Catalog. LCF Pathology Tests

Introduction

A decade ago, researchers noted that there was no specific test for detecting ruptures of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), and the known signs were nonspecific and observed in other intra-articular pathologies of the hip joint (2010CerezalL_Pérez-CarroL). After a decade of research and observations, the applicability of a specific clinical symptom for determining the condition of LCF remains unknown (2020ReimanMP_DijkstraHP). Until now, the accuracy of testing for LCF pathology during physical examination necessitates resorting to other, primarily instrumental diagnostic methods.

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, hip joint, tests, pathology, trauma

References

Cerezal L, Kassarjian A, Canga A, Dobado MC, Montero JA, Llopis E, Pérez-Carro L. Anatomy, biomechanics, imaging, and management of ligamentum teres injuries. Radiographics. 2010;30(6)1637-51. [pubs.rsna.org]

Reiman MP, Kemp JL, Heerey JJ, Weir A, Van Klij P, Kassarjian A ... Dijkstra HP. Consensus recommendations on the classification, definition and diagnostic criteria of hip-related pain in young and middle-aged active adults from the International Hip-related pain research network, Zurich 2018. British journal of sports medicine. 2020;54(11)631-41. [bjsm.bmj.com(Abstr) , bjsm.bmj.com(PDF) , bjsm.bmj.com(PDF,Supp)]

Catalog. LCF Pathology Tests

Amenabar T, O'Donnell J. Successful treatment of isolated, partial thickness ligamentum teres (LT) tears with debridement and capsulorrhaphy. Hip International 2013;23(6)576-82. [journals.sagepub.com , researchgate.net(PDF)]

Byrd JWT, Jones KS. Traumatic rupture of the ligamentum teres as a source of hip pain. Arthroscopy 2004;20(4)385–91. [unfallchirurgie.ch(PDF)]

Domb BG, Stake CE, Lindner D, El-Bitar Y, Jackson TJ: Arthroscopic capsular plication and labral preservation in borderline hip dysplasia: Two-year clinical outcomes of a surgical approach to a challenging problem. Am J Sports Med 2013;41(11)2591-8. [journals.sagepub.com]

Gray AJ, Villar RN. The ligamentum teres of the hip: an arthroscopic classification of its pathology. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery. 1997;13(5)575-8. [sciencedirect.com]

Lampert C. Laesionen des lig. Capitis femoris. Arthroskopie 2009;4(22)293–8. [infona.pl]

Magee D. Orthopedic Physical Assessment 6th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2014. [books.google]

Martin RL, Martin HD. Function and clinical relevance of the ligamentum teres: a current concept. Current Orthopaedic Practice 2015;26(4)425-8. [ingentaconnect.com]

Martin RL, McDonough C, Enseki K, Kohreiser D, Kivlan BR. Clinical relevance of the ligamentum teres: a literature review. International journal of sports physical therapy 2019;14(3)459-67. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Martin RL, Palmer I, Martin HD. Ligamentum teres: a functional description and potential clinical relevance. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2012;20:1209-14. [link.springer.com]

O’Donnell J, Economopoulos K, Singh P, Bates D, Pritchard M. The ligamentum teres test: a novel and effective test in diagnosing tears of the ligamentum teres. Am J Sports Med 2014;42(1)138-43. [journals.sagepub.com]

O’Donnell JM, Devitt BM, Arora M. The role of the ligamentum teres in the adult hip: redundant or relevant? A review. Journal of hip preservation surgery 2018;5(1)15-22. [academic.oup.com]

O’Donnell JM, Pritchard M, Porthos Salas A, Singh PJ. The ligamentum teres—its increasing importance. J Hip Preserv Surg. 2014;1(1)3-11. [academic.oup.com , academic.oup.com(PDF)]

Philippon MJ, Pennock A, Gaskill TR. Arthroscopic reconstruction of the ligamentum teres: technique and early outcomes. The Journal of bone and joint surgery, British volume 2012;94(11)1494-8. [online.boneandjoint.org.uk]

Rao J, Zhou YX, Villar RN. Injury to the ligamentum teres: mechanism, findings, and results of treatment. Clin Sports Med 2001;20(4)791–9. [sportsmed.theclinics.com]

Rosinsky PJ, Shapira J, Lall AC, Domb BG. All About the Ligamentum Teres: From Biomechanical Role to Surgical Reconstruction. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2020;28(8)e328-39. [journals.lww.com]

