Skip to main content

1672GengaB

 

The author reports for the first time a case of absence of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in both hip joints. In the book in Italian, this structure is named "Legamento rotondo". It is noteworthy that according to Bernardino Genga: "…this ligament is the strongest, supporting not only the femur but the entire body."

The preliminary translation was done in collaboration with ChatGPT 3.5.  


Genga B. Anatomia chirurgica cioe Istoria anatomica dell'ossa, e muscoli del corpo humano, con la descrittione de vasi piu riguardeuoli che scorrono per le parti esterne, & un breue trattato del moto, che chiamano circolatione del sangue di Bernardino Genga da Mondolfo. Roma: per Nicolò Angelo Tinassi, 1672.

Quote pp. 143-144

Offo Ifchio. Legamento rotondo dell’ Ischio, e Femore mancato.

Il terzo finalmente è l' Offo Ifchio, da' Latini of chiamato Os Coxendicis, da Celso Coxa, nel quale Ischio offi offerva quell' acetabolo maggiore d' ogni altro, dove fi riceve il Capo del Femore, il qual' Acetabolo negl' Infanti fi riconosce manifeftamente non effer folo dell' Offo Ifchio, ma formato da tutte tre le fuddette Offa. Intorno a quefto acetabolo vi è un Sopracciglio, o Lembo cartilaginoso, che rende la cavità più profonda, la quale internamente è incroftata di Cartilagine, e nel fondo ha un feno, dal quale nafce un legamento rotondo, che ferve ad alligare il Capo del Femore, e rendere più ftabile l'articolazione, la quale fi fa per Enarthrofin: oltre al detto legamento v' è un' altro legamento membranofo affai groffo, e robufto, il quale abbraccia tanto la parte fuperiore del Femore, quanto l'eftremità dell' acetabolo fuddetto.

 

Ischium. Collapsed round ligament of the ischium and femur.

Finally, the third is the ischium, which the Latins called Os Coxendicis, and Celsus – Coxa, in which the ischium has a large acetabulum, larger than any other [socket], where the head of the femur is located, the acetabulum in infants, apparently, it is not only formed by the ischium, but is formed by all three of these bones. Around this acetabulum there is a brow or cartilaginous growth that makes the socket deeper, which is covered inside with cartilage, and at the bottom there is a depression from which comes the round ligament, which serves to attach the head of the femur and makes the joint more stable, which is enarthrosis; in addition to the aforementioned ligament, there is another membranous ligament, quite thick and strong, which embraces both the upper part of the femur and the edges of the acetabulum.

Quote pp. 144-145

L'Autore ristrovo, mancare il Legamento rotondo.

Nell' Anno 1662. facendo io pubblicamente la diffecazione de' Mufcoli del Femore, tagliai quefto legamento membranofo, per dimoftrare tal' care Articolazione, e m'occorfe (cafo veramente maraviglioso, nè mai, ch' io fappia, rincontrato da altri) che mancava il fuddetto Legamento rotondo, fenza che tanto nella cavità fuddetta, quanto nel capo del Femore vi foffero quei feni, che naturalmente in tutti fi offervano, ne' quali ftà aderente il detto Legamento. Furono alcuni, che fubito difsero, poter' essere ftata quefta mancanza caufata da lufsazione, che antecedentemente poteva aver patita il Paziente, per la quale efsendofi rotto il detto Legamento, a poco a poco dovevafi efser confumato. Non diedi rifpofta alcuna, come poteva, con dire, che la lufsazione perfetta del Femore, maffime con difcoprimento di tal Legamento, farebbe ftata affolutamente incurabile, quando quefti beniffimo camminava: ed in che modo potevano mancare i Seni? ma, essendo l'altra parte del Cadavere infepolta, alla prefenza delli medefimi Aftanti tagliai l'altro Femore, e ritrovai il medefimo. Lettore, fo, che ti fembrarà ftrano il preftar fede a queft' Iftoria, tanto più, fe bene confideri, che quefto legamento è il più robufto, che non folo foftenga il Femore, ma con efso tutto il Corpo e confidera però, che io dico, efsermi accaduto in pubblico, e molti vi fono, che se ne ricordano. E' ben vero, che l'altro Legamento era afsai duro, grosso, e robufto, che poteva fupplire alla mancanza del rotondo.

The author discovered the absence of the round ligament.

In 1662, when I publicly dissected the muscles of the thigh, I cut this membranous ligament to exhibit this joint, and it happened to me (a truly astonishing case, which has never, so far as I know, occurred in others) that there was no round ligament, although in the said cavity and in the head of the femur there were those sinuses which are naturally present in all, and to which this ligament is attached. Some immediately suggested that this absence could have been caused by a dislocation that the patient may have experienced earlier, causing the ligament to gradually dissolve after tearing. I didn't give any response, as I could, saying that a complete dislocation of the femur, especially with the discovery of such a ligament, would have been absolutely incurable when the patient was moving so well; and how could the sinuses disappear? But, since the other part of the body was untouched, in the presence of the same witnesses, I cut the other thigh and found the same thing. Reader, I understand that it may seem strange to you to believe this story, especially if you consider that this ligament is the strongest, supporting not only the femur but the entire body, but consider that I say it happened publicly, and many remember it. Indeed, the other ligament was strong, thick, and robust enough to compensate for the absence of the round one.





