Skip to main content

UNDERWATER ROCK OF THE RECONSTRUCTIONS

 

UNDERWATER ROCK OF THE LIGAMENTUM TERES RECONSTRUCTIONS

Sergey V. Arkhipov

Dedicated to reconstructors of ligamentum teres...


INTRODUCTION:

Our colleagues made a wonderful presentation: LT_PHILIPdoNOTlostIT_dicatate.mov, Philip Rosinsky et al., - Thanks!


PURPOSE:

Here I would like to recall one of the underwater rock on the way of the ligamentum teres reconstructions.


PREMISS:

Distribution of forces in the hip joint in the monopodial standing position and in the single limb stance phase of normal gait is complicated and not obvious. 

Fig.1 Distribution of forces in the single limb stance phase of normal gait (Arkhipov S.V., 2019)


PROBLEM:

What is the load on the ligamentum teres


CONDITIONS OF THE PROBLEM:

Acceleration of gravity, g = 9.8 m / s2

Overall of the body mass = 58.7 kg, see experiment of O.Fischer (Pauwels F, 2012, P.86)

Body mass (single limb support period) according to Fischer O. = 47.76 kg (Pauwels F., 2012, P.86)

The maximum dynamic component is the 17th phase of the step (dynamic force) +24.35 kg (Pauwels F., 2012, P.87)

Lever arm of the body weight = 0.1099 m (Pauwels F., 2012, P.83)

Lever arm of the abductor muscles = 0.04 m (Pauwels F., 2012, P.85)

Kapandji A.I.(2009): m. gluteus medius can develop force - 16 kg, m. gluteus minimus - 4.9 kg, m.

tensor fascia lata - 7.6 kg; i.e. in total the abductor muscle group can develop generate = 28.5 kg.

Diameter of the femoral head = 0.05 m (circa)

Fossa acetabulum depth 0.01 m (circa)

Bottom thickness of the fossa acetabulum = 0.003 m (circa)


SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM:

Rule of moments for a single support step period Arkhipov S.V. (2019)

PL = FabLab + FltLlt 

Body weight ((body mass + dynamic force) × g) in the 17th phase of the step: 

P = (47.76 + 24.35) × 9.8 = 706.68 N 

Lever arm of the ligamentum teres (half diameter of the femoral head + fossa acetabulum depth + Bottom thickness of the fossa acetabulum): 

Llt = 0.05/2 + 0.01 + 0.003 = 0.038 m 

Abductor force (pull of the abductor muscle × g): 

Fab = 28.5 × 9.8 = 279.3 N 

The ligamentum teres load: 

Flt = (PL - FabLab) / Llt 

Flt = (77.66 - 11.17) / 0.038 = 1749.74 N 


UNDERWATER ROCK:

The loading of the ligamentum teres during walking may be equivalent 178.54 kg, that is 3 times more of the overall body mass


QUESTION:

Fig. 2 Presentation of the Rosinsky P. et al., 2019 (video: right – 01 m. 13 s. ; left – 01 m. 18 s.)


Can this thread, button and bottom of the acetabulum withstand a load of 178.54 kg and how long?


ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

My good wishes for success to colleagues: Philip Rosinsky, Jacob Shapira, Ajay C. Lall, and Benjamin G. Domb. 


References

1. Rosinsky P., Shapira J., Lall A.C., Domb B.G. (2019) LT_PHILIPdoNOTlostIT_dicatate.mov. Retrieved December 23, 2019. from researchgate.net

2. Arkhipov S.V. (2019, September 22) New Biomechanics of the Hip Joints: Ligamentum Teres as a Functional Relation. Part I. Pictorial Essay. Ligamentum Teres – Ligamentum Incognitum. Vol. 0, № 0, pp. 1–25. Retrieved December 23, 2019. from ligteres.com

3. Pauwels F. Biomechanics of the locomotor apparatus: contributions on the functional anatomy of the locomotor apparatus. Berline [etc.], Springer Science & Business Media, 2012.

4. Kapandji A.I. The physiology of the joints: Lower limb. Vol. 2, 5th ed. New Delhi: Elsevier Exclusive, 2009.


                                                                     .

