2024ArkhipovSV

The monograph The Ninth Month, Eleventh Day [Rus] is dedicated to the oldest mention of LCF injury and the fate of the first patient with this pathology.

Arkhipov S.V. The Ninth Month, Eleventh Day: A Reflection on Chapter XXXII of the Book of Genesis. Joensuu: Author’s Edition, 2024.

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The narrative in the Book of Genesis about the struggle between Patriarch Jacob and God is a retelling of a dream. Our opinion is based on the assessment of the legend from a medical point of view. Analysis of the text, taking into account reliable information, showed that the first version was written almost 3,600 years ago in Egypt. Two writers worked on the work. One, a physician-encyclopedist, supplemented the family tales of the co-author with duplicates of literary characters and scientific facts. This addition rendered the biblical epic believable in the eyes of contemporaries. Later, the artistically processed dream became a key circumstance of the doctrines of the largest religions. Who needed this and why is not discussed. Most of the mysteries of the Old Testament myth were rationally explained. It remains unclear how the brilliant doctor identified damage to the ligament of the hip joint in Patriarch Jacob. A reliable method for diagnosing this injury, which leads to incurable osteoarthritis, is still unknown.

The monograph is addressed to medical workers and supporters of atheism

Dedicated to my mother,

wise, warm-hearted, beloved.

Arkhipova (Molchanova) Zinaida Evgenievna

Synopsis

The preface briefly narrates the history of the book's development, providing an overview of the discussed events in the Book of Genesis and introducing the main character, Patriarch Jacob.

Chapter 1 outlines essential information about the origin of the text and its early translations. It presents the author's hypothesis that the first version of Genesis was written in Ancient Egypt during the 17th-16th centuries BCE and traces its subsequent evolution in the land of modern-day Israel.

Chapter 2 provides a timeline, dating the life of Abraham (a contemporary of Hammurabi’s son), the migration of Jacob's family to Egypt (following the eruption of the Santorini volcano), the birth of his son Joseph, the "global flood," and the expulsions of Cain, Adam, and Eve (events of the Paleolithic era).

Chapter 3 examines Jacob's life and the injury he sustained, arguing that his brother Esau (depicted with a congenital anomaly) is a fictional character inspired by Enkidu from the Mesopotamian Epic of Gilgamesh.

Chapters 4 and 5 reconstruct and date (1633 BCE) the only plausible migration route of Jacob's family from Haran (modern Turkey) to present-day Israel. These chapters highlight clearly fabricated episodes and inconsistencies in the Biblical timeline.

Chapter 6 recounts the author’s expedition to Jordan, during which an ancient ford over the Jabbok River (Zarqa) mentioned in the Bible was discovered. This ford was reportedly used by figures from both the Old and New Testaments. According to legend, it is where the Jewish people received the name "Israel."

Chapter 7 explains that Jacob's struggle with an angel was a dream of a creatively gifted individual from the Bronze Age. The theological and clerical interpretations of this Biblical episode are shown to be speculative readings of the dream.

Chapter 8 focuses on the anatomy of the hip joint, specifically the "sinew of the thigh," as described in Genesis. It concludes that knowledge of this anatomical feature and its injuries originated in Ancient Egypt, showcasing the country's advanced medical expertise. It is stated that the commandment prohibiting the consumption of the ligament of the thigh of an animal is not applicable. Jews and Muslims observe a ritual that is essentially unrelated to religion.

Chapter 9 explores how Jacob might have injured his hip while crossing the river. The author's viewpoint is supported and illustrated through experiments with mechanical models.

Chapter 10 explains why Jacob developed a limp after his injury. Ancient Egyptian texts suggest that the precise cause of his limp and the resulting hip disease was known 3,600 years ago. The chapter speculates how an ancient physician could diagnose Jacob’s injury and why this medical knowledge was embedded in the story—to preserve the discovery for future generations. Alongside this analysis, experiments and illustrations emphasize the critical role of the hip's ligament and demonstrate the mechanics of injury during walking. The author encourages readers to care for their hip joints.

Chapter 11 briefly reviews various artistic and poetic interpretations of Jacob’s struggle with the angel.