External links

Genga B. Anatomia chirurgica cioe Istoria anatomica dell'ossa, e muscoli del corpo humano, con la descrittione de vasi piu riguardeuoli che scorrono per le parti esterne, & un breue trattato del moto, che chiamano circolatione del sangue di Bernardino Genga da Mondolfo. Roma: per Nicolò Angelo Tinassi, 1672. [archive.org]

Genga B. In Hippocratis Aphorismos ad chirurgiam spectantes. Commentaria eminentissimo, ac reuerendissimo principi Francisco Mariae cardinali Medices dicata a Bernardino Genga de Mondulpho status Urbini ... Latino, ac Italico idiomate ad communiorem intelligentiam exarata. Romae: typis Reu. Cam. Apost. 1694. [archive.org]

Authors & Affiliations 

Bernardino Genga (1620-1690) was a scholar of Classical medical texts, anatomist and surgeon in Rome. [wikipedia.org]

Bernardino Genga
Engraving by Carlo J. Allet based on a drawing by Guil. Sarrabat;
 original in the 1694GengaB (CC0 – Public Domain, no change)

Keywords

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur, role, synonyms, absence, observation, strength

                                                                    .

NB! Fair practice / use: copied for the purposes of criticism, review, comment, research and private study in accordance with Copyright Laws of the US: 17 U.S.C. §107; Copyright Law of the EU: Dir. 2001/29/EC, art.5/3a,d; Copyright Law of the RU: ГК РФ ст.1274/1.1-2,7


BLOG CONTENT

EXPERIMENTS AND OBSERVATIONS

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

CATALOG OF LITERATURE ON THE LCF

  Catalog of literature on the LCF (Books, articles, links, reference, mention …) NEOLITHIC AND BRONZE (8,000 to 2,000 years BCE)  https://roundligament.blogspot.com/2024/10/neolithic-and-bronze.html   IRON AGE (10th-1st century BCE) https://roundligament.blogspot.com/2024/10/iron-age.html   1st-10th Century https://roundligament.blogspot.com/2024/10/1st-10th-century.html   11th-15th Century https://roundligament.blogspot.com/2024/10/11th-15th-century.html   16th Century https://roundligament.blogspot.com/2024/10/16th-century.html   17th Century https://roundligament.blogspot.com/2024/10/17th-century.html   18th Century https :// roundligament . blogspot . com /2024/10/18 th - century . html   19th Century https://roundligament.blogspot.com/2024/10/19th-century.html   20th Century https://roundligament.blogspot.com/2024/10/20th-century.html   21st Century https://roundligament.blogspot.com/2024/10/21st-century.html BLOG CONTENT TH...

1833GerdyPN

  P.N. Gerdy, in his experiment, discovered tensioning of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) during thigh adduction. At the same time, it was noted for the first time that the consequence of LCF tension during hip adduction is a downward and lateral displacement of the femoral head. Normally, this mechanism provides unloading of the upper articular surfaces when supporting one leg (see 1874SavoryWS ). The translation from French was done in collaboration with ChatGPT 3.5.   Gerdy PN. Physiologie médicale, didactique et critique. T. 1. Paris: Librairie de Crochard, 1833. [fragment] Quote pp. 551-554   L'inclinaison de la cuisse en dehors, que l'on nomme son abduction, est un mouvement assez étendu, mais qui pourtant ne permet pas à la cuisse de se placer perpendiculairement à sa direction verticale. Les batteleurs peuvent se reposer sur un plan horizontal, les cuisses écartées en sens opposé. Dans l'inclinaison ...

LCF in 2025 (May)

  LCF in 2025 (May): Quotes from articles and books published in May 2025 mentioning the ligamentum capitis femoris. Teytelbaum, D. E., Bijanki, V., Samuel, S. P., Silva, S., Israel, H., & van Bosse, H. J. Does Open Reduction of Arthrogrypotic Hips Cause Stiffness?. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics , 10-1097. DOI: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000002940  [i]   journals.lww.com   SANTORI, N., & TECCE, S. M. (2025). FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN ARTHROSCOPY FOR HIP TRAUMA. Advancements of Hip Arthroscopy in Trauma , 136-143.  [ii]   books.google   RANDELLI, F. (2025). ARTHROSCOPIC FREE-BODY REMOVAL AFTER DISLOCATION OR AFTER BULLET/BOMB. Advancements of Hip Arthroscopy in Trauma , 1-11.  [iii]   books.google   APRATO, A. (2025). ARTHROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES FOR FEMORAL HEAD FRACTURE REDUCTION AND FIXATION. Advancements of Hip Arthroscopy in Trauma , 38.  [iv]   books.google   Brinkman, J. C., & Hartigan, D. E. (2025). Indications f...

1290Egerton1066

  Miniature Jacob Wrestling with the Angel from Egerton 1066 (ca. 1270 – 1290?).  Depicting the circumstances and mechanism of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) injury based on the description in the Book of Genesis: 25 And Jacob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 26 And when he saw that he could not pre vail against him, he struck against the hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was put out of joint, as he was wrestling with him. … 33 Therefore do the children of Israel not eat the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day; because he struck against the hollow of Jacob's thigh on the sinew that shrank.  ( 1922LeeserI , Genesis (Bereshit) 32:25-26,33) More about the plot in our work:  Ninth month, eleventh day   ( 2024 АрхиповСВ. Девятый месяц, одиннадцатый день ).     Initial E from Egerton 1066 – Jacob Wrestling with the Angel (ca. 1270 – 1290?) original ...

ChatGPT. Scientific Review On the Article: “Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective”

  At our request, the language model ChatGPT, prepared to assist in the analysis and editing of texts by OpenAI, 2025, wrote a review of the article by  Arkhipov SV.   Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective: A Note on the Mysterious ‘Dark Matter’ in the Hip Joint   ([Ru]  Архипов СВ .  Почему восстановление вертлужной губы может быть неэффективно?: Заметка о таинственной «темной материи» в тазобедренном суставе.  06.04.2025 ).  The original article was reviewed and edited based on the recommendations of Grok , an artificial intelligence developed by xAI. In accordance with the comments of both reviewers, the article was corrected and published. Below is the original text of the review by ChatGPT: Scientific Review and Critical Commentary On the article: “Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective: A Note on the Mysterious ‘Dark Matter’ in the Hip Joint” Author: S.V. Arkhipov, Independent Researcher, Joensuu, Finland I. Scientific...

INVITATION TO COOPERATION

  We offer cooperation in the following areas: - biomechanics of the hip joint in normal and pathological conditions; - hip joint endoprostheses with ligament analogues; - non-standard methods of arthroscopy of the hip joint; - reconstruction and prosthetics of the ligament of head of femur; - early diagnosis of coxarthrosis and pathology of the ligament of head of femur; - pathogenesis of dystrophic diseases of the hip joint; - joints with flexible elements for walking robots. Please send correspondence to: archipovlcfbooks&gmail.com With sincere respect to you, Sergey Arkhipov                                                                      . Translated from Russian in collaboration with ChatGPT (version 3.5, developed by OpenAI) and the Google Translate service. Original text: Мы п...

THE DOCTRINE OF LCF

  THE DOCTRINE OF  ligamentum capitis femoris:   An Instrument of Knowledge and Innovation. Definition: A set of theoretical provisions on all aspects of knowledge about the anatomical element ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). 1. Structure of the Doctrine of LCF 2.  Practical Application of the Doctrine of LCF : 2.1. Diagnostics 2.1. Prevention   2.3. Prognosis 2.4. Pathology 2.5. Veterinary   2.6. Professions     2.7. Products     2.8. Surgery   3. Theory of LCF Mechanics    4. The Base of the Doctrine of LCF 5. Stairway to the Past or History of the Doctrine of LCF 6. Ultimate Depth of Researches   7. Appendices 7.1. Acceptable Synonyms      Structure of the Doctrine of  ligamentum  capitis  femoris .       E     a     R                   T                   ...

1996(c)ArkhipovSV

  Hip joint prostheses ( Протез тазобедренного сустава ) Patent Application RU96110383A Inventor Сергей Васильевич Архипов Original Assignee Sergey Vasilyevich Arkhipov Application RU96110383/14A events 1996-05-23 Application filed by С.В. Архипов 1998-08-10 Publication of RU96110383A Claims 1. The hip joint prosthesis comprising a femoral component, are fixed in the femoral head, characterized in that the femoral component is designed as a pyramid whose base has the form of a spherical surface, and the faces contains ledges perpendicular trabecular bone, in addition to the femoral component coupled to the flexible member, which is passed through a through hole formed in the femoral component, and the ends of the flexible member are provided with fastening elements. 2. The prosthesis of claim. 1, characterized in that the fastening elements are made of a metal with shape memory. 3. The prosthesis of claim. 1, characterized in that the faces of the femoral component have...

Main Scheme

  Interaction of ligaments of the hip joint and muscles during single-leg support  BLOG CONTENT IMAGES AND VIDEOS

ACETABULAR CANAL

   Acetabular Canal  (Anatomy, topography and significance of the functioning area of ​​the ligamentum capitis femoris) Acetabular Canal.  Part 1.   This article describes the space where the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) attaches and functions.  Acetabular Canal.  Part 2.   This article describes the space where the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) attaches and functions.  Acetabular Canal.  Part 3.   This article describes the space where the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) attaches and functions.  BLOG CONTENT THE DOCTRINE OF LCF MORPHOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY                                                                                                          ...