The article was first published in 2019 (December 23) on the website www.ligteres.com, copy: 

Arkhipov SV. Underwater Rock of the Ligamentum Teres Reconstructions. Ligamentum Teres – Ligamentum Incognitum. 2019, December 23:1-3. doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22632.42249 [researchgate.net]

keywords: ligamentum capitis femoris, ligament of head of femur, ligamentum teres, arthroplasty, reconstruction…

BLOG CONTENT

 SURGERY




Comments

Popular posts from this blog

1836-1840PartridgeR

  «Prof. Partridge in his lectures on anatomy at King's College was accustomed to compare the Ligamentum Teres, in its function, to the leathern straps by which the body of a carriage is suspended on springs » ( 1874SavoryWS ). Perhaps Nikolai Pirogov listened to these lectures ( 1859PirogoffN ).   The analogy that Richard Partridge used could have arisen after reading the monograph Bell J. The Principles of Surgery (1801) . In it, the author depicted a cart and a pelvis resting on the head of one and two femurs. However, there is no mention of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in the chart descriptions. References Savory WS. On the use of the ligamentum teres of the hip joint. J Anat Physiol. 1874;8(2)291-6.    [ ncbi.nlm.nih.gov  ,    archive.org ] Pirogoff N. Anatome topographica sectionibus per corpus humanum congelatum triplici directione ductus illustrate. Petropoli: Typis Jacobi Trey, 1859.   [ books.google  ,   archive.org ] ...

LCF in 2025 (March)

  LCF in 2025 ( March ):  Quotes from articles and books published in March 2025 mentioning the ligamentum capitis femoris.   Matsushita, Y., Sugiyama, H., Hayama, T., Sato, R., & Saito, M. (2025). Long-term Outcome of Pediatric Arthroscopic Surgery for Avulsion Fracture of the Ligamentum Teres: A Case Report. JBJS Case Connector ,  15 (1), e25.   [i]     journals.lww.com   Arkhipov, S. V. (2025). Inferior Portal for Hip Arthroscopy: A Pilot Experimental Study. Pt. 2. Inferior Portal Prototypes.  About Round Ligament of Femur . February 26, 2025.  [ii]   researchgate . net   Pfirrmann, C. W., & Kim, Y. J. (2025). Advanced Imaging. In  Surgical Hip Dislocation: A Comprehensive Approach to Modern Hip Surgery (pp. 29-42). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.  [iii]    link.springer.com   Singh, R., & Yadav, N. (2025). Morphometry and Morphology of the Fovea Capitis of the Femoral Head an...

2000-1600bcBM29663

  Fragment of the text of clay tablet BM 29663 (Mesopotamia, 2000-1600 BC). In the list of body parts of a sheep, the author indicates ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). See our commentary at the link: 2000-1600bcBM29663 [Rus]. Quote [Akk] Clay tablet BM 29663 (original source: photo - British Museum  britishmuseum.org , text - 2018CohenY , p. 134). Translation [Eng] List of Sheep Body Parts ( с lay tablet BM 29663, obverse) 10. ni-im-šu → nimšu, “sciatic nerve”, “sinew” . ( original source: 2018CohenY , p. 135). ( original source: British Museum  britishmuseum.org ,  CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)  External links Clay tablet; museum number 29663; registration number 1898,1115.49. Middle East, Old Babylonian period (2000-1600 BC). [ britishmuseum.org  ,  cdli.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de ] Sigrist M, Zadok R, Walker C. Catalogue of the Babylonian tablets in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Babylonian tablets in the British Museum. London: British Museum Press, 2006. ...

2025ArkhipovSV. Human Children

  The monograph  Arkhipov S.V. Human Children: The Origins of Biblical Legends from a Physician's Perspective. An essay with references to interactive materials. 2nd revised and expanded edition. Joensuu: Author's Edition, 2025. [In Russian].  The monograph dates the writing of the Book of Genesis and the events depicted in it, as well as refutes the authorship of Moses. I offer mutually beneficial cooperation (50/50) in literary translation into English or native language. Proofreading of machine translation and cooperation in editing are expected.  Requirements for co-author: 1. Native speaker 2. Experience as a writer. E-mail: archipovsv(&)gmail.com Annotation The first version of the Book of Genesis appeared in Ancient Egypt approximately 3,600 years ago, during the Hyksos period. The work was conceived as a fairy tale epic. An unknown physician-encyclopedist, who is also presumed to have authored the Edwin Smith Papyrus, played a role in its composition...

A FORCE THAT HELPS ROTATE THE PELVIS

   A force that helps rotate the pelvis when walking. Modeling the key movement of the ligamentum capitis femoris when walking (the simplest but most visual experiments). See: https://kruglayasvyazka.blogspot.com/2024/05/blog-post_29.html #ligamentum_teres   #ligamentum_capitis_femoris   #hip   #biomechanics    Publication in the facebook group 03/24/2025.                                                                                                                     BLOG CONTENT NEWS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS FACEBOOK

2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV

  Ancient Textual Sources on Ligamentum Teres: Context and Transmission S.V. Arkhipov, I.V. Prolygina   KEYWORDS: ancient medicine; ancient traumatology; Galen; Hippocrates; hip joint; ligamentum capitis femoris; ligament of head of femur; ligamentum teres. SUMMARY Background. One of the least researched anatomical structures of the human body is the ligament of head of femur, most often referred to as ligamentum teres. The history of the nomination of this term, medical contexts of its use, the etymology and the first synonyms (Figure 1) are not sufficiently understood. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to present the most complete collection of evidence from ancient medical authors about the term ligamentum teres, trace the history of its nomination and analyze the gradual changes in the level of knowledge about the anatomy, mechanical and geometric properties of this structure, its pathology and treatment methods. Methods. The study is based on an inter...

EXTERNAL LIGAMENTS & LCF

  external ligaments & LCF First experiments to study the interaction of the external ligaments and the ligamentum capitis femoris in a model: https://kruglayasvyazka.blogspot.com/2024/06/blog-post_6.html Pathological consequences of lengthening of the ligamentum capitis femoris: https://kruglayasvyazka.blogspot.com/2024/06/blog-post_63.html   norm: https://kruglayasvyazka.blogspot.com/2024/06/blog-post_50.html   #ligamentum_teres   #ligamentum_capitis_femoris   #hip   #biomechanics    Publication in the facebook group 03/27/2025.                                                                                                                     BLOG CONTE...

1956SingerCJ

Fragment from the book Singer CJ (Ed., trans.). On anatomical procedures: De anatomicis administrationibus (1956). Galen writes about the high resiliency and hardness of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), and also notes its connective function. See our commentary at the link: 1956SingerCJ [Rus], and  2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV .  Quote. p. 55. [Eng] On anatomical procedures; Book II. Chapter 10. As with the arm you examined the ligaments of the bones, so now examine those of all the exposed joints and first of the hip. This has one ligament embracing it [capsular ligament], as with all joints. A second, hidden in the depths of the joint [ligamentum teres], ties the head of the femur to the hollow in the hip-bone [acetabulum]. It is so tough that it could be called a 'cartilaginous sinew'. (Transl. by Ch. Singer; original source: 1821KühnCG ). External links Singer CJ (Ed., trans.). On anatomical procedures: De anatomicis administrationibus. London, New York, Toronto: P...

INFERIOR PORTAL FOR HIP ARTHROSCOPY

  Combined PDF version of the article: Arkhipov SV. Arkhipov SV. Inferior Portal for Hip A rthroscopy: A Pilot Experimental Study. This page contains a photocopy of the publication. The links for downloading the PDF version and the addresses of the online versions are given below.  The original in Russian is available at the link: Нижний портал для артроскопии тазобедренного сустава . 

FACEBOOK

  FACEBOOK (publications in the group LIGAMENTUM CAPITIS FEMORIS and this social network) A FACEBOOK section has been created (About publications in this social network). FACEBOOK GROUP  On creating a group.  OLDEST SYNONYMS  Post in Facebook groups. Planar models of the hip joint   Post in Facebook groups. The loading acting onthe femoral head   Post in Facebook groups. Visualization of the LCF by the medial approach   Post in Facebook groups. A FORCE THAT HELPS ROTATE THE PELVIS   Post in Facebook groups.  FIRST EXPERIMENTS ON A MECHANICAL MODEL   Post in Facebook groups. HIP JOINT MODEL WITH LCF ANALOGUE   Post in Facebook groups. EXTERNAL LIGAMENTS & LCF   Post in Facebook groups.  BIOMECHANICS OF THE HIP JOINT WITHOUT LCF   Post in Facebook groups. F. Pauwels vis-à-vis S. Arkhipov ☺   Post in Facebook groups.                           ...