Reviewed Journal. 11(5)1410-13. DOI: 10.36713/epra2013 [ii] researchgate.net Guimarães, J. B., Arruda, P. H., Cerezal, L., Ratti, M. A., Cruz, I. A., Morimoto, L. R., ... & Ormond Filho, A. G. (2025). Hip Microins...

1833GerdyPN

P.N. Gerdy, in his experiment, discovered tensioning of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) during thigh adduction. At the same time, it was noted for the first time that the consequence of LCF tension during hip adduction is a downward and lateral displacement of the femoral head. Normally, this mechanism provides unloading of the upper articular surfaces when supporting one leg (see 1874SavoryWS ). The translation from French was done in collaboration with ChatGPT 3.5. Gerdy PN. Physiologie médicale, didactique et critique. T. 1. Paris: Librairie de Crochard, 1833. [fragment] Quote pp. 551-554 L'inclinaison de la cuisse en dehors, que l'on nomme son abduction, est un mouvement assez étendu, mais qui pourtant ne permet pas à la cuisse de se placer perpendiculairement à sa direction verticale. Les batteleurs peuvent se reposer sur un plan horizontal, les cuisses écartées en sens opposé. Dans l'inclinaison ...

1921BrausH

Fragments from the book: Braus H. Angeborene Gelenkveränderungen, bedingt durch künstliche Beeinflussung des Anlagemateriales (1921). The author describes the anatomy, attachment, shape, properties and changes in pathology of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). The text in German. The text in Russian is available at the following link: 1921BrausH . Quote p. 523-524. Eine Besonderheit der Hüftpfanne ist ein Fenster in ihrer Wandung. Der knöcherne Rand, an welchem die Pfannenlippe angeheftet ist, ist nach unten zw breit eingeschnitten, Incisura acetabuli (Abb. 90). Die Pfannenlippo ist trotzdem ein geschlossener Ring, weil die genannte Lücke durch ein Band, Ligamentum transversum acetabuli. überbrückt wird und weil die Pfannenlippe auf dieses Band fortgesetzt ist (Abb. 258). So ist der ventil artige Abschluß des Pfannenrandes gegen den Schenkelkopf gewahrt und trotz dem der Eintritt eines Bandes in den Innenraum des Gelenkes durch das Fenster unterhalb des Bandes möglich. Das Pfa...

1550CortiM

Fragment from the book Corti M. In Mundini Anatomen explicatio (1550). An early description of the anatomy and role of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) is presented, and a rare synonym is mentioned. The pathogenesis of lameness and soft tissue atrophy in LCF pathology is discussed. For more details, see the comment 1550CortiM [Rus] . Quote p. 376-377. [Lat] De anatomia cruris & pedis. Postea eleua musculos & chordas & vide ossa. Et primum est os foemoris supra quod fabricati sunt spondyles dorsi: & per consequens totum corpus. In parte inferiori habet pixidem quondam: in cuius concauitate locata est extremitas rotunda canna coxe: quae vertebrum vocatur. & in medio amborum in parte interiori est quod dam ligamentum quod potest vocari vertebrum: & quando hoc vel primum resilit foras: tunc niecesse est hominem claudicare: quia crus hoc elongatur & firmari non potest: nec totum potest bene supportari: & necesse est vt crus tabescat: quia uene quae p...

1864MacalisterA

Content [i] Annotaction [ii] Original in English [iii] Translated into German [iv] Illustrations [v] Source & links [vi] Notes [vii] Authors & Affiliations [viii] Keywords [i] Annotaction Fragment of the article: Macalister A. On the anatomy of the ostrich (Struthio camelus) (1864). The author observed ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in an ostrich. Its strength is noted, and its shape is described. Translation into Russian is available at the link: 1864MacalisterA . [ii] Original in English Quote, p. 22 The articulations of the lower extremity present many points of mechanical importance. The first, or the hip, is an enarthrosis, surrounded by a capsule, loose, expanding inferiorly; the synovial membrane spreads over the great trochanter; a strong transverse band passes from the border of the lesser sciatic notch to the upper and posterior edge of the acetab...

1853KnoxR

We publish selected quotations about ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) from Knox R. Manual of Human Anatomy (1853). The author points out that LCF is a thick and dense bundle of fibers. It is attached to the edges of the acetabular notch and intertwined with the fibers of the fibrocartilaginous ring of the acetabulum. Robert Knox writes: « The functions of the round ligament have not been satisfactorily determined.» Quote p. 142 Fig. 104. - This instructive section of the hip-joint requires little or no explanation. - d points to the superior part of the capsular ligament. Fig. 105. - Capsular ligament of the hip-joint; also Poupart's ligament. - a , the capsular ligament; b , the oblique, or accessory ligament of the joint; d , attachment of the external pillar of Poupart's ligament to the tubercle of the pubis; e , deep structures immediately behind that portion of Poupart's ligament, called the ligament of Gimbernat; c , ligamentum obturatorium. Quo...

Search This Blog