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Fragments from the book: Vrolik G. Essai sur les effets produits dans le corps humain par la luxation congenitale et accidentelle non reduite du femur (1839). The author discusses the role of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in blood supply and its alteration in congenital hip dislocation. The text in Russian is available at the following link: 1839VrolikG.


Quote p. 5.

La tete du femur arrachte de sa cavite, soit que Ja membrane capsulire ait eter dilaceree ou non, et que l’insertion du ligament rond ait etr epargnee ou rompue, suit, dans la majorite des cas, l'action des puissants muscles fessiers, et, autant que le permettent ses attaches preservees, se fixe d’ordinaire sur la surface externe de l’os iliaque.

 

Quote pp. 6-7.

Quoique la tete du femur ait quitte Ja cavite cotyloide, elle reste neanmoins entouree et enfermee dans une membrane capsulaire, qui, quoiqu’elle n’ait pas la meme forme et la meme disposition que celle dont elle etait auparavant couverte, est neanmoins d’une densite et d’une force suflisantes pour servir de soutien dans la marche et la position droite (1). Comme il peut etre considere, en quelque sorte, comme un prolongement de la capsule primitive, sa relation avec l’ancienne cavite n’est pas tout-a-fait suspendue. On trouve meme quelques exemples, ou le ligament rond n’a pas quitte la tite du femur, et ou de cette manidre son attache‚ dans l’articulation ancienne est restee.

Les changements neanmoins, que la tete du femur subit dans son nouveau receptacle, sont dans la majorite des cas trop grands pour que ce ligament puisse etre conserve.

L’anatomie et a physiologie nous apprennent, que des vaisscaux nourriciers sont transportes avec le ligament rond a la tete du femur. Ce sont ces vaisseaux, qui continuent a nourrir la tete, si elle vient a se separer du col dans la membrane capsulaire, et si cette cohaesion rompue m'est pas r£tablie par du callus. Si donc la tete du femur, ou immediatement avec l’exarticulation, ou quelque temps apres, est privde de ce ligament, elle cesse d’etre nourrie; elle devient d’une moindre circonference et perd sa rondeur primitivez elle s’andantit meme quelquefois tellement qu’il en reste tout-au-plus une trace sur le col du femur.

 

Quote pp. 19-20.

Les deux tetes des femurs, encore couvertes de leur enveloppe cartilagineuse, et chacune incluse dans la capsule prolongee, sont a la verite munies d’un col assez bien constitud, mais au lieu d’etre bien developpees, elles sont petites et d’une figure pointue et inegale. On ne trouvait rien du ligament rond dans les cavites cotyloides ou sur les tetes des femurs (2). Ainsi ces tetes sont seulement attachees par la membrane capsulaire, qui est tres epaissie, surtout du cote superieur et posterieur de l’ancienne cavite, et a l’epine anterieure et inferieure de la crete iliaque (1). Affermies par ce bandage solide, elles pouvaient pendant a vie se mouvoir lbrement, entre les muscles fessiers, sans avoir besoin de venir en contact immediat avec les surfaces exterieures des os iliaques. Mais elles ne sont pas restees neanmoins sans influence sur les muscles fessiers, tant moyen que petit. Car par le deplacement des tetes des femurs, les points centraux de mouvement sont aussi venus dans un autre rapport avec les muscles mentionnes, et plusieurs de ses faisccaux sont par la rendus inactifs.

 

(2) On dit que DUPUYTREN l’a rencontre une fois dans un etat etendu, aplati et comme use par la pression et le frottement de la tete du femur. On peut presumer, d'apres des principes rationeis, que ce ligament ne manque jamais au commencement, ce qui devient plus que vraisemblable par les deux exemples notes de sa presence dans les premiers temps de la vie. L’un est mentionne par PALLETTA, Pag. 90 de ses Exereitationes pathologicae, l’autre r&presente par CRUVEILMER sur la deuxieme planche de son Anatomie-pathologique.

On peut deduire de ce que nous avons rapporte d’apres DUTUTTREN, de quelle manidre ce ligament se perd dans une epoque plus avancee.

 

Quote p. 25.

Puisque ces parties restent intactes, ne doit on pas supposer plutot une force agissant lentement, qui expulsant la tete du femur du dedans en dehors, permet l’extension du ligament rond et capsulaire , qui arrive petit a petit au point que la tete du femur doit depasser la cavite articulaire et se placer ailleurs.

 

Quote pp. 27-28.

La cavite cotyloide elle meme etait changee, ayant presque acquis la forme d’un triangle. Sur son bord posterieur etait disposee une crudte cartilagineuse large et fort tendre , sur laquelle etait place la tete du femur expulsee (3).

Apres avoir tourne en dehors cette tete, l’on remarqua, comme une chose curieuse, qu’il n’etait reste du ligament rond, que les fibres, qui ont rapport avec sa fossette (4); quant a ceux, qui vont ordinairement de la cavite cotyloide a la tete du femur, on n’en trouvait plus aucune trace.

La cause de cette perte peut etre expliquee facilement; cn examinant le rapport entre la nouvelle surface articulaire et la tete du femur. Car apres son deplacement, la tete a du continuellement comprimer et meurtrir le ligament rond entre sa surface et celle du nouvecau cartilage, d’ou enfin il est resulte un aneantissement complet de ses fibres, laissant seulement cette bande, qui est inserte dans la fossette de la tete du femur (5). Il n’est pas douteux, que cette bande se serait de meme tout-a-fait andantie, aprds le rapport rompu des vaisscaux, qui penetrent, de la cavite cotyloide, dans les fibres du ligament rond.

Comme les tetes de femurs, expulsdes en tout ou en partie, perdent leur forme primitive, de meme on voit aussi deja dans notre cas les traces de cet aneantissement. La tete du femur a du s’adapter a la place, vers laquelle elle s’est tournde sur le bord de la cavite. La forme convexe est devenue en cet endroit plus aplatie; la tete elle-meme ressemble presque a un cone tronque , dont le sommet se trouve pres de l’insertion du ligament rond (1).

 

Quote p. 30.

PLANCHE IV.

Bassin d’une jeune fille, ayant atteint l’age de huit ans, dans lequel la tete du femur droit etait chassee de sa cavite articulire par un developpement anormal de la glande innomine.

a. La glande innominde agrandie, divisee en lobules.

b. Le bord posterieur de a cavite cotyloide retrecie , elargi et couvert de cartilage.

c. Les fibres du ligament rond, presque tout-a-fait aneanti, conservees sur la tete du femur.

d. Sommet de la tete du femur, ayant acquis la forme d’un cone.


Vrolik G. Essai sur les effets produits dans le corps humain par la luxation congenitale et accidentelle non reduite du femur. Amsterdam: c.g. sulpke, 1839.  books.google  ,  wellcomecollection.org


Gerardus Vrolik (1775-1859) was a Professor of Anatomy and Botany in Amsterdam. wikimedia.org , museumvrolik.nl


Gerardus Vrolik (18th century and early 19th century)
Author C.H. Hodges
; original in the 
wikimedia.org collection
(CC0 – Public Domain, no changes).

 

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, anatomy, role, pathology, congenital dislocation, dislocation



NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7

                                                                   

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