1851BarkowHCL

The author briefly describes ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in the tiger and llama.

The translation was done in collaboration with ChatGPT 3.5.

Barkow HCL. Anatomische Abhandlungen. Breslau: F. Hirt, 1851. [fragments]
Quote p. 108
Bei Felis Tigris umfasst das Ligamentum capsulare Capituli Femoris den Schenkelhals nur wenig, ist an der äussern und hintern Seite stark, an der innern Seite schwach. Das Ligamentum Acetabuli ist stark, aber das Labrum cartilagineum fehlt. Das Ligamentum teres ist 10 Linien lang, am Ursprunge in der Fovea Acetabuli 8 Linien, an der Insertion am Schenkelkopf Linien breit.	In Felis Tigris, the femoral capsular ligament covers only a small part of the femoral neck and is strong on the outer and posterior sides and weak on the inner side. The acetabular ligament is strong, but the cartilaginous lip is absent. The round ligament is 10 lines long, 8 lines at its origin in the acetabulum fossa, and one line wide at its attachment to the femoral head.
Quote p. 115
Bei Auchenia Lama ist das Ligamentum capsulare fibrosum Capituli Femoris an der vordern äussern und obern Seite sehr stark. Man könnte sagen, es wäre das Ligamentum ileo- und ischio-femorale unter einander verschmolzen. Das Ligamentum teres ist ebenfalls stark, einen halben Zoll lang und an seiner Insertion am Oberschenkel 3 Linien breit. Die Kapsel umfasst den Schenkelhals weiter als beim Tiger. Das Labrum cartilagineum fehlt.	In Auchenia Lama the fibrous ligament of the femoral head is very strong on the anterior and superior side. We can say that the iliofemoral and ischiofemoral ligaments are fused. The round ligament is also strong, being half an inch long and 3 lines wide at its insertion into the thigh. The capsule covers the femoral neck wider than that of a tiger. The cartilaginous lip is absent.

External links

Barkow HCL. Anatomische Abhandlungen. Breslau: F. Hirt, 1851. [archive.org , books.google]

Authors & Affiliations

Hans Carl Leopold Barkow (1798-1873), German anatomist and physiologist, professor at the University of Rostock and the University of Breslau.

Hans Karl Barkow (1861)
Author A. Tilch (?); original in the wikimedia.org collection
(CC0 – Public Domain, no changes)

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, anatomy, animals, llama, tiger

NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7

BLOG CONTENT

ZOOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY

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2025ArkhipovSV. Human Children

The monograph Arkhipov S.V. Human Children: The Origins of Biblical Legends from a Physician's Perspective. An essay with references to interactive materials. 2nd revised and expanded edition. Joensuu: Author's Edition, 2025. [In Russian]. The monograph dates the writing of the Book of Genesis and the events depicted in it, as well as refutes the authorship of Moses. I offer mutually beneficial cooperation (50/50) in literary translation into English or native language. Proofreading of machine translation and cooperation in editing are expected. Requirements for co-author: 1. Native speaker 2. Experience as a writer. E-mail: archipovsv(&)gmail.com Annotation The first version of the Book of Genesis appeared in Ancient Egypt approximately 3,600 years ago, during the Hyksos period. The work was conceived as a fairy tale epic. An unknown physician-encyclopedist, who is also presumed to have authored the Edwin Smith Papyrus, played a role in its composition...

ILIOTIBIAL TRACT & LCF

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1836WeberW_WeberE

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1922LeeserI

A fragment of the Book of Genesis tells about the journey of the family of Patriarch Jacob from Charan to Canaan (Gen. 31:1 – 33:20). The translation into English from of the Masoretic Hebrew text of the Torah was done by Isaac Leeser ( 1922 LeeserI ). «Most scholars agree that the texts now found in Genesis began to be written down sometime after the establishment of the monarchy in Israel in the tenth century BCE» (1992SuggsMJ_MuellerJR). A selected passage from an ancient work mentions for the first time in history the injury of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) of a person is mentioned (Gen. 32:26,33). In the original Hebrew source this anatomical element is referred to as «גיד» (gheed, gid) ( Bereshit 32:33 ; 1923, 2004PreussJ; 2019ArkhipovSV_SkvortsovDV ; 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV ). This term was recorded in writing long before Hippocrates of Kos (V-IV cent. BCE) who used the concept «νεῦρον» to designate LCF (1844LittréÉ). It is not known...

