Catalog. LCF Pathology Tests

Introduction

A decade ago, researchers noted that there was no specific test for detecting ruptures of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), and the known signs were nonspecific and observed in other intra-articular pathologies of the hip joint (2010CerezalL_Pérez-CarroL). After a decade of research and observations, the applicability of a specific clinical symptom for determining the condition of LCF remains unknown (2020ReimanMP_DijkstraHP). Until now, the accuracy of testing for LCF pathology during physical examination necessitates resorting to other, primarily instrumental diagnostic methods.

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, hip joint, tests, pathology, trauma

References

Cerezal L, Kassarjian A, Canga A, Dobado MC, Montero JA, Llopis E, Pérez-Carro L. Anatomy, biomechanics, imaging, and management of ligamentum teres injuries. Radiographics. 2010;30(6)1637-51. [pubs.rsna.org]

Reiman MP, Kemp JL, Heerey JJ, Weir A, Van Klij P, Kassarjian A ... Dijkstra HP. Consensus recommendations on the classification, definition and diagnostic criteria of hip-related pain in young and middle-aged active adults from the International Hip-related pain research network, Zurich 2018. British journal of sports medicine. 2020;54(11)631-41. [bjsm.bmj.com(Abstr) , bjsm.bmj.com(PDF) , bjsm.bmj.com(PDF,Supp)]

Catalog. LCF Pathology Tests

Amenabar T, O'Donnell J. Successful treatment of isolated, partial thickness ligamentum teres (LT) tears with debridement and capsulorrhaphy. Hip International 2013;23(6)576-82. [journals.sagepub.com , researchgate.net(PDF)]

Byrd JWT, Jones KS. Traumatic rupture of the ligamentum teres as a source of hip pain. Arthroscopy 2004;20(4)385–91. [unfallchirurgie.ch(PDF)]

Domb BG, Stake CE, Lindner D, El-Bitar Y, Jackson TJ: Arthroscopic capsular plication and labral preservation in borderline hip dysplasia: Two-year clinical outcomes of a surgical approach to a challenging problem. Am J Sports Med 2013;41(11)2591-8. [journals.sagepub.com]

Gray AJ, Villar RN. The ligamentum teres of the hip: an arthroscopic classification of its pathology. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery. 1997;13(5)575-8. [sciencedirect.com]

Lampert C. Laesionen des lig. Capitis femoris. Arthroskopie 2009;4(22)293–8. [infona.pl]

Magee D. Orthopedic Physical Assessment 6th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2014. [books.google]

Martin RL, Martin HD. Function and clinical relevance of the ligamentum teres: a current concept. Current Orthopaedic Practice 2015;26(4)425-8. [ingentaconnect.com]

Martin RL, McDonough C, Enseki K, Kohreiser D, Kivlan BR. Clinical relevance of the ligamentum teres: a literature review. International journal of sports physical therapy 2019;14(3)459-67. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Martin RL, Palmer I, Martin HD. Ligamentum teres: a functional description and potential clinical relevance. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2012;20:1209-14. [link.springer.com]

O’Donnell J, Economopoulos K, Singh P, Bates D, Pritchard M. The ligamentum teres test: a novel and effective test in diagnosing tears of the ligamentum teres. Am J Sports Med 2014;42(1)138-43. [journals.sagepub.com]

O’Donnell JM, Devitt BM, Arora M. The role of the ligamentum teres in the adult hip: redundant or relevant? A review. Journal of hip preservation surgery 2018;5(1)15-22. [academic.oup.com]

O’Donnell JM, Pritchard M, Porthos Salas A, Singh PJ. The ligamentum teres—its increasing importance. J Hip Preserv Surg. 2014;1(1)3-11. [academic.oup.com , academic.oup.com(PDF)]

Philippon MJ, Pennock A, Gaskill TR. Arthroscopic reconstruction of the ligamentum teres: technique and early outcomes. The Journal of bone and joint surgery, British volume 2012;94(11)1494-8. [online.boneandjoint.org.uk]

Rao J, Zhou YX, Villar RN. Injury to the ligamentum teres: mechanism, findings, and results of treatment. Clin Sports Med 2001;20(4)791–9. [sportsmed.theclinics.com]

Rosinsky PJ, Shapira J, Lall AC, Domb BG. All About the Ligamentum Teres: From Biomechanical Role to Surgical Reconstruction. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2020;28(8)e328-39. [journals.lww.com]

Архипов С.В. Связка головки бедренной кости: функция и роль в патогенезе коксартроза; 2-ое изд., испр. и доп. Йоэнсуу: Издание Автора, 2023. (Arkhipov S.V. Ligament of head of femur: function and role in the pathogenesis of coxarthrosis. – 2nd rev. ed. Joensuu: Author's Edition, 2023. [In Russian]). [books.google]

Архипов СВ. Роль связки головки бедренной кости в патогенезе коксартроза: автореф. дис. … канд. мед. наук. Москва, 2012. [researchgate.net , medical-diss.com]

In translating to English, the author is assisted by ChatGPT (version 3.5) and the Google Translate service.