Архипов С.В. Связка головки бедренной кости: функция и роль в патогенезе коксартроза; 2-ое изд., испр. и доп. Йоэнсуу: Издание Автора, 2023. (Arkhipov S.V. Ligament of head of femur: function and role in the pathogenesis of coxarthrosis. – 2nd rev. ed. Joensuu: Author's Edition, 2023. [In Russian]). [books.google]

Архипов СВ. Роль связки головки бедренной кости в патогенезе коксартроза: автореф. дис. … канд. мед. наук. Москва, 2012. [researchgate.net , medical-diss.com]

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CATALOGS AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES

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Memorial Day

July 7 My Father's Day Vasily Dmitrievich Arkhipov (1936-2004) Tireless Worker of the Kindest Soul The engineering mindset inherited from him helped develop a Theory of ligamentum capitis femoris biomechanics , create mechanical models of the hip joint , and design walking machines with ligaments analogues . Jubilee Promo: Our Books at €1 Архипов С.В. Связка головки бедренной кости. Функция и роль в патогенезе коксартроза. Йоэнсуу: Издание Автора, 2023. [Arkhipov SV. The ligament of the head of femur. Function and role in the pathogenesis of coxarthrosis. Joensuu: Author's Edition, 2023. (In Russian)] Google Play Архипов С.В. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день: Рассуждение о XXXII главе книги Бытие. Йоэнсуу: Издание Автора, 2024. [Arkhipov S.V. The Ninth Month, Eleventh Day: A Reflection on Chapter XXXII of the Book of Genesis. Joensuu: Author’s Edition, 2024. (In Russian)] GooglePlay Архипов С.В. Дети человеческие: истоки библейских преданий в обозрении врача. Эссе, снабже...

1803LarreyDJ

Content [i] Annotation [ii] Original text [iii] English translation [iv] Source & links [v] Notes [vi] Authors & Affiliations [vii] Keywords [i] Annotation Fragment from the book: Larrey DJ. Relation historique et chirurgique de l'expedition de l'armée d'Orient, en Egypte et Syrie (Historical account and surgery of the expedition of the Army of the Orient, in Egypt and Syria, 1803). The author describes exarticulation in the hip joint and the technique of cutting the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), which he calls the "interarticular ligament". The text in Russian is available at the following link: 1803LarreyDJ . [ii] Original text (France ) Quote pp. 325-328 Les praticiens qui ont proposé l'extirpation de la cuisse ne sont point d'accord sur la manière de la faire; cependant presque tous, craignant l'hémorragie de l'artère crurale, commencent par la ligature de ce vaisseau, forment ensuite un lambeau aux dépens des muscles ...

BLOG CONTENT

T he ligament of the head of femur or ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) is the key to a graceful gait and understanding the causes of hip joint diseases. We present promising scientific knowledge necessary for preserving health, to create new implants and techniques of treating degenerative pathology and damage of the hip joint. Project objective : preserving a normal gait and quality of life, helping to study of hip joint biomechanics, developing effective treatments for its diseases and injuries. In translating to English, the author is assisted by ChatGPT (version 3.5) and the Google Translate service . We're sorry for any flaws in the syntax. The meaning makes up for the imperfections! TABLES OF CONTENTS Acetabular Canal (Anatomy, topography and significance of the functioning area of the ligamentum capitis femoris) Acetabular Canal. Part 1. This article describes the space where the ligam...

Vertebrates

VERTEBRATES According to the molecular clock, a specific method for dating phylogenetic events, vertebrates (Vertebrata) separated from arthropods (Arthropoda) 976±97 Ma (2004HedgesSB_ShoeJL). The latter began to dominate in species diversity with the Cambrian burst of radiation, which occurred 520 Ma (2010EdgecombeGD). This ratio in the fauna of the Earth is still preserved. Approximately 525 Ma, the phylum Chordates separated from the group of bilaterally symmetrical animals (1995ChenJY_ZhouGQ). In turn, the evolution of chordate organisms led to the formation of the first vertebrates at least 500 Ma, from which the jawed mouths 450-400 Ma descended, becoming the ancestors of the placoderms or "armored" fish (Placodermi) (1979 НаумовНП _ КарташевНН ). Sculptural reconstruction of the placoderm Coccosteus from the order Arthrodires, Middle Devonian, 393.3-382.7 Ma ; exposition of the Orlov Paleontological Museum (Moscow); photo by the author. The first cartilaginou...

17c.Archangel_Cathedral

Archangel Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin, fresco – «Jacob’s Wrestling with God» (1652 – 1666). Depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work: Ninth month, eleventh day ( 2024АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ). Unknown author – Archangel Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin, fr...

