Skip to main content

2024ArkhipovSV

 

The monograph The Ninth Month, Eleventh Day [Rus] is dedicated to the oldest mention of LCF injury and the fate of the first patient with this pathology.

Arkhipov S.V. The Ninth Month, Eleventh Day: A Reflection on Chapter XXXII of the Book of Genesis. Joensuu: Author’s Edition, 2024.


annotation

The narrative in the Book of Genesis about the struggle between Patriarch Jacob and God is a retelling of a dream. Our opinion is based on the assessment of the legend from a medical point of view. Analysis of the text, taking into account reliable information, showed that the first version was written almost 3,600 years ago in Egypt. Two writers worked on the work. One, a physician-encyclopedist, supplemented the family tales of the co-author with duplicates of literary characters and scientific facts. This addition rendered the biblical epic believable in the eyes of contemporaries. Later, the artistically processed dream became a key circumstance of the doctrines of the largest religions. Who needed this and why is not discussed. Most of the mysteries of the Old Testament myth were rationally explained. It remains unclear how the brilliant doctor identified damage to the ligament of the hip joint in Patriarch Jacob. A reliable method for diagnosing this injury, which leads to incurable osteoarthritis, is still unknown.  

The monograph is addressed to medical workers and supporters of atheism


 





Dedicated to my mother,
wise, warm-hearted, beloved.

Arkhipova (Molchanova) Zinaida Evgenievna

Synopsis 

The preface briefly narrates the history of the book's development, providing an overview of the discussed events in the Book of Genesis and introducing the main character, Patriarch Jacob.

Chapter 1 outlines essential information about the origin of the text and its early translations. It presents the author's hypothesis that the first version of Genesis was written in Ancient Egypt during the 17th-16th centuries BCE and traces its subsequent evolution in the land of modern-day Israel.

Chapter 2 provides a timeline, dating the life of Abraham (a contemporary of Hammurabi’s son), the migration of Jacob's family to Egypt (following the eruption of the Santorini volcano), the birth of his son Joseph, the "global flood," and the expulsions of Cain, Adam, and Eve (events of the Paleolithic era).

Chapter 3 examines Jacob's life and the injury he sustained, arguing that his brother Esau (depicted with a congenital anomaly) is a fictional character inspired by Enkidu from the Mesopotamian Epic of Gilgamesh.

Chapters 4 and 5 reconstruct and date (1633 BCE) the only plausible migration route of Jacob's family from Haran (modern Turkey) to present-day Israel. These chapters highlight clearly fabricated episodes and inconsistencies in the Biblical timeline.

Chapter 6 recounts the author’s expedition to Jordan, during which an ancient ford over the Jabbok River (Zarqa) mentioned in the Bible was discovered. This ford was reportedly used by figures from both the Old and New Testaments. According to legend, it is where the Jewish people received the name "Israel."

Chapter 7 explains that Jacob's struggle with an angel was a dream of a creatively gifted individual from the Bronze Age. The theological and clerical interpretations of this Biblical episode are shown to be speculative readings of the dream.

Chapter 8 focuses on the anatomy of the hip joint, specifically the "sinew of the thigh," as described in Genesis. It concludes that knowledge of this anatomical feature and its injuries originated in Ancient Egypt, showcasing the country's advanced medical expertise. It is stated that the commandment prohibiting the consumption of the ligament of the thigh of an animal is not applicable. Jews and Muslims observe a ritual that is essentially unrelated to religion.

Chapter 9 explores how Jacob might have injured his hip while crossing the river. The author's viewpoint is supported and illustrated through experiments with mechanical models.

Chapter 10 explains why Jacob developed a limp after his injury. Ancient Egyptian texts suggest that the precise cause of his limp and the resulting hip disease was known 3,600 years ago. The chapter speculates how an ancient physician could diagnose Jacob’s injury and why this medical knowledge was embedded in the story—to preserve the discovery for future generations. Alongside this analysis, experiments and illustrations emphasize the critical role of the hip's ligament and demonstrate the mechanics of injury during walking. The author encourages readers to care for their hip joints.

