LCF of Pithecanthropus

The hip joint of Pithecanthropus erectus (Homo erectus) had a ligament of the head of the femur, in Latin called the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). The femur of a male specimen was first discovered in 1892 by Eugène Dubois (1858-1940) on the island of Java (2004DeVosJ). The age of the sediment preserving the remains of the Java Man is estimated to be approximately in the range of 540-430 thousand years (2015JoordensJC_RoebroeksW). On the femoral head, a deep pit of the femoral head is noticeable—the trace of the distal attachment of the LCF (sketchfab.com). The location of the pit on the femoral head of Pithecanthropus is identical to that of Homo sapiens. In light of this, we assume that the Java Man walked similarly to anatomically modern humans.

Illustration:

Pithecanthropus had LCF

The left femur of Java Man (Pithecanthropus erectus, Homo erectus), specimen from the Darwin Museum (Moscow); view from the medial side (photo by the author). The arrow indicates the fossa of the femoral head - the place of attachment of the LCF.

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References:

De Vos J. The Dubois collection: a new look at an old collection. Scripta Geologica. 2004;Special Issue,4:267-85.

Joordens JC, d’Errico F, Wesselingh FP, Munro S, De Vos J, Wallinga J, ... Roebroeks W. Homo erectus at Trinil on Java used shells for tool production and engraving. Nature. 2015;518(7538)228-31.

keywords: ligamentum capitis femoris, ligament of head of femur, ligamentum teres, связка головки бедра, anatomy, paleontology, pithecanthropus

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New publications of our resource ( section started June 04, 2024 ) January 11, 2025 Acetabular Canal. Part 1. This article describes the space where the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) attaches and functions. See also Part 2 and Part 3 . January 10, 2025 1877MorrisH An excerpt from an article noting that the LCF is stretched during flexion, adduction, external rotation, and is always torn during hip dislocations. January 8, 2025 1877BrookeC Report and discussion on Henry Morris's paper Dislocations of the Thigh: their mode of occurrence as indicated by experiments, and the Anatomy of the Hip-joint, with mentioning the role played by LCF. January 7, 2025 Tweet of January 7, 2025 1898AshhurstJ The author discusses the function of the LCF as a supporting element of the body, its role in the development of deformity of the hip joint, reducing pressure and stress in the femoral head. January 4, 2025 2024Migliorin...

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Publications about the LCF 2024 ( Dece mber) Kneipp, M. L. A., Sousa, L. N., Cota, L. O., Malacarne, B. D., Winter, I. C., Santana, C. H., ... & Carvalho, A. M. (2024). Bilateral coxofemoral dysplasia in a Mangalarga Marchador foal. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science , 105253. [i] sciencedirect.com Siddiq, B. S., Gillinov, S. M., Cherian, N. J., & Martin, S. D. (2024). Arthroscopic Reconstruction of the Acetabular Labrum Using an Autograft Hip Capsule. JBJS Essential Surgical Techniques , 14 (4), e23. [ii] pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Kraft, D. B., Delahay, J. N., & Murray, R. S. (2024). Pediatric Orthopedics. In Essentials of Orthopedic Surgery (pp. 139-185). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. [iii] link.springer.com Gebriel, M. E., Farid, M., Mostafa, A., Shaker, N., Abouelela, Y., & Noor, N. (2024). The Surgical Anatomy of Canine Coxofemoral Joint and Innovative Educational...

1917TrevesF_MackenzieC

Fragments from the book Treves F, Keith A, Mackenzie C. Surgical Applied Anatomy, 7th ed. (1917). The author discusses the strength and significance of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and its changes in hip dislocations and dysplasia. Quote pp. 542-543 3. THE HIP-JOINT … The manner in which the various movements at the hip are limited may be briefly expressed as follows: The limit of every natural movement is fixed by the extensibility of the muscles which surround a joint. That is readily seen at the hip-joint, for when the knee is extended, and the hamstring muscles thus tightened, flexion at the hip is limited long before the ligaments become tense. Ligaments only come into play when the muscular defence of the joint breaks down. Flexion, when the knee is bent, is limited by the contact of the soft parts of the groin. Extension, by the ilio-psoas, rectus femoris, and the ilio-femoral or Y -ligament. Abduction, by the adductor mass of muscles and the pubo-capsular l...

1857RichetA

Fragments of the book Richet A. Traité pratique d' Anatomie medico-chirurgicale (1857) are devoted to the anatomy of the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). The author believes that the vessels passing through the LCF are sufficient to supply blood to the femoral head. The text is prepared for machine translation using a service built into the blog from Google or your web browser. In some cases, we have added links to quotations about LCF available on our resource, as well as to publications posted on the Internet. Quote pp. 922-923 Articulation coxo-femorale. Cette articulation, qui appartient à la classe des énarthroses dont elle représente le type, a été l'objet de travaux importants de la part des physiologistes et des chirurgiens, et c'est aux frères Weber et à M. Malgaigne, plutôt qu'aux anatomistes purs, qu'on doit d'avoir mis en lumière un grand nombre des faits qui vont suivre et qui éclairent des questions pathologiques avant eux restées insol...

THE DOCTRINE OF LCF

THE DOCTRINE OF ligamentum capitis femoris: An instrument of knowledge and innovation. Definition: A set of theoretical provisions on all aspects of knowledge about the anatomical element ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). 1. Structure of the Doctrine of LCF 2. Practical Application of the Doctrine of LCF : 2.1. Diagnostics 2.1. Prevention 2.3. Prognosis 2.4. Pathology 2.5. Veterinary 2.6. Professions 2.7. Products 2.8. Surgery 3. Theory of LCF Mechanics 4. The Base of the Doctrine of LCF 5. Stairway to the Past or History of the Doctrine of LCF 6. Ultimate Depth of Researches 7. Appendices 7.1. Acceptable Synonyms Structure of the Doctrine of ligamentum capitis femoris . E a r T ...

LCF in 2024 (November)

Publications about the LCF 2024 (November) . Mohammed, C., Kong, R., Kuruba, V., Rai, V., & Munazzam, S. W. (2024). Outcomes and complications of hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome: A narrative review. Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma , 102797. [i] journal-cot.com Shah, M. Q. A., Kiani, R. B., Ahmad, A., Malik, H. A., Rehman, J. U., & Anwar, Z. (2024). Children with Developmental Dysplasia of Hip-Our Experience of Outcome at a Tertiary Care Centre. Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal , 74 (5 ), 1236. [ii] scholar.google.com Graf, R. Sonography of the Infant’s Hip: Principles, implementation and therapeutic consequences . Springer Nature. 2024. [iii] books.google Sáenz, J. F. C., Carrera, E. T., Gutiérrez, R. A., & De La Ossa, L. (2024). Capsular Traction-Assisted Hip Arthroscopy: An Alternative to T-Capsulotomy for Osteochondroplasty. Arthros...

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1753TarinP

Fragments from the book Tarin P. Ostéo-graphie (1753). The author notes the localization of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and uses synonyms: ligament rond, ligamentum teres capitis femoris. The text is prepared for machine translation using a service built into the blog from Google or your web browser. Quote p. 24 Les Ligamens de l'extrémité inférieure sont, 1°. la Membrane capsulaire, &c. de la cavité cotyloïde, le Ligament rond, l'Appareil ligamenteux propre à cette cavité; le Ligament transveríal interne de son bord, le transversal externe, les deux Ligamens glanduleux; … Quote p. 54. Illæ tres offeæ portiones simul unitæ Cavitatem cotyloïdeam q.t. a. constituunt, in qua occurrit Foveols h. glandulas synoviales articulationis excipiens, cuique sesc inserit ligamentum teres capitis femoris, &c. Vid. t. u. v. TAB. I. II. III. External links Tarin P. Ostéo-graphie, ou Description des os de l'adulte, du foetus, &c. Precedée d'une introduction a l'etu...

1877BrookeC

Report by Brooke C. and discussion of the article Dislocations of the Thigh: their mode of occurrence as indicated by experiments, and the Anatomy of the Hip-joint. By Henry Morris. M.A., M.B. (1877). In the discussion, Dr. Barwell remarked that: «He agreed with Mr. Morris in regarding the ligamentum teres as of little importance in the prevention of dislocation; it probably did little more than protect the vessels passing to the head of the bone. He saw a case some years ago, in which there was congenital absence of the ligamentum teres; but he had no reason for believing that the man was more liable to dislocation of the femur than other persons.» The author of the article, Henry Morris, suggested that Malgaigne «... did not attach much importance to the ligamentum teres; and believed that it had no power to hold the bone in its place.». ROYAL MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY. TUESDAY, FEBRUARY I3TH, 1877. CHARLES BROOKE, F.R.C.S., F.R.S., Vice-President, in the Chair. D...

398-405Jerome of Stridon

Fragments of the Book of Genesis translated by Jerome of Stridon (398-405). The Latin text contains mentioned to ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) of an animal and a human. See our commentary at the link: 398-405Jerome of Stridon [Rus]. Quote [Lat] Genesis 32:25,32 25. Qui cùm videret quòd eum sperare non posset, tetigit neruum femoris eius, & statim emarcuit. (original source: 1572 MontanoBA , p. 110) 32. Quá ob causam non comedunt neruú filij Israel, qui emarcuit in femore Iacob, vsq; in præsentem diem, eo quòd tetigerit neruú femoris eius, & obstupuerit. (original source: 1572 MontanoBA , p. 112) Translation [Eng] Genesis 32:25,32 25. But when he saw that he could not prevail against him, he touched the sinew of his thigh, and immediately it withered. (original source: 1572 MontanoBA , p. 110; our translation) 32. For this reason, the children of Israel do not eat the sinew that withered in Jacob's thigh to this day, because he touched the sinew of his thigh and dam...

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