Main Functions of LCF

Version: 20240419

MAIN FUNCTIONS OF LCF

1. Mechanical

2. Trophic

3. Sensory

4. Synthetic

5. Conductor

The mechanical function of LCF involves the ability to perform work, change the direction and magnitude of movements, and convert potential energy into kinetic energy, which manifests in effects. The mechanical function is realized by the stroma of LCF.

The trophic function of LCF involves providing nutrition and gas exchange in the medial part of the femoral head through the vascular system.

The sensory function of LCF involves synthesizing and transmitting information to the central nervous system about the magnitude of mechanical stresses in the stroma and attachment areas, as well as about the parameters of the intra-articular environment of the joint. The sensory function is provided by nerves and receptors of LCF, in conjunction with analyzers of the spinal cord and brain.

The synthetic function of LCF involves the production of synovial fluid, which reduces friction in the joint and participates in the nutrition and gas exchange of the articular cartilages. It is provided by the synovial membrane.

The conductor function of LCF involves supporting and directing nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.

Effects of the Mechanical Function of LCF

1. Autolateralization effect

2. Autorotation effect

3. Autostabilization effect

4. Joint locking effect

Autorotation effect: rotation of the pelvis forward relative to the supporting leg.

Autostabilization effect: inclination of the pelvis forward and its adoption of a specific stable position in the sagittal plane.

Autolateralization rffect: pressing the acetabulum of the pelvis against the femoral head.

Joint locking effect: locking of the hip joint in the frontal plane and its transformation into an analogue of a second-class lever.

The effects of LCF are described in more detail in our dissertation research and abstract 2012ArkhipovSV (text, presentation).

ALTERNATIVE TYPES OF LCF FUNCTIONS

1. Physical

2. Biochemical

3. Biological

4. Informational

It is proposed to subdivide the functions of LCF into hierarchical units similar to the elements of the taxonomy of living organisms: type, order, family, genus, species. The identification of alternative functions is based on the participation of LCF in various processes occurring in the body: physical, chemical, biological, and informational.

Keywords:

ligamentum capitis femoris, ligament of head of femur, round ligament, ligamentum teres, classification, functions, effects

In translating to English, the author is assisted by ChatGPT (version 3.5) and the Google Translate service.

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2025ArkhipovSV. Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective

Original in Russian is available at the link: С.В. Архипова «Почему восстановление вертлужной губы может быть неэффективно?» (06.04.2025) , below is a machine translation edited by a non-native speaker (version dated 06/04/2025). Thematic Internet Journal About round ligament of femur April 2025 WHY ACETABULAR LABRUM REPAIR MAY BE INEFFECTIVE?: A NOTE ON THE MYSTERIOUS "DARK MATTER" OF THE HIP JOINT S.V. Arkhipov, Independent Researcher, Joensuu, Finland Abstract Acetabular labrum repair and reconstruction do not prevent hip joint instability during gait and the development of osteoarthritis in the case of an elongated ligamentum capitis femoris. This conclusion is based on mathematical calculations and analysis of experiments conducted on a mechanical hip joint model. Keywords : arthroscopy, hip joint, acetabular labrum, ligamentum capitis femoris, ligamentum teres, ligament of head of femur , reconstruction, repair Introduction Nearly 80% of primary hip ar...

LCF in 2025 (March)

LCF in 2025 ( March ): Quotes from articles and books published in March 2025 mentioning the ligamentum capitis femoris. Matsushita, Y., Sugiyama, H., Hayama, T., Sato, R., & Saito, M. (2025). Long-term Outcome of Pediatric Arthroscopic Surgery for Avulsion Fracture of the Ligamentum Teres: A Case Report. JBJS Case Connector , 15 (1), e25. [i] journals.lww.com Arkhipov, S. V. (2025). Inferior Portal for Hip Arthroscopy: A Pilot Experimental Study. Pt. 2. Inferior Portal Prototypes. About Round Ligament of Femur . February 26, 2025. [ii] researchgate . net Pfirrmann, C. W., & Kim, Y. J. (2025). Advanced Imaging. In Surgical Hip Dislocation: A Comprehensive Approach to Modern Hip Surgery (pp. 29-42). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. [iii] link.springer.com Singh, R., & Yadav, N. (2025). Morphometry and Morphology of the Fovea Capitis of the Femoral Head an...

1836-1840PartridgeR

«Prof. Partridge in his lectures on anatomy at King's College was accustomed to compare the Ligamentum Teres, in its function, to the leathern straps by which the body of a carriage is suspended on springs » ( 1874SavoryWS ). Perhaps Nikolai Pirogov listened to these lectures ( 1859PirogoffN ). The analogy that Richard Partridge used could have arisen after reading the monograph Bell J. The Principles of Surgery (1801) . In it, the author depicted a cart and a pelvis resting on the head of one and two femurs. However, there is no mention of ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) in the chart descriptions. References Savory WS. On the use of the ligamentum teres of the hip joint. J Anat Physiol. 1874;8(2)291-6. [ ncbi.nlm.nih.gov , archive.org ] Pirogoff N. Anatome topographica sectionibus per corpus humanum congelatum triplici directione ductus illustrate. Petropoli: Typis Jacobi Trey, 1859. [ books.google , archive.org ] ...