Chapter 11 briefly reviews various artistic and poetic interpretations of Jacob’s struggle with the angel.

The epilogue emphasizes the historicity of the main character. It is concluded that the Book of Genesis was written to exalt the Hyksos official. The text incorporates archaic ideas about the physical world, evolution, anatomy, and physiology. Genesis is classified as a literary work, akin to an ancient encyclopedia. Given its datable elements, the knowledge it conveys can be included in literary reviews, excluding the identified mythical aspects. The discussed text underpins the doctrines of the three largest religions. While the question of who needed this and why is left unanswered, the author hopes readers will reflect on the irrationality of constructing theological doctrines on dreams and hallucinations.

 

Contents

Пресловие

Глава 1. Создание и переводы Библии

Глава 2. Датировка ветхозаветной истории

Глава 3. Житие Патриарха Иакова

Глава 4. География Ветхозаветного похода

Глава 5. Путешествие из Харрана в Маханаим

Глава 6. Переход через Иавок

Глава 7. Сновидение Патриарха Иакова

Глава 8. Жила состава бедра

Глава 9. Повреждение, но не поражение

Глава 10. И хромал он на бедро свое

Глава 11. Сюжет в зеркале искусства

Послесловие

Приложение 1. Датировка событий жизни Патриарха Иакова

Приложение 2. Предание Патриарха Иакова


««Back || Contents || Learn more»»

                                                                     

Author:

Arkhipov S.V. – candidate of medical sciences, surgeon, traumatologist-orthopedist. 

Citation:

Архипов С.В. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день: Рассуждение о XXXII главе книги Бытие; 2-е изд., перераб. и доп. Йоэнсуу: Издание Автора, 2024.  

Arkhipov, S.V. The Ninth Month, Eleventh Day: A Reflection on Chapter XXXII of the Book of Genesis. 2nd ed., revised and expanded. Joensuu: Author’s Edition, 2024. [Rus]

Purchase:

PDF version is available on Google Play & Google Books.

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, history, first patient, symptoms, injury, damage, synonyms

BLOG CONTENT

ANCIENT MENTIONS


Comments

Popular posts from this blog

LCF in 2026 (September)

  LCF in 2026 (September )  (Quotes from articles and books published in September   2026 mentioning the ligamentum capitis femoris)   Goetz, J. E., Hockman, J., & Willey, M. C. (2026). Rabbit models of hip dysplasia: a narrative review. Laboratory animal research , 42 (1), 32.   [i]   link.springer.com   Kahana-Rojkind, A. H., Strok, M. J., Walsh, E. G., Quesada-Jimenez, R., Kuhns, B. D., & Domb, B. G. (2026). Factors Associated With Return to Sport at Minimum 10-Year Follow-up in Athletes With Borderline Hip Dysplasia Undergoing Hip Arthroscopy With Capsular Plication. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine , 14 (9), 23259671261451218.   [ii]   journals.sagepub.com   Stanard, I., Almhanna, H., Al-Mahmodi, A. M. M., Kilroy, D., & Kumar, A. H. (2026). Comparative Analysis of Vascular Density in the Femoral Head Ligament of the Dog, Sheep, and Goat.  [iii]   oajr.org , researchgate.net   Hirt, J., Roshardt, ...