The epilogue emphasizes the historicity of the main character. It is concluded that the Book of Genesis was written to exalt the Hyksos official. The text incorporates archaic ideas about the physical world, evolution, anatomy, and physiology. Genesis is classified as a literary work, akin to an ancient encyclopedia. Given its datable elements, the knowledge it conveys can be included in literary reviews, excluding the identified mythical aspects. The discussed text underpins the doctrines of the three largest religions. While the question of who needed this and why is left unanswered, the author hopes readers will reflect on the irrationality of constructing theological doctrines on dreams and hallucinations.

Contents

Пресловие

Глава 1. Создание и переводы Библии

Глава 2. Датировка ветхозаветной истории

Глава 3. Житие Патриарха Иакова

Глава 4. География Ветхозаветного похода

Глава 5. Путешествие из Харрана в Маханаим

Глава 6. Переход через Иавок

Глава 7. Сновидение Патриарха Иакова

Глава 8. Жила состава бедра

Глава 9. Повреждение, но не поражение

Глава 10. И хромал он на бедро свое

Глава 11. Сюжет в зеркале искусства

Послесловие

Приложение 1. Датировка событий жизни Патриарха Иакова

Приложение 2. Предание Патриарха Иакова

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Author:

Arkhipov S.V. – candidate of medical sciences, surgeon, traumatologist-orthopedist.

Citation:

Архипов С.В. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день: Рассуждение о XXXII главе книги Бытие; 2-е изд., перераб. и доп. Йоэнсуу: Издание Автора, 2024.

Arkhipov, S.V. The Ninth Month, Eleventh Day: A Reflection on Chapter XXXII of the Book of Genesis. 2nd ed., revised and expanded. Joensuu: Author’s Edition, 2024. [Rus]

Purchase:

PDF version is available on Google Play & Google Books.

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, history, first patient, symptoms, injury, damage, synonyms

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Short retelling of chapter 1 of the essay: Arkhipov S.V. Human Children: The Origins of Biblical Legends from a Physician's Perspective. Joensuu: Author's Edition, 2025. [In Russian] Chapter 1. THE BEGINNING OF THE WORLD The Bible stands as a remarkable testament to religious and philosophical thought, passed down through the ages with minimal alterations. At its core lies a collection of texts rooted in the sacred writings of Jewish and Samaritan traditions, known as the Torah, meaning "Law" or "Teaching." In its narrowest sense, the Torah comprises the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, collectively called the Tanakh—an acronym derived from the Hebrew terms for "Law/Teaching" (Torah), "Prophets" (Nevi’im), and "Writings" (Ketuvim). Beyond this Written Torah, there exists an Oral Torah, which includes the Mishnah, Talmud, and Midrash, offering interpretations and expansions of the written texts. The Written Torah it...

1851HyrtlJ

The author expresses a classic view on the functions of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF): a conductor of blood vessels and a limiter of adduction of the femur. J. Hyrtl believed that it was impossible to completely dislocate the hip without tearing the LCF. Hyrtl J. Lehrbuch der Anatomie des Menschen, mit Rücksicht auf physiologische Begründung und praktische Anwendung. Wien: W. Braumüller, 1851. [fragment] Quote p. 265 In der Höhle des Gelenks liegt das runde Band des Schenkelkopfes (Lig. teres), welches an der Incisura acetabuli entspringt, und bei richtiger Neigung des Beckens, senkrecht zur Grube des Schenkelkopfes aufsteigt. Es beschränkt dieses Band die Zuziehung des Schenkels, und schreibt zugleich den durch die Incisura acetabuli eindringenden Blutgefässen den Weg vor, den sie zum Oberschenkelkopfe zu nehmen haben. Da das Band, wenn es in die Höhle des Gelenkes vorragen würde, durch Reibung viel zu leiden hätte, so...

1730CheseldenW

Fragments from the book Cheselden W. The Anatomy of the Human Body (1730). The author draws attention to the role of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in counteracting hip dislocation and maintaining the femoral head in the joint. The work notes that the LCF is “powerful” and “short” - “about two inches” i.e. approximately 5 cm! This error will be corrected in a subsequent treatise ( 1733CheseldenW ) . Quote pp. 43 - 44 Chap. VII. Of the Ligaments At the upper part of the articulation of the Os Femoris and Os Innominatum, is a strong ligament of great consequence; it contributing very much to preserve that joint from being luxated by the weight of the body. And from the lower edge of the Acetabulum of the Os Innominatum, runs a ligament to the middle of the head of the Os Femoris, about two inches long (which the Motion in this joint requires) called Teres, or Rotundum, whose use is to prevent the Os Femoris from being luxated upwards, but down wards it will le...