If you notice an error, please let us know!

BLOG CONTENT

CATALOGS AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES

Comments

BLOG CONTENT

T he ligament of the head of femur or ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) is the key to a graceful gait and understanding the causes of hip joint diseases. We present promising scientific knowledge necessary for preserving health, to create new implants and techniques of treating degenerative pathology and damage of the hip joint. Project objective : preserving a normal gait and quality of life, helping to study of hip joint biomechanics, developing effective treatments for its diseases and injuries. In translating to English, the author is assisted by ChatGPT (version 3.5) and the Google Translate service . We're sorry for any flaws in the syntax. The meaning makes up for the imperfections! TABLES OF CONTENTS Acetabular Canal (Anatomy, topography and significance of the functioning area of the ligamentum capitis femoris) Acetabular Canal. Part 1. This article describes the space where the ligam...

1827KühnCG

Fragment from the book Kühn CG. Clavdii Galeni Opera omnia (1827). Pseudo-Galen notes the connecting function of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and also specifies the proximal and distal attachment sites. See our commentary at the link: 1827KühnCG [Rus]. Quote [Grc] Εἰσαγωγὴ ἢ Ἰτρός . K εφ . ιβ . [ Περί όστεολογἰας .] μηρου δέ έν μεν οστούν . συμβάλλει δε επικεκαμμένη μετρίως τη κεφαλή αυτού εις βαθείαν κοτύλην του ισχίου και νεύρῳ απήρτηται εκφυομένω εκ μέσης της κοτύλης και εμφυομένω εις μέσην την κεφαλήν του μηρού . (original source: 1827KühnCG, pp. 723-724) [Lat Introductio, seu Medicus. Cap. XII. [De osteologia] Femoris os unum est, cujus caput leniter reflexum in coxae profundum sinum conjicitur. Quam commissuram nervus, qui e medio sinu prodit et in medium femoris caput inseritur, continet. (original source: 1827KühnCG, pp. 723-724) Translation [Eng] Introduction, or the Physician. Chapter 12. [On osteology] The hip has ...

1666VeslingJ

Fragments from the book Vesling J. Syntagma anatomicum (1666). The author describes the attachment, properties and role of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). The text uses several synonyms: ligamentum teres, rotundo, tereti. Quote p. 269 [Lat] Superior appendix cum adjuncto processu, amplum, globosum que femoris caput constituit, valida cervice subnixum, quod intra cavitatem ossis Ischii, Ilium, & Pubis concursu productam, (Acetabulum alias, Pyxidemque nominant) reconditur. Detinetur in hoc sinu robustis LIGAMENTIS: lato uno, & membranoso, quod articulum totum circumdat, tum rotundo altero, & tereti, quod ab ipsa cavitate productum, statim in caput susceptum demittitur. Quote p. 276 [Lat] Fig. VII … b. Ligamentum teres, ex Acetabulo natum. Translation [Eng] Quote p. 269 . The superior appendage, together with the accessory process, forms the large, spherical head of the femur, supported by a strong neck, which is placed in a cavity formed by the ischium, ilium, and...

Online Journal «ABOUT ROUND LIGAMENT OF FEMUR», July 2025

The journal is dedicated to the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and related topics About the Journal »»» . The online journal « About Round Ligament of Femur » was created based on the scientific blog of the same name. The resource is the English-language part of the project: ONLINE JOURNAL: Ligamentum capitis femoris . Updates: As new materials are prepared. Mission : Popularization and preservation of knowledge about LCF, as well as promoting its practical application. Main goal: Improvement of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of injuries and diseases of the hip joint. Publisher: Arkhipov S.V., independent researc...

2003IvanovYV

Ivanov YV, panel, wood carving – Jacob Wrestling with the Angel (2003). Variant of depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Ja cob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank. ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work: Ninth month, eleventh day ( 2024 АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ). Ivanov Yuri Vitalievich – Jacob Wrestling with the Angel (2003); im...