1785SandifortE

  Fragments from the book Sandifort E. Descriptio ossium hominis. (1785). The author briefly writes about the attachment of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). Quote p. 104 [Lat] Os ischium… … Qua spectat pelvim (a) os ischion æquabile est, modice cavatum, ab exteriore profunde sinuatum (b). Sinus hic, quem acetabulum vocant, maximus, sere rotundus, est, dividique potest in partes duas, alteram semilunarem quodammodo, cartilagine tectam (c), hinc æquabilem, alteram altius excavatam, asperam (d), glandulæ muciparæ sedem præbentem, & educentem ligamentum teres, quod capiti ossis femoris infigitur (e). … Quote p. 108-109 [Lat] Femoris os … … Caput magnum, globosum, cartilagine lævi incrustatum, oblique positum (b), id est, sursum introrsumque tendens, magnitudine & figura cum acetabulo (i) congruens, intra illud admittitur, illique alligatur per ligamentum teres, quod firmiter adhæret ab altera parte acetabulo, ab altera sinui profundo, inæquabili, qui in dicto capite est (k...

LCF in 2026 (August)

    LCF in 2026 (August )  (Quotes from articles and books published in  August   2026 mentioning the ligamentum capitis femoris)   Maldonado, D. R., Schab, A. R., & Domb, B. G. (2026). Improvement in Patient‐Reported Outcomes, High Rate of Return to Sport, and Secondary Surgery Rate Ranging From 0% to 9.8% After Hip Arthroscopy in Dancers and Athletes in Flexibility Sports: A Systematic Review. Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation , e70020.    [i]    arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com   Klingele, K., & Strub, D. (2026). Author Response: Considerations and Challenges in Open Reduction With Ligamentum Teres Reconstruction for Pediatric Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics .    [ii]    ovid.com   Quesada‐Jimenez, R., Rana, K., Strok, M. J., Kahana‐Rojkind, A. H., Burt, A. K., Sugarman, E. P., & Domb, B. G. (2026). Dual Labral and Ligamentum Ter...

18c.FontebassoF

  Fontebasso F, painting, Jacob wrestling with the angel (18th cent.).  Depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day.  26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank.  ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work:  Ninth month, eleventh day  ( 2024АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ). Francesco Fontebasso  – Jacob Wrestling with the Angel (18th cent.); original in the  matthiesenga...

Tiktaalik roseae

  TIKTAALIK ROSEAE The first truly tetrapod animal (Limbed tetrapods) is recognized as the lobe-finned fish Tiktaalik roseae (clade Elpistostegalia), discovered in rocks aged about 375 Ma (2006DaeschlerEB_JenkinsJrFA; 2008ShubinN; 2017ShubinN). Discoveries in recent years have allowed us to place the taxa of early tetrapodomorphs in the following order: Tinirau, Eusthenopteron, Megalichthys, Panderichthys, Qikiqtania, Tiktaalik, Elpistostege, Parmastega, Ventastega, Acanthostega, Elginerpeton, Ymeria, Ichthyostega (2022StewartTA_ShubinNH). The closest ancestor of Tiktaalik roseae, the fragments of the skeleton of which are relatively well preserved, is Panderichthys. Reconstruction of the prehistoric fish Pandericthys Author Tyler Rhodes; original in the  wikipedia.org   collection (license CC BY-SA 3.0, no changes). The shape of the skeleton of the pectoral fin and shoulder girdle suggests that Panderichthys rhombolepis "walked" (2006AhlbergPE_ClackJA). At the very least...

Homo ergaster

  HOMO ERGASTER The Homo ergaster species lived in Africa 1.8 million years ago and was alive until 600,000 years ago, likely becoming the ancestor of Homo erectus in Asia, Homo neanderthalensis in Europe, and Homo sapiens in Africa (1995CachelS_HarrisJ; 2005KleinR). Homo ergaster is occasionally equated with Homo erectus in publications (2013TattersallI). The most complete Homo ergaster skeleton belongs to an adolescent named "Turkana Boy" (KNM-WT 15000). The young man was between 8 and 12 years old (2010GravesRR_CunninghamDL; 2019BergmanJ). The age of this individual's remains is believed to be 1.6 million years (2007TattersallI). Turkana Boy (reconstruction) Author: Mettmann Neanderthal Museum; source:  wikimedia.org  collection (license CC BY-SA 4.0, no changes). The pelvis of specimen KNM-WT 15000 is well preserved. It shows ossified acetabulums. In turn, they have spacious acetabular fossae and wide acetabular notches. Based on these elements, it is possible to conc...