2019(a)ArkhipovSV_SkvortsovDV

Ligamentum capitis femoris: first written mentions S.V. Arkhipov, D.V. Skvortsov SUMMARY Background. A ligamentum capitis femoris (syn. ligamentum teres) is one of the least studied anatomical structures. We know little about its role in the musculoskeletal system, and even less about its first written mentions. Purpose. This article is intended to clarify who and when first described the connection of the head of the femur in the medical literature, and to provide a hypothesis about its first mention in the history of mankind. Material and methods. We reviewed the oldest written sources available to us, covering the anatomy of the hip joint and ligamentum capitis femoris. Conclusion. The first description of the ligamentum capitis femoris in the medical text is given by Hippocrates of Kos in the treatise Instruments of Reductions (V-IV century BC). According to our hypothesis, the first in the history of mankind to mention a ligamentum capitis femoris, is cont...

16th Century

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Signet ring

Signet ring , bas-relief – Jacob wrestling with an angel. Variant of depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work: Ninth month, eleventh day ( 2024 АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ). https://www.familysealrings.com/Faith-Rings.html Signet ring , bas-relief – Ja...

1877MorrisH

An excerpt from the article by Morris H. Dislocations of the Thigh: their mode of occurrence as indicated by experiments, and the Anatomy of the Hip-joint (1877, pp. 161-170). The author noted that the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) is stretched during flexion, adduction, and external rotation. It was found that the LCF is always damaged in hip dislocations, is more often torn from the femur, and is rarely ruptured. Discussion of article see article 1877BrookeC . DISLOCATIONS OF THE THIGH: THEIR MODE OF OCCURRENCE AS INDICATED BY EXPERIMENTS AND THE ANATOMY OF THE HIP-JOINT. BY HENRY MORRIS, M.A., M.B., F.R.C.S., ASSISTANT SURGEON TO, AND LECTURER ON ANATOY1 AT, THE MIDDLESEX HOSPITAL. Received January 9th-Read February 13th, 1877. RECENTLY, whilst making various dissections of the hip-joint, the usually accepted doctrine that dorsal and ischiatic dislocations of the femur occur when the thigh is in a position of adduction appeared to me as very improbable, on anatomi...

1849QuainJ

Fragments from the book by Jones Quain (fifth edition): Elements of anatomy Vol. 1 (1849), the first edition was published in 1828. The author writes about the anatomy of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and mentions synonyms. Quote p. 278 THE HIP-JOINT. This is a true ball-and-socket joint, in which the globular head of the femur is received into the acetabulum or cotyloid cavity. The articulating surfaces are covered by cartilage in the greater part of their extent. It is deficient, however, at the bottom of the cavity, and also a little beneath the central point of the head of the femur; the latter marking the insertion of the round ligament, the former a shallow fossa for the lodgment of the structure which has been called the synovial gland. The connecting means in this articulation are three ligaments, viz. a capsular, cotyloid, and interarticular ligament, together with a synovial membrane. Fig. 147. Ligaments of the pelvis and hip-joint. The view is t...

18th Century

18th Century Catalog of archived publications of the specified period 1700-1709 1705PetitJL The author writes about anatomy, role, and damage of the LCF in hip dislocation. 1705RuyschF The author describes the anatomical preparation containing the LCF, notes its areas of attachment, geometric and mechanical properties. 1706PolluxJ The author refers to LCF as "νεῦρον" and also points out the synonym "ἰσχίον". 1709PetitJL The author discusses the anatomy, role and damage of the LCF in hip dislocation, and also mentions the principle of treatment. 1710-1719 1715MunnicksJ The author describes the attachment, shape, role of the LCF, and discusses subluxation of the hip. 1717HermannD The author indicates the distal area of attachment of the LCF and uses a rare synonym. 1720-1729 1720RuyschF The author draws attention to the well-developed blood supply of the acetabular fossa, as well as the ...

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