2025ArkhipovSV. Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective

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ChatGPT. Scientific Review On the Article: “Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective”

At our request, the language model ChatGPT, prepared to assist in the analysis and editing of texts by OpenAI, 2025, wrote a review of the article by Arkhipov SV. Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective: A Note on the Mysterious ‘Dark Matter’ in the Hip Joint ([Ru] Архипов СВ . Почему восстановление вертлужной губы может быть неэффективно?: Заметка о таинственной «темной материи» в тазобедренном суставе. 06.04.2025 ). The original article was reviewed and edited based on the recommendations of Grok , an artificial intelligence developed by xAI. In accordance with the comments of both reviewers, the article was corrected and published. Below is the original text of the review by ChatGPT: Scientific Review and Critical Commentary On the article: “Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective: A Note on the Mysterious ‘Dark Matter’ in the Hip Joint” Author: S.V. Arkhipov, Independent Researcher, Joensuu, Finland I. Scientific...

LCF Mechanics

Ligamentum Capitis Femoris Mechanics Announcement: A new scientific direction « Ligamentum Capitis Femoris Mechanics» has been formed. Definition: A section of physiology that develops issues of applying the doctrine of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), its movements and forces to solving medical and biological problems. Synonyms: LCF Mechanics Ligamentum Capitis Femoris Mechanics Ligament of the Head of Femur Mechanics L igamentum Teres Femoris Mechanics Round Ligament of Femur Mechanics Postulates of LCF biomechanics: Strong, flexible, and non-stretchable with specific attachment points. Limits adduction, rotation, and cranial displacement of the femur. Shunts load on the femoral head and the abductor muscle group of the hip joint. Ensures rhythmicity, symmetry, and energy efficiency of walking. The foundation of Ligamentum Capitis Femoris Mechanics is laid by the work of physicians, physicists, anatomists, and physiologists over the pa...

Set of Classifications

General Classification of LCF Pathology Version : 20240420 Annotation Analysis of literature data and our own morphological observations allowed us to propose a General Classification of LCF Pathology. Introduction In Russia, the initial attempts to classify pathology of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) were made by morphologists. L.I. Gaevskaya distinguished three types of LCF: 1) long and thick (length 41–51 mm, thickness 5 mm), 2) short and thin (length 10–20 mm, thickness 1 mm), 3) long and of small thickness (length 43–45 mm, with a thickness of 3 mm, and length 28–30 mm with a thickness of 4–5 mm) (1954 ГаевскаяЛИ ). V.V. Kovanov, A.A. Travin identified three varieties of histological structure of LCF: 1) with a predominance of loose connective tissue; 2) with a predominance of dense connective tissue; 3) with a uniform distribution of loose and dense connective tissue ( 1963 КовановВВ _ ТравинАА ). The development of arthroscopic surgery has made it possible to i...

922-722bcElohist

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LCF in English Bibles

The primary source for translating the Bible into English is the Hebrew literary monument Torah. In its first part, the Book of Bereshit (32:33 ) , there is a mention of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF), which in Hebrew is called « גיד » (gheed, gid) (1923, 2004PreussJ; 2019ArkhipovSV_SkvortsovDV; 2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV). Probably one of the earliest written translations of the Bible into Old English was made by Ælfric of Eynsham, who worked approximately between 955–1010 CE (1050Aelfric’s). In Aelfric's Anglo-Saxon Paraphrase, the Hebrew concept of « גיד » [gheed], that is, LCF, is mentioned twice in the 25th and 32nd verses of the XXXII Chapter of the Book of Genesis and is called «sine» ( Figure 1, 2 ). In Middle English, translators Nicholas of Hereford and John Wycliffe named LCF as «synwe», and in John Purvey's Bible edition - «senewe» (1850ForshallJ_MaddenF). In Bibles in Early Modern English, LCF is designated as «senow» and «senowe» (1530TyndaleW; 1535CoverdaleM; 1...

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