344-411Rufinus Aquileiensis

A fragment of the manuscript of the translation of Josephus Flavius' Antiquities of the Jews ( Ἰουδαϊκὴ ἀρχαιολογία / De antiquitate iudaica) into Latin by Rufinus Aquileiensis. The translator worked approximately between 344 and 411 in the Roman Empire. His work was rewritten between 1150 and 1199 in Northern France. In Josephus's translation of Antiquities of the Jews, ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) is referred to as «neruum». The selected fragment deals with the LCF of an animal and discusses a biblical episode of its damage in a human. See our commentary at the link: 344-411Rufinus Aquileiensis [Rus]. T he original text: 93-94JosephusF . Quote [ Lat] De antiquitate iudaica. Liber primus (original source: 1150JosephusF, p. 22, fragment) Translation [Eng] Antiquities of the Jews. Book 1. 20.2 When Jacob had made these appointments all the day, and night came on, he moved on with his company; and, as they were gone over a certain river called Jabboc, Jacob was left behi...

The Solar System

The Solar System As a result of a mysterious catastrophic event about 13.8 billion years ago, the Universe was formed (2012HawkingS; 2020AghanimN_RoudierG). In it, giant cloud-like accumulations of plasma, molecules and dust became the points of star formation (2011MurrayN). A series of their generations, igniting, functioning and collapsing, led to the appearance of various chemical elements through staged reactions of nuclear fusion (1998IshkhanovBS_TutynIA). The Sun was born for at least ten million years by compressing a concentration of molecular gas and parts of the most ancient stars (2010HanslmeierA). As a result, 4.5682-4.567 billion years ago, the Solar System self-organized, at the dawn of its life consisting of a central luminary and a protoplanetary gas and dust disk (2013HazenRM). At least the oldest meteorite inclusions were fused 4.568-4.565 billion years ago, and at most three million years later, accretion of chondrite globules occurred (1995AllègreCJ_GöpelC). T...

1614PlatterF

Fragment from the book Platter F. Observationum (1614). The author notes the role of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in fixing the femur in the acetabulum and the possibility of its lengthening (synovitis) . Quote pp. 141-142 [Lat] Cruris dextri astrictio & contractio, post coxendicum dolorem. Cùm enim ligamentum illud articulum circumd ás, omnium totius corporis ligamentorum, quae articulos ambiunt, sit amplissimum; fieri potest, ut adeò cedat, ut (sicuti saepe sit) femoris caput, è suo sinu devoluatur, & in membranae illius (quae cùm erassissima sit, prae omnibus totius corporis ligamentis, nunquam vi qualicunque disrumpi potest) amplitudine seu capacitate subsistat, elongato simul & vehementer attracto, tereti illo & crasso, quod caput aliàs in suo sinu retinere solet, ligamento. Quod & ob tensionem illam nimiam, astrictum & induratum, chordae alicuius crasssissimae & firmisimae instar, quae nunquam disrumpi, nunquam ab acetabulo, cuius cartilag...

150-250Targum Jonathan

Fragments from the Targum Jonathan on Genesis. Tractate was written between about 150 - 250 in lend of Israel. The text is a combination of a translation and commentary on the book of Bereshit. The unknown compiler mentions ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in an animal and an episode of its damage in a human. See our commentary at the link: 150-250Targum Jonathan [Rus]. Quote 1. [Heb] Genesis. 32:33 (original source: sefaria.org ) Quote 2. [Heb] Genesis. 43:16 (original source: sefaria.org ) Translation Quote 1. [Eng] Genesis. 32:33 Therefore, the sons of Israel eat not the sinew which shrank, which is in the hollow of the thigh of cattle and of wild animals, until this day; because the Angel touched and laid hold of the hollow of the right thigh of Jakob, in the place of the sinew which shrank. (Transl. by J.W. Etheridge (186 2 ) ; original source: targum.info ) Quote 2. [Eng] Genesis. 43:16 And Joseph saw Benjamin with them: and he said to Menasheh whom he had mad...

Pathology of LCF Attachment Areas

Version : 20240419 PATHOLOGY OF LCF ATTACHMENT AREAS 1. Distal attachment area 2. Proximal attachment area 3. Both attachment areas Types of Pathology of LCF Attachment Area 1. Spontaneous 2. Iatrogenic Variants of Pathology of LCF Attachment Area 1. Displacement of the attachment area (dislocation) 2. Partial damage to the attachment area 3. Destruction of the attachment area Pathology of the Distal Attachment Area of LCF 1. Caudal displacement (coxa vara, juvenile epiphysiolysis) 2. Cranial displacement (coxa valga, adductor contracture) 3. Forward displacement (anteversion) 4. Backward displacement (retroversion) 5. Flexion displacement (flexion contracture) 6. Extension displacement (extension contracture) 7. Medial displacement (protrusion, fracture of the acetabulum) 8. Lateral displacement (external subluxation) Pathology of the Proximal Attachment Area of LCF 1. Caudal displacement (vertical ace...

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