Human Children. Retelling of Chapter 10

      Short retelling of chapter 10 of the essay: Arkhipov S.V. Human Children: The Origins of Biblical Legends from a Physician's Perspective. Joensuu: Author's Edition, 2025. [In Russian]  Chapter 10. THE ARK AND THE CAVE The Book of Genesis does not specify where Noah lived before the flood, but it is plausible his home was in the "land of Nod." To save his family and terrestrial animals, Noah builds an ark measuring "three hundred cubits" long, "fifty cubits" wide, and "thirty cubits" high, coated with pitch inside and out. The vessel has three decks, a pyramidal roof, a side door, and a window, likely at the top. Noah loads his wife, three sons with their wives, and representatives of birds, reptiles, and "clean and unclean cattle." The text lists some "passengers": Noah’s sons, Shem, Ham, and Japheth, and mentions "beasts," "cattle," "creeping things," "flying creatures,"...

Homo neanderthalensis

  HOMO NEANDERTHALENSIS Homo neanderthalensis flourished 500-30 thousand years ago in Europe and Asia. It is assumed that its ancestor could have been Homo ergaster or Homo heidelbergensis (2005KleinR). Homo sapiens neanderthalensis «Mr. N» Neanderthal Museum in Mettmann, fragment of the original photograph; source in the  wikimedia.org  collection (license CC BY-SA 4.0, no changes). Neanderthal, late type, the old man from La Chapelle-aux-Saints, reconstruction by M.M. Gerasimov; exposition of the Orlov Paleontological Museum (Moscow); photo by the author. A reconstruction of the pelvis of the Neanderthal "Kebara 2" (Israel), whose remains are dated to 64-59 Kya (2021AdegboyegaMT_WeaverTD), is known. The well-preserved right pelvic bone (Fig. 1) has a large acetabulum with fossa and acetabular notch, indicating the presence of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). Neanderthal pelvis, right acetabulum view from the lateral side (3-D model); original image on   sketchfab....

MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS

  MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS ( Erroneous and folkloric beliefs, folk and traditional stories...)  LCF in English Bibles   The first written mention of the LCF in humans is found in the  ancient Hebrew book – Bereshit (Genesis). In English translations of the Bible, LCF is denoted by various terms, often not explicitly referring to the «ligament».  The Shortest Comments on Genesis, Chap. XXXII-XXXIII  In the selected excerpt, the symptoms, mechanism, and differential diagnostic test for the injury to LCF are provided, along with details about the circumstances, time, and place of the biblical trauma.  1609-1583bcProtoBereshit  Hypothesis: in the work of fiction, an unknown physician-encyclopedist for the first time pointed out damage to the LCF as a cause of gait disturbance.  922-722bcElohist  A variant of the oldest description of damage to the LCF and the cause of lameness in Hebrew, dating from 922-722 BC.  8cent.bcHomer   The...

1878MarshallJ

  Fragments from the book Marshall J. Anatomy for artists (1878). The author discusses the anatomy and briefly the role of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF): «… checks adduction of the thigh, or a sinking down of the pelvis upon the opposite side, and, possibly, also limits the reciprocal, horizontal rotatory movements of the femur and the pelvis on each other» .   Quote p. 65 The head of the femur is almost entirely received into the acetabulum, a deep socket of the hip-bone, thus forming the largest and most complete ball-and- socket joint in the body. At a point on the inner side of the head of the femur, a little below and also behind its centre, is a small rough, bifid , depression, for the attachment of the ligamentum teres of the hip-joint. Opposite this point, the head of the bone is, however, more prominent than elsewhere, and corresponds with a non- articular depressed portion of the acetabulum.   Quote p. 68 The ligamentum teres, which is attached by one en...