17th Century

17th Century Catalog of archived publications of the specified period 1600-1609 1600LaurensA The author writes about the anatomy, attachment, properties, shape and size LCF. 1603IngrassiaeIP The author writes about the topography of LCF, its geometric and mechanical properties. 1605BauhinC The author writes about the attachment, function, possible elongation and damage of the LCF. 1610-1619 1610RiolanJ The author discusses the localization, function, attachment and mentions rare synonyms of LCF. 1611BartholinC The author describes the anatomy, topography, geometric and mechanical properties of the LCF. 1611GuidiG The author briefly writes about the anatomy, function, and attachment of the LCF. 1614PlatterF The author notes the role of the LCF in fixing the femur in the acetabulum and the possibility of its lengthening. 1615BauhinC The author describes the consist...

LCF in 2026 (May)

LCF in 2026 (May ) (Quotes from articles and books published in May 2026 mentioning the ligamentum capitis femoris) Kim, P. S., Kang, C., Lee, J. K., & Hwang, J. M. (2026). Hip arthroscopy to treat symptomatic paralabral cysts: a retrospective analysis of clinical outcomes. Arthroscopy and Orthopedic Sports Medicine , 13 (1), 27-34. [i] e-aosm.org Ko, H. Y. (2026). Vascular Anatomy of the Extremities and Lungs. In Practical Functional Anatomy for Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation: A Guide for Physiatrists and Rehabilitation Specialists (pp. 191-223). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. [ii] link.springer.com Aiba, H., Yamaguchi, M., Kimura, H., & Murakami, H. (2026). Advances in limb-salvage surgery and reconstruction for pediatric bone and soft tissue tumors. Frontiers in Pediatrics , 14 , 1817788. [iii] pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Bajwa, A., Villar, R., ...

21st Century

21st Century Catalog of archived publications of the specified period 2000 2000ShahMK Joint replacement system [ invention]. 2001 2001PedersenWB_BechgaardKA A prosthetic device [ invention] 2002 2003 2004 Reasoning about Morphomechanics Chapter in a b ook: Archipov-Baltic S.V. Reasoning about Morphomechanics. The norm – Kaliningrad, 2004. [In Russian] / Original text: Архипов-Балтийский СВ. Рассуждение о морфомеханике. Норма. Калининград, 2004. 2004LangP_MillerD Minimally invasive joint implant with 3-dimensional geometry matching the articular surfaces [ invention]. 2004PreussJ The author translates the biblical term "גיד" into scientific language as LCF and notes the possibility of its damage in an animal. 2004VialleR_GlorionC The article discusses the examination technique for dislocation of the femur and describes the radiographic ...

LCF in 2026 (January)

L CF in 2026 ( January ) (Quotes from articles and books published in January 2026 mentioning the ligamentum capitis femoris) Villegas Meza, A. D., Nocek, M., Felan, N. A., Speshock, A., Bolia, I. K., & Philippon, M. J. (2025). Hip Microinstability: Current Concepts in Diagnosis, Surgical Management, and Outcomes A Narrative Review. Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine , 205-221. [i] tandfonline.com , dovepress.com Wang, C. H., Wang, J. H., Lin, Y. H., Shih, C. A., & Hong, C. K. (2026). An Unusual Mechanical Cause of Hip Subluxation Following Modified Dunn Procedure for Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis: A Case Report. Formosan Journal of Musculoskeletal Disorders , 10-4103. [ii] journals.lww.com Alsaghaier, A. (2026). Results of spica cast in treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip in children between 6-18 Months. Journal of Academic Research , 30 , 28-43. [...

MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS

MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS ( Erroneous and folkloric beliefs, folk and traditional stories...) LCF in English Bibles The first written mention of the LCF in humans is found in the ancient Hebrew book – Bereshit (Genesis). In English translations of the Bible, LCF is denoted by various terms, often not explicitly referring to the «ligament». The Shortest Comments on Genesis, Chap. XXXII-XXXIII In the selected excerpt, the symptoms, mechanism, and differential diagnostic test for the injury to LCF are provided, along with details about the circumstances, time, and place of the biblical trauma. 1609-1583bcProtoBereshit Hypothesis: in the work of fiction, an unknown physician-encyclopedist for the first time pointed out damage to the LCF as a cause of gait disturbance. 922-722bcElohist A variant of the oldest description of damage to the LCF and the cause of lameness in Hebrew, dating from 922-722 BC. 8cent.bcHomer The...

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