ChatGPT. Scientific Review On the Article: “Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective”

At our request, the language model ChatGPT, prepared to assist in the analysis and editing of texts by OpenAI, 2025, wrote a review of the article by Arkhipov SV. Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective: A Note on the Mysterious ‘Dark Matter’ in the Hip Joint ([Ru] Архипов СВ . Почему восстановление вертлужной губы может быть неэффективно?: Заметка о таинственной «темной материи» в тазобедренном суставе. 06.04.2025 ). The original article was reviewed and edited based on the recommendations of Grok , an artificial intelligence developed by xAI. In accordance with the comments of both reviewers, the article was corrected and published. Below is the original text of the review by ChatGPT: Scientific Review and Critical Commentary On the article: “Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective: A Note on the Mysterious ‘Dark Matter’ in the Hip Joint” Author: S.V. Arkhipov, Independent Researcher, Joensuu, Finland I. Scientific...

A FORCE THAT HELPS ROTATE THE PELVIS

A force that helps rotate the pelvis when walking. Modeling the key movement of the ligamentum capitis femoris when walking (the simplest but most visual experiments). See: https://kruglayasvyazka.blogspot.com/2024/05/blog-post_29.html #ligamentum_teres #ligamentum_capitis_femoris #hip #biomechanics Publication in the facebook group 03/24/2025. BLOG CONTENT NEWS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS FACEBOOK

EXTERNAL LIGAMENTS & LCF

external ligaments & LCF First experiments to study the interaction of the external ligaments and the ligamentum capitis femoris in a model: https://kruglayasvyazka.blogspot.com/2024/06/blog-post_6.html Pathological consequences of lengthening of the ligamentum capitis femoris: https://kruglayasvyazka.blogspot.com/2024/06/blog-post_63.html norm: https://kruglayasvyazka.blogspot.com/2024/06/blog-post_50.html #ligamentum_teres #ligamentum_capitis_femoris #hip #biomechanics Publication in the facebook group 03/27/2025. BLOG CONTE...

Grok. Review of the Article by S.V. Arkhipov "Why Restoration of the Acetabular Labrum May Be Ineffective?".

At our request, Grok, artificial intelligence developed by xAI, wrote a review of the article by Arkhipov SV. Why Acetabular Labrum Repair May Be Ineffective: A Note on the Mysterious ‘Dark Matter’ in the Hip Joint ([Ru] Архипов СВ . Почему восстановление вертлужной губы может быть неэффективно?: Заметка о таинственной «темной материи» в тазобедренном суставе. 06.04.2025 ). In accordance with the comments, the article was revised and sent for re-review to the ChatGPT language model prepared to assist in the analysis and editing of texts (OpenAI, 2025). Below is the original text of the review by Grok: Review of the Article by S.V. Arkhipov "Why Restoration of the Acetabular Labrum May Be Ineffective?: A Note on the Mysterious 'Dark Matter' of the Hip Joint". This review focuses on the analysis of argumentation, as requested. The author asserts that restoration of the acetabular labrum fails to prevent hip joint instability and osteoarthritis when the ligame...

2000-1600bcBM29663

Fragment of the text of clay tablet BM 29663 (Mesopotamia, 2000-1600 BC). In the list of body parts of a sheep, the author indicates ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF). See our commentary at the link: 2000-1600bcBM29663 [Rus]. Quote [Akk] Clay tablet BM 29663 (original source: photo - British Museum britishmuseum.org , text - 2018CohenY , p. 134). Translation [Eng] List of Sheep Body Parts ( с lay tablet BM 29663, obverse) 10. ni-im-šu → nimšu, “sciatic nerve”, “sinew” . ( original source: 2018CohenY , p. 135). ( original source: British Museum britishmuseum.org , CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) External links Clay tablet; museum number 29663; registration number 1898,1115.49. Middle East, Old Babylonian period (2000-1600 BC). [ britishmuseum.org , cdli.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de ] Sigrist M, Zadok R, Walker C. Catalogue of the Babylonian tablets in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Babylonian tablets in the British Museum. London: British Museum Press, 2006. ...

2020ArkhipovSV_ProlyginaIV

Ancient Textual Sources on Ligamentum Teres: Context and Transmission S.V. Arkhipov, I.V. Prolygina KEYWORDS: ancient medicine; ancient traumatology; Galen; Hippocrates; hip joint; ligamentum capitis femoris; ligament of head of femur; ligamentum teres. SUMMARY Background. One of the least researched anatomical structures of the human body is the ligament of head of femur, most often referred to as ligamentum teres. The history of the nomination of this term, medical contexts of its use, the etymology and the first synonyms (Figure 1) are not sufficiently understood. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to present the most complete collection of evidence from ancient medical authors about the term ligamentum teres, trace the history of its nomination and analyze the gradual changes in the level of knowledge about the anatomy, mechanical and geometric properties of this structure, its pathology and treatment methods. Methods. The study is based on an inter...

922-722bcElohist

Excerpt from the book of Bereishit (Genesis), the lost biblical source Elohist, written in Paleo-Hebrew script. A variant of the oldest description of damage to the ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) and the cause of lameness in Hebrew, dating from 922-722 BCE. See our commentary at the link: 922-722bcElohist [Rus]. Quote [ Paleo-Hebrew ] Elohist. Bereshit 32:32-33 (original source: 5784 Moshe Ben Amram, p. 41; our correction) Translation [Eng] Elohist. Bereshit 32:32-33 and the sun riseth on him when he hath passed over Penuel, and he is halting on his thigh; therefore the sons of Israel do not eat the sinew which shrank, which is on the hollow of the thigh, unto this day, because He came against the hollow of Jacob's thigh, against the sinew which shrank. (our correction-reconstruction of the version 1898 YoungR ( p. 23, Bereishit 32:32-33); preserved the text of the age of 922-722 BC belonging to the lost biblical source "Elohist") Moshe Ben Amram. Pentateuch in P...

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