Invention (Patent Application Publication): Heiner G. Implant as an intermediate layer between
articulating joint surfaces. DE102007018341A1 (2008). [translated
from German]
DE102007018341A1 Germany
Inventor: Heiner Genrich
Current Assignee: Individual
Worldwide applications 2007 DE
Application DE102007018341A events:
2007-04-13 Application filed by Individual
2007-04-13 Priority to DE102007018341A
2008-10-16 Publication of DE102007018341A1
Status: Ceased
Implant as an intermediate layer
between articulating joint surfaces
Heiner Genrich
Abstract
A surgical implant is an interface between two articulated surfaces
together forming a ball and socket joint. The articulation surface (1) and the
facing bone surface (2) whose edge (13) is thinner than the centre section
(15). The surface (2) matches that of the
damaged bone surface.
Description
The The invention relates to an implant as
intermediate between articulating articular surfaces, wherein the intermediate
layer a Having a shape that is at least partially in the form of a part of an
artificial Articular surface is designed as a joint shell.
It It is known that
it is in human and animal anatomy the joints to joint deformations, for example
by natural Wear of the articular cartilage changes can. These deformations of
the joints lead to a increased stress of the bone surfaces against each other,
to extensive loss of articular cartilage and to changes the position of the
articular surfaces to each other, thus making it to a beginning friction of the
now hard cartilaginous bone against the opposite initially cartilaginous
Articular surface is coming. There is damage this opposite initially
cartilaginous articular surface. Finally, it must be fortified with strong
painkillers be treated.
Permanent pain
relief is currently achieved through prosthetic implantation. Caps prosthesis,
duo-head prosthesis or total endoprosthesis (TEP) are available for this
purpose. A disadvantage in the three cases is that in comparison to the
above-mentioned cause of pain, a few cm 2 large cartilage wear area,
initially a much greater irreversible bodily injury is performed by femoral
head resection, Acetabulumfräsung or Femurhöhlung. It is extremely intervened
in the joint system with the known risks.
From the US
4,752,296 is known a ball joint prosthesis, wherein the existing cartilage
mass is completely removed on the ball joint before use and this is replaced by
a hemispherical shell, which is intimately fastened with a central pin shank in
the bone. A particular disadvantage is that the entire cartilage mass surface,
including the healthy as well as part of the corticalis, must be removed.
A similar
construction of an implant is in the US 6,096,084 described. Part of
the ball joint is removed and replaced with an approximately hemispherical
implant. Sufficient seating is achieved by a centrally located pin which is
inserted and anchored in the bone. The opposite ball socket is also replaced by
a spherical shell with matching geometry.
task Therefore, the
invention is an implant of the aforementioned Type so on to form that damaged
joint surface can be supplied and the position of the articular surfaces
corrected against each other and a gliding in the given way between can be done
the articular surfaces.
Solved This object
is achieved by the characterizing features of the claim 1. Further advantageous
embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims.
It has been shown that by the inventive Implant, an
intermediate layer of a biocompatible, deformable, flexible and elastic
material or rigid material that the shape of the joint space, a therapy without
bone loss as well with preservation of intraarticular ligaments as in hip joint
the lig. capitis femoris is possible. Since the implant according to the invention for is a minimally
invasive surgical implantation is appropriate the preservation of all tissue,
ligament and bone structure possible. There is no cause that interferes with
the the bone-feeding metabolic processes result could have.
The present implant
according to the invention in the form an interim consists of a relative hard
material with a high modulus of elasticity. suitable Materials include, for
example, steel, ceramics and reinforced and non-reinforced or thermoplastic
polymers. The Implant does not have to consist of a single material, but rather
composite structures of steel / thermoplastic, steel / ceramic, Ceramic /
polymer, etc. can be used.
So are preferred
materials as steel, CoCr, Ti6Al4V + TiN, ZrO, oxime coating, other ceramics,
capillaries traversed material, material with permanently slimy surface,
material with slime-forming Surface in connection with the existing body fluid
used. But also polymers such as polyamide, polyurethane, polypropylene,
Polyester and the like, which may also be fiber-reinforced, can be used.
alternative can
composite materials of the above materials with biological active surfaces or
components are used. Biologically active components include surfaces, which may
contain pharmaceutical agents that increase cartilage growth stimulate or
retard cartilage degeneration, the at once or in a timed release mode be
delivered.
But it is also
possible to load the joint space implants with drugs for the delivery of
substances for pain reduction, anti-inflammatory, bone regeneration, cartilage
regeneration, GDF application, messenger substance transfer or similar.
According to the
invention in the joint space adapted to the natural joint shape Inserted
intermediate layer. It is advantageous, if appropriate the load the areas of
high load and thus a larger Wear, made of stronger, more abrasion-resistant
Material than the rest if composite structures are used. The surface preferably
has a surface hardness that at least mitigates, if not even worsens Wear
resistant, is and a high lubricity has. It is also possible that this liner off
a material exists over an endless period of time can be absorbed.
The Radii of the
surfaces of the implants of the liner can be different and depend on the insert
and the injury. If the place of injury on articular cartilage or on sections of
the bone structure is a relatively constant Radius of the surface the defective
surfaces bridge at these points, reducing the burden is distributed back to
healthy tissue and makes it possible that becomes inflamed or otherwise damaged
Regenerate surfaces.
The Areas of the
liner run against each other the side of the bone surface with healthy
cartilage like that to each other, that a sliding transition from the cartilage
surface takes place to the surface of the intermediate layer. This is achieved
by the two surfaces so close to each other that they form an acute angle at the
edge. On the lateral side, at the preferred a fixation of the intermediate
layer on the bone or on the soft tissue, this is not absolutely necessary.
In an embodiment is
at a rigid intermediate layer the outer radius of curvature of the bone facing
Area larger than the radius of the inner Acetabular surface. This results in a
discharge the already worn area in the joint. It is also possible that the
outer radius of curvature the bone-facing surface is the same size like the
radius of curvature of the acetabular surface, however, in this case, a work-in
in the worn area at the joint required. Again, there is a relief of the already
worn cartilage area. It has been shown that when using this type a kind of pole
flattening is required is.
It But it is also
possible that the form-fitting liner Even gliding can take place within a
limited range the articular surfaces.
Prefers The
form-adapted intermediate layer itself is fixed to the articular surface and
glides together with the remaining cartilage surface in the joint.
The Form-fitting
liner can be attached to the sliding surface Have depressions, for example,
flat groove-shaped Depressions or scale-like depressions. The wells cause the
substances with lubricating lubricating properties on the surface or between
the articular surfaces, which in addition to a better synovial transport also
an improved Sliding the surfaces against each other and simultaneously the
transport of the synovium improved metabolic support done in the joint.
to Securing the
position of the implants on the articular surface advantageous a firm fixing
such as a cerclage attachment or also by usual fasteners, such as screws,
spikes, mandrels at least two points, ventral cranial and dorsal cranial, which
depends on the accessibility. At but the implant can also be on the outside
so-called fixation tabs, -wülste or collar available be.
Of the Condyle, z.
B. a femoral head can take place with a rigid liner also with a flexible liner,
for example, with a cap be slipped over with tabs at the damaged site and Z. B.
be attached by means of Cerclage.
It has been shown to
make the use of composite components more advantageous can be like a metal
sliding segment with a partially flexible Wreath with or without flaps or edge,
waistband or a collar to Fixation.
The following
description of preferred embodiments The invention is in connection with the
drawing of the closer Explanation.
It demonstrate:
1 Perspective
view of an implant as an intermediate layer for a socket
2 Perspective
view of an implant as an intermediate layer for a joint ball
3 a view of an
implant as an intermediate layer on a joint ball
4 a dorsal view
of an implant as an intermediate layer on a joint ball
5 View of an
implant as an intermediate layer in a socket.
6 View of an
implant as an intermediate layer for an ankle.
7 Side view of
an implant for a socket
7a View of the
implant in the section plane A-A
7b View of the
implant in the section plane B-B The same parts are given the same reference
numbers below.
In the case of a
joint, it is conceivable to arrange an implant in a damaged cartilage mass in
the form of an implant part according to the present invention, for example in
the form of an intermediate layer, as exemplified in US
Pat 1 and 2 is shown in the form of an artificial
intermediate layer. The implant part has an articulation surface 1 on
that part of a joint surface of the socket 5 forms. The shape of the
articulation surface 1 is approximately coincident with the
Articulationsfläche the condyle 6 that allow gliding together.
At the outer edge 14 The articular surface
of the implant is a bead 8 outwardly arched to abut the bone, which
once has the function of fixing the position when inserting into the joint, in
which the bead 8 resting on the bone and through the arranged
holes 7 in the bead 8 Is it possible to attach the implant
to the bone 12 firmly fixed by various holding means. This can be done by screws not shown or by a
seam in soft tissue.
Not shown is a simplification of the bead 8 in
which instead of a continuous bead 8 only one or two tabs on the
outer edge 14 are arranged. At the outer edge 14 the
implant part having holes 7 or in an outwardly bulging bead 8 ,
which is applied to the bone, can be used if necessary for various types of
holding means, for fixing the implant as an intermediate layer to the
bone 12 ,
The two surfaces,
the articulation surface 1 and the bone facing
surface 2 are designed so that they at an acute angle to form an
edge 13 converge to a border that forms such a transition to healthy
bone tissue. Because the height of the edge 13 due to the shape is so
low, a smooth gliding in the joint is possible.
In the articulation
area 1 are a number of depressions in the form of dandruff 9 or
grooves 10 arranged for better sliding of the surfaces against each
other and for the supply of synovia for better metabolic support in the joint.
In the 2 an
implant is shown as an intermediate layer for a joint ball. It gets on the
bone 12 a part of a joint ball, as
in 3 and 4 exemplified, arranged. The edge 13 is
formed by colliding the articulation surface 1 and the bone-facing
surface 2 at an acute angle. To fix the implant to the bone are
holes 7 in the immediate vicinity of the outer
edge 14 arranged.
In the 5 ,
is an implant as an intermediate layer in the inserted state in a pan of a
bone 12 shown.
In the 6 ,
an implant is shown as an intermediate layer for an ankle joint. Due to the
special bone joint shape, the intermediate layer also has the curvature with
the Articukationsfläche 1 and the bone-facing side 2 , For
fixing the intermediate layer is on the outer edge 14 a bead 8 with
laughter 7 arranged for the implementation of fixing means, not
shown. Due to the special
anatomy of the ankle bone, the intermediate layer has the shape of a double
curvature arranged next to one another.
Like from
the 7 is seen, the interposition of the femur bone has such a form
that it at least partially covers the articular surface of the bone. You can
see the large articulation area 1 which is bounded on one side by the
edge 13 , On the side that is at the edge of the hinge is the outside
edge 14 with the adjoining bead 8 shown, in which are the
holes 7 for holding means not shown are located. In addition, it can be seen the sectional
area A-A, in the 7a is shown and the sectional area B-B, which in
the 7b is shown.
From
the 7a it can be seen that the radii 3 and 4 are
different, allowing a tapering of the Articulationsfläche 1 and the
bone-facing surface 2 on the edge 13 he follows. The middle
section 15 is thicker than the edge 13 ,
From the 7b again the partial shell structure can be seen. The articulation surface 1 with the edge 13 and the outer edge 14 with the adjacent bead 8 , The fact that the shell construction does not go over the entire surface in the joint is particularly clear in this section, due to the split representation of the intermediate layer.
Claims:
1. Implant
as an intermediate layer between articulating joint surfaces, wherein the
intermediate layer has a surface shape which is at least partially in the form
of a joint surface formed as a joint shell, characterized in that the
Articulationsfläche ( 1 ) and the bone-facing surface ( 2 )
of the intermediate layer are tapered so that the edge ( 13 ) has a
smaller thickness than the middle section ( 15 ) of the intermediate
layer, wherein the bone-facing surface ( 2 ) has a shape
corresponding to the damaged bone surface.
2. Implant
according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the radius of the outer
surface ( 3 ) to the acetabulum radius ( 4 ) is equal to or
greater.
3. Implant
according to claim 1, characterized in that in the intermediate layer in the
vicinity of the outer edge ( 14 ) or in the bead ( 8 )
partially holes ( 7 ) for a fixation on the bone ( 12 ) are
arranged.
4. Implant
according to claim 1, characterized in that the articulation surface
( 1 ) partial recesses in the form of grooves ( 10 )
having.
5. Implant
according to claim 1, characterized in that on the Articulationsfläche
( 1 ) partially dandruff ( 9 ) are arranged.
6. Implant
according to claim 1, characterized in that the articulation surface
( 1 ) of the intermediate layer is coated with a wear-reducing or
wear-resistant layer.
7. Implant
according to claim 1, characterized in that that the intermediate layer
contains therapeutic agents.
8. Implant
according to claim 1, characterized in that that the liner is a shell
construction and from a rigid material exists.
9. Implant
according to claim 1, characterized in that that the intermediate layer is a
flexible construction or a resilient Has effect.
10. Implant
according to claim 1, characterized in that that the wall thickness curve is
variable.
11. Implant
according to claim 1, characterized in that that the intermediate layer is
flexible and unfoldable.
12. Implant
according to claim 1, characterized in that on the
Articulationsfläche 1 Substance with lubricating lubricating
properties is present.
QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.
Cited patent literature
- US 4752296 [0004]
- US 6096084 [0005]
Figs.
1 articular surface
2 surface facing the bone
3 radius of the outer surface
4 radius of the acetabulum
5 socket
6 head of the joint
7 hole
8 ball
9 canopy
10 grooves
11 surface
12 bone
13 edge
14 outer edge
15 middle part
A–A 1st cut
B–B 2nd cut
External links
Heiner G. Implantat
als Zwischenlage zwischen artikulierenden Gelenkflächen. DE102007018341A1
April, 13 2007. 2008. patents.google
Authors & Affiliations
Heiner Genrich – Dipl. -Ing. (FH), Milower Land, DE
Keywords
ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament
of head of femur, endoprosthesis, prosthesis,
invention, unipolar, subtotal